sqlglot.dialects.clickhouse
1from __future__ import annotations 2 3import typing as t 4 5from sqlglot import exp, generator, parser, tokens 6from sqlglot.dialects.dialect import ( 7 Dialect, 8 inline_array_sql, 9 no_pivot_sql, 10 rename_func, 11 var_map_sql, 12) 13from sqlglot.errors import ParseError 14from sqlglot.parser import parse_var_map 15from sqlglot.tokens import Token, TokenType 16 17 18def _lower_func(sql: str) -> str: 19 index = sql.index("(") 20 return sql[:index].lower() + sql[index:] 21 22 23class ClickHouse(Dialect): 24 NORMALIZE_FUNCTIONS: bool | str = False 25 NULL_ORDERING = "nulls_are_last" 26 STRICT_STRING_CONCAT = True 27 28 class Tokenizer(tokens.Tokenizer): 29 COMMENTS = ["--", "#", "#!", ("/*", "*/")] 30 IDENTIFIERS = ['"', "`"] 31 STRING_ESCAPES = ["'", "\\"] 32 BIT_STRINGS = [("0b", "")] 33 HEX_STRINGS = [("0x", ""), ("0X", "")] 34 35 KEYWORDS = { 36 **tokens.Tokenizer.KEYWORDS, 37 "ATTACH": TokenType.COMMAND, 38 "DATETIME64": TokenType.DATETIME64, 39 "DICTIONARY": TokenType.DICTIONARY, 40 "FINAL": TokenType.FINAL, 41 "FLOAT32": TokenType.FLOAT, 42 "FLOAT64": TokenType.DOUBLE, 43 "GLOBAL": TokenType.GLOBAL, 44 "INT128": TokenType.INT128, 45 "INT16": TokenType.SMALLINT, 46 "INT256": TokenType.INT256, 47 "INT32": TokenType.INT, 48 "INT64": TokenType.BIGINT, 49 "INT8": TokenType.TINYINT, 50 "MAP": TokenType.MAP, 51 "TUPLE": TokenType.STRUCT, 52 "UINT128": TokenType.UINT128, 53 "UINT16": TokenType.USMALLINT, 54 "UINT256": TokenType.UINT256, 55 "UINT32": TokenType.UINT, 56 "UINT64": TokenType.UBIGINT, 57 "UINT8": TokenType.UTINYINT, 58 } 59 60 class Parser(parser.Parser): 61 FUNCTIONS = { 62 **parser.Parser.FUNCTIONS, 63 "ANY": exp.AnyValue.from_arg_list, 64 "MAP": parse_var_map, 65 "MATCH": exp.RegexpLike.from_arg_list, 66 "UNIQ": exp.ApproxDistinct.from_arg_list, 67 } 68 69 FUNCTIONS_WITH_ALIASED_ARGS = {*parser.Parser.FUNCTIONS_WITH_ALIASED_ARGS, "TUPLE"} 70 71 FUNCTION_PARSERS = { 72 **parser.Parser.FUNCTION_PARSERS, 73 "QUANTILE": lambda self: self._parse_quantile(), 74 } 75 76 FUNCTION_PARSERS.pop("MATCH") 77 78 NO_PAREN_FUNCTION_PARSERS = parser.Parser.NO_PAREN_FUNCTION_PARSERS.copy() 79 NO_PAREN_FUNCTION_PARSERS.pop(TokenType.ANY) 80 81 RANGE_PARSERS = { 82 **parser.Parser.RANGE_PARSERS, 83 TokenType.GLOBAL: lambda self, this: self._match(TokenType.IN) 84 and self._parse_in(this, is_global=True), 85 } 86 87 # The PLACEHOLDER entry is popped because 1) it doesn't affect Clickhouse (it corresponds to 88 # the postgres-specific JSONBContains parser) and 2) it makes parsing the ternary op simpler. 89 COLUMN_OPERATORS = parser.Parser.COLUMN_OPERATORS.copy() 90 COLUMN_OPERATORS.pop(TokenType.PLACEHOLDER) 91 92 JOIN_KINDS = { 93 *parser.Parser.JOIN_KINDS, 94 TokenType.ANY, 95 TokenType.ASOF, 96 TokenType.ANTI, 97 TokenType.SEMI, 98 } 99 100 TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS = {*parser.Parser.TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS} - { 101 TokenType.ANY, 102 TokenType.SEMI, 103 TokenType.ANTI, 104 TokenType.SETTINGS, 105 TokenType.FORMAT, 106 } 107 108 LOG_DEFAULTS_TO_LN = True 109 110 QUERY_MODIFIER_PARSERS = { 111 **parser.Parser.QUERY_MODIFIER_PARSERS, 112 "settings": lambda self: self._parse_csv(self._parse_conjunction) 113 if self._match(TokenType.SETTINGS) 114 else None, 115 "format": lambda self: self._parse_id_var() if self._match(TokenType.FORMAT) else None, 116 } 117 118 def _parse_conjunction(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]: 119 this = super()._parse_conjunction() 120 121 if self._match(TokenType.PLACEHOLDER): 122 return self.expression( 123 exp.If, 124 this=this, 125 true=self._parse_conjunction(), 126 false=self._match(TokenType.COLON) and self._parse_conjunction(), 127 ) 128 129 return this 130 131 def _parse_placeholder(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]: 132 """ 133 Parse a placeholder expression like SELECT {abc: UInt32} or FROM {table: Identifier} 134 https://clickhouse.com/docs/en/sql-reference/syntax#defining-and-using-query-parameters 135 """ 136 if not self._match(TokenType.L_BRACE): 137 return None 138 139 this = self._parse_id_var() 140 self._match(TokenType.COLON) 141 kind = self._parse_types(check_func=False) or ( 142 self._match_text_seq("IDENTIFIER") and "Identifier" 143 ) 144 145 if not kind: 146 self.raise_error("Expecting a placeholder type or 'Identifier' for tables") 147 elif not self._match(TokenType.R_BRACE): 148 self.raise_error("Expecting }") 149 150 return self.expression(exp.Placeholder, this=this, kind=kind) 151 152 def _parse_in(self, this: t.Optional[exp.Expression], is_global: bool = False) -> exp.In: 153 this = super()._parse_in(this) 154 this.set("is_global", is_global) 155 return this 156 157 def _parse_table( 158 self, schema: bool = False, alias_tokens: t.Optional[t.Collection[TokenType]] = None 159 ) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]: 160 this = super()._parse_table(schema=schema, alias_tokens=alias_tokens) 161 162 if self._match(TokenType.FINAL): 163 this = self.expression(exp.Final, this=this) 164 165 return this 166 167 def _parse_position(self, haystack_first: bool = False) -> exp.StrPosition: 168 return super()._parse_position(haystack_first=True) 169 170 # https://clickhouse.com/docs/en/sql-reference/statements/select/with/ 171 def _parse_cte(self) -> exp.CTE: 172 index = self._index 173 try: 174 # WITH <identifier> AS <subquery expression> 175 return super()._parse_cte() 176 except ParseError: 177 # WITH <expression> AS <identifier> 178 self._retreat(index) 179 statement = self._parse_statement() 180 181 if statement and isinstance(statement.this, exp.Alias): 182 self.raise_error("Expected CTE to have alias") 183 184 return self.expression(exp.CTE, this=statement, alias=statement and statement.this) 185 186 def _parse_join_parts( 187 self, 188 ) -> t.Tuple[t.Optional[Token], t.Optional[Token], t.Optional[Token]]: 189 is_global = self._match(TokenType.GLOBAL) and self._prev 190 kind_pre = self._match_set(self.JOIN_KINDS, advance=False) and self._prev 191 192 if kind_pre: 193 kind = self._match_set(self.JOIN_KINDS) and self._prev 194 side = self._match_set(self.JOIN_SIDES) and self._prev 195 return is_global, side, kind 196 197 return ( 198 is_global, 199 self._match_set(self.JOIN_SIDES) and self._prev, 200 self._match_set(self.JOIN_KINDS) and self._prev, 201 ) 202 203 def _parse_join(self, skip_join_token: bool = False) -> t.Optional[exp.Join]: 204 join = super()._parse_join(skip_join_token) 205 206 if join: 207 join.set("global", join.args.pop("method", None)) 208 return join 209 210 def _parse_function( 211 self, functions: t.Optional[t.Dict[str, t.Callable]] = None, anonymous: bool = False 212 ) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]: 213 func = super()._parse_function(functions, anonymous) 214 215 if isinstance(func, exp.Anonymous): 216 params = self._parse_func_params(func) 217 218 if params: 219 return self.expression( 220 exp.ParameterizedAgg, 221 this=func.this, 222 expressions=func.expressions, 223 params=params, 224 ) 225 226 return func 227 228 def _parse_func_params( 229 self, this: t.Optional[exp.Func] = None 230 ) -> t.Optional[t.List[t.Optional[exp.Expression]]]: 231 if self._match_pair(TokenType.R_PAREN, TokenType.L_PAREN): 232 return self._parse_csv(self._parse_lambda) 233 234 if self._match(TokenType.L_PAREN): 235 params = self._parse_csv(self._parse_lambda) 236 self._match_r_paren(this) 237 return params 238 239 return None 240 241 def _parse_quantile(self) -> exp.Quantile: 242 this = self._parse_lambda() 243 params = self._parse_func_params() 244 if params: 245 return self.expression(exp.Quantile, this=params[0], quantile=this) 246 return self.expression(exp.Quantile, this=this, quantile=exp.Literal.number(0.5)) 247 248 def _parse_wrapped_id_vars( 249 self, optional: bool = False 250 ) -> t.List[t.Optional[exp.Expression]]: 251 return super()._parse_wrapped_id_vars(optional=True) 252 253 def _parse_primary_key( 254 self, wrapped_optional: bool = False, in_props: bool = False 255 ) -> exp.PrimaryKeyColumnConstraint | exp.PrimaryKey: 256 return super()._parse_primary_key( 257 wrapped_optional=wrapped_optional or in_props, in_props=in_props 258 ) 259 260 def _parse_on_property(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]: 261 index = self._index 262 if self._match_text_seq("CLUSTER"): 263 this = self._parse_id_var() 264 if this: 265 return self.expression(exp.OnCluster, this=this) 266 else: 267 self._retreat(index) 268 return None 269 270 class Generator(generator.Generator): 271 STRUCT_DELIMITER = ("(", ")") 272 273 TYPE_MAPPING = { 274 **generator.Generator.TYPE_MAPPING, 275 exp.DataType.Type.ARRAY: "Array", 276 exp.DataType.Type.BIGINT: "Int64", 277 exp.DataType.Type.DATETIME64: "DateTime64", 278 exp.DataType.Type.DOUBLE: "Float64", 279 exp.DataType.Type.FLOAT: "Float32", 280 exp.DataType.Type.INT: "Int32", 281 exp.DataType.Type.INT128: "Int128", 282 exp.DataType.Type.INT256: "Int256", 283 exp.DataType.Type.MAP: "Map", 284 exp.DataType.Type.NULLABLE: "Nullable", 285 exp.DataType.Type.SMALLINT: "Int16", 286 exp.DataType.Type.STRUCT: "Tuple", 287 exp.DataType.Type.TINYINT: "Int8", 288 exp.DataType.Type.UBIGINT: "UInt64", 289 exp.DataType.Type.UINT: "UInt32", 290 exp.DataType.Type.UINT128: "UInt128", 291 exp.DataType.Type.UINT256: "UInt256", 292 exp.DataType.Type.USMALLINT: "UInt16", 293 exp.DataType.Type.UTINYINT: "UInt8", 294 } 295 296 TRANSFORMS = { 297 **generator.Generator.TRANSFORMS, 298 exp.AnyValue: rename_func("any"), 299 exp.ApproxDistinct: rename_func("uniq"), 300 exp.Array: inline_array_sql, 301 exp.CastToStrType: rename_func("CAST"), 302 exp.Final: lambda self, e: f"{self.sql(e, 'this')} FINAL", 303 exp.Map: lambda self, e: _lower_func(var_map_sql(self, e)), 304 exp.PartitionedByProperty: lambda self, e: f"PARTITION BY {self.sql(e, 'this')}", 305 exp.Pivot: no_pivot_sql, 306 exp.Quantile: lambda self, e: self.func("quantile", e.args.get("quantile")) 307 + f"({self.sql(e, 'this')})", 308 exp.RegexpLike: lambda self, e: f"match({self.format_args(e.this, e.expression)})", 309 exp.StrPosition: lambda self, e: f"position({self.format_args(e.this, e.args.get('substr'), e.args.get('position'))})", 310 exp.VarMap: lambda self, e: _lower_func(var_map_sql(self, e)), 311 } 312 313 PROPERTIES_LOCATION = { 314 **generator.Generator.PROPERTIES_LOCATION, 315 exp.VolatileProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED, 316 exp.PartitionedByProperty: exp.Properties.Location.POST_SCHEMA, 317 exp.OnCluster: exp.Properties.Location.POST_NAME, 318 } 319 320 JOIN_HINTS = False 321 TABLE_HINTS = False 322 EXPLICIT_UNION = True 323 GROUPINGS_SEP = "" 324 325 # there's no list in docs, but it can be found in Clickhouse code 326 # see `ClickHouse/src/Parsers/ParserCreate*.cpp` 327 ON_CLUSTER_TARGETS = { 328 "DATABASE", 329 "TABLE", 330 "VIEW", 331 "DICTIONARY", 332 "INDEX", 333 "FUNCTION", 334 "NAMED COLLECTION", 335 } 336 337 def safeconcat_sql(self, expression: exp.SafeConcat) -> str: 338 # Clickhouse errors out if we try to cast a NULL value to TEXT 339 return self.func( 340 "CONCAT", 341 *[ 342 exp.func("if", e.is_(exp.null()), e, exp.cast(e, "text")) 343 for e in expression.expressions 344 ], 345 ) 346 347 def cte_sql(self, expression: exp.CTE) -> str: 348 if isinstance(expression.this, exp.Alias): 349 return self.sql(expression, "this") 350 351 return super().cte_sql(expression) 352 353 def after_limit_modifiers(self, expression: exp.Expression) -> t.List[str]: 354 return super().after_limit_modifiers(expression) + [ 355 self.seg("SETTINGS ") + self.expressions(expression, key="settings", flat=True) 356 if expression.args.get("settings") 357 else "", 358 self.seg("FORMAT ") + self.sql(expression, "format") 359 if expression.args.get("format") 360 else "", 361 ] 362 363 def parameterizedagg_sql(self, expression: exp.Anonymous) -> str: 364 params = self.expressions(expression, "params", flat=True) 365 return self.func(expression.name, *expression.expressions) + f"({params})" 366 367 def placeholder_sql(self, expression: exp.Placeholder) -> str: 368 return f"{{{expression.name}: {self.sql(expression, 'kind')}}}" 369 370 def oncluster_sql(self, expression: exp.OnCluster) -> str: 371 return f"ON CLUSTER {self.sql(expression, 'this')}" 372 373 def createable_sql( 374 self, 375 expression: exp.Create, 376 locations: dict[exp.Properties.Location, list[exp.Property]], 377 ) -> str: 378 kind = self.sql(expression, "kind").upper() 379 if kind in self.ON_CLUSTER_TARGETS and locations.get(exp.Properties.Location.POST_NAME): 380 this_name = self.sql(expression.this, "this") 381 this_properties = " ".join( 382 [self.sql(prop) for prop in locations[exp.Properties.Location.POST_NAME]] 383 ) 384 this_schema = self.schema_columns_sql(expression.this) 385 return f"{this_name}{self.sep()}{this_properties}{self.sep()}{this_schema}" 386 return super().createable_sql(expression, locations)
24class ClickHouse(Dialect): 25 NORMALIZE_FUNCTIONS: bool | str = False 26 NULL_ORDERING = "nulls_are_last" 27 STRICT_STRING_CONCAT = True 28 29 class Tokenizer(tokens.Tokenizer): 30 COMMENTS = ["--", "#", "#!", ("/*", "*/")] 31 IDENTIFIERS = ['"', "`"] 32 STRING_ESCAPES = ["'", "\\"] 33 BIT_STRINGS = [("0b", "")] 34 HEX_STRINGS = [("0x", ""), ("0X", "")] 35 36 KEYWORDS = { 37 **tokens.Tokenizer.KEYWORDS, 38 "ATTACH": TokenType.COMMAND, 39 "DATETIME64": TokenType.DATETIME64, 40 "DICTIONARY": TokenType.DICTIONARY, 41 "FINAL": TokenType.FINAL, 42 "FLOAT32": TokenType.FLOAT, 43 "FLOAT64": TokenType.DOUBLE, 44 "GLOBAL": TokenType.GLOBAL, 45 "INT128": TokenType.INT128, 46 "INT16": TokenType.SMALLINT, 47 "INT256": TokenType.INT256, 48 "INT32": TokenType.INT, 49 "INT64": TokenType.BIGINT, 50 "INT8": TokenType.TINYINT, 51 "MAP": TokenType.MAP, 52 "TUPLE": TokenType.STRUCT, 53 "UINT128": TokenType.UINT128, 54 "UINT16": TokenType.USMALLINT, 55 "UINT256": TokenType.UINT256, 56 "UINT32": TokenType.UINT, 57 "UINT64": TokenType.UBIGINT, 58 "UINT8": TokenType.UTINYINT, 59 } 60 61 class Parser(parser.Parser): 62 FUNCTIONS = { 63 **parser.Parser.FUNCTIONS, 64 "ANY": exp.AnyValue.from_arg_list, 65 "MAP": parse_var_map, 66 "MATCH": exp.RegexpLike.from_arg_list, 67 "UNIQ": exp.ApproxDistinct.from_arg_list, 68 } 69 70 FUNCTIONS_WITH_ALIASED_ARGS = {*parser.Parser.FUNCTIONS_WITH_ALIASED_ARGS, "TUPLE"} 71 72 FUNCTION_PARSERS = { 73 **parser.Parser.FUNCTION_PARSERS, 74 "QUANTILE": lambda self: self._parse_quantile(), 75 } 76 77 FUNCTION_PARSERS.pop("MATCH") 78 79 NO_PAREN_FUNCTION_PARSERS = parser.Parser.NO_PAREN_FUNCTION_PARSERS.copy() 80 NO_PAREN_FUNCTION_PARSERS.pop(TokenType.ANY) 81 82 RANGE_PARSERS = { 83 **parser.Parser.RANGE_PARSERS, 84 TokenType.GLOBAL: lambda self, this: self._match(TokenType.IN) 85 and self._parse_in(this, is_global=True), 86 } 87 88 # The PLACEHOLDER entry is popped because 1) it doesn't affect Clickhouse (it corresponds to 89 # the postgres-specific JSONBContains parser) and 2) it makes parsing the ternary op simpler. 90 COLUMN_OPERATORS = parser.Parser.COLUMN_OPERATORS.copy() 91 COLUMN_OPERATORS.pop(TokenType.PLACEHOLDER) 92 93 JOIN_KINDS = { 94 *parser.Parser.JOIN_KINDS, 95 TokenType.ANY, 96 TokenType.ASOF, 97 TokenType.ANTI, 98 TokenType.SEMI, 99 } 100 101 TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS = {*parser.Parser.TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS} - { 102 TokenType.ANY, 103 TokenType.SEMI, 104 TokenType.ANTI, 105 TokenType.SETTINGS, 106 TokenType.FORMAT, 107 } 108 109 LOG_DEFAULTS_TO_LN = True 110 111 QUERY_MODIFIER_PARSERS = { 112 **parser.Parser.QUERY_MODIFIER_PARSERS, 113 "settings": lambda self: self._parse_csv(self._parse_conjunction) 114 if self._match(TokenType.SETTINGS) 115 else None, 116 "format": lambda self: self._parse_id_var() if self._match(TokenType.FORMAT) else None, 117 } 118 119 def _parse_conjunction(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]: 120 this = super()._parse_conjunction() 121 122 if self._match(TokenType.PLACEHOLDER): 123 return self.expression( 124 exp.If, 125 this=this, 126 true=self._parse_conjunction(), 127 false=self._match(TokenType.COLON) and self._parse_conjunction(), 128 ) 129 130 return this 131 132 def _parse_placeholder(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]: 133 """ 134 Parse a placeholder expression like SELECT {abc: UInt32} or FROM {table: Identifier} 135 https://clickhouse.com/docs/en/sql-reference/syntax#defining-and-using-query-parameters 136 """ 137 if not self._match(TokenType.L_BRACE): 138 return None 139 140 this = self._parse_id_var() 141 self._match(TokenType.COLON) 142 kind = self._parse_types(check_func=False) or ( 143 self._match_text_seq("IDENTIFIER") and "Identifier" 144 ) 145 146 if not kind: 147 self.raise_error("Expecting a placeholder type or 'Identifier' for tables") 148 elif not self._match(TokenType.R_BRACE): 149 self.raise_error("Expecting }") 150 151 return self.expression(exp.Placeholder, this=this, kind=kind) 152 153 def _parse_in(self, this: t.Optional[exp.Expression], is_global: bool = False) -> exp.In: 154 this = super()._parse_in(this) 155 this.set("is_global", is_global) 156 return this 157 158 def _parse_table( 159 self, schema: bool = False, alias_tokens: t.Optional[t.Collection[TokenType]] = None 160 ) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]: 161 this = super()._parse_table(schema=schema, alias_tokens=alias_tokens) 162 163 if self._match(TokenType.FINAL): 164 this = self.expression(exp.Final, this=this) 165 166 return this 167 168 def _parse_position(self, haystack_first: bool = False) -> exp.StrPosition: 169 return super()._parse_position(haystack_first=True) 170 171 # https://clickhouse.com/docs/en/sql-reference/statements/select/with/ 172 def _parse_cte(self) -> exp.CTE: 173 index = self._index 174 try: 175 # WITH <identifier> AS <subquery expression> 176 return super()._parse_cte() 177 except ParseError: 178 # WITH <expression> AS <identifier> 179 self._retreat(index) 180 statement = self._parse_statement() 181 182 if statement and isinstance(statement.this, exp.Alias): 183 self.raise_error("Expected CTE to have alias") 184 185 return self.expression(exp.CTE, this=statement, alias=statement and statement.this) 186 187 def _parse_join_parts( 188 self, 189 ) -> t.Tuple[t.Optional[Token], t.Optional[Token], t.Optional[Token]]: 190 is_global = self._match(TokenType.GLOBAL) and self._prev 191 kind_pre = self._match_set(self.JOIN_KINDS, advance=False) and self._prev 192 193 if kind_pre: 194 kind = self._match_set(self.JOIN_KINDS) and self._prev 195 side = self._match_set(self.JOIN_SIDES) and self._prev 196 return is_global, side, kind 197 198 return ( 199 is_global, 200 self._match_set(self.JOIN_SIDES) and self._prev, 201 self._match_set(self.JOIN_KINDS) and self._prev, 202 ) 203 204 def _parse_join(self, skip_join_token: bool = False) -> t.Optional[exp.Join]: 205 join = super()._parse_join(skip_join_token) 206 207 if join: 208 join.set("global", join.args.pop("method", None)) 209 return join 210 211 def _parse_function( 212 self, functions: t.Optional[t.Dict[str, t.Callable]] = None, anonymous: bool = False 213 ) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]: 214 func = super()._parse_function(functions, anonymous) 215 216 if isinstance(func, exp.Anonymous): 217 params = self._parse_func_params(func) 218 219 if params: 220 return self.expression( 221 exp.ParameterizedAgg, 222 this=func.this, 223 expressions=func.expressions, 224 params=params, 225 ) 226 227 return func 228 229 def _parse_func_params( 230 self, this: t.Optional[exp.Func] = None 231 ) -> t.Optional[t.List[t.Optional[exp.Expression]]]: 232 if self._match_pair(TokenType.R_PAREN, TokenType.L_PAREN): 233 return self._parse_csv(self._parse_lambda) 234 235 if self._match(TokenType.L_PAREN): 236 params = self._parse_csv(self._parse_lambda) 237 self._match_r_paren(this) 238 return params 239 240 return None 241 242 def _parse_quantile(self) -> exp.Quantile: 243 this = self._parse_lambda() 244 params = self._parse_func_params() 245 if params: 246 return self.expression(exp.Quantile, this=params[0], quantile=this) 247 return self.expression(exp.Quantile, this=this, quantile=exp.Literal.number(0.5)) 248 249 def _parse_wrapped_id_vars( 250 self, optional: bool = False 251 ) -> t.List[t.Optional[exp.Expression]]: 252 return super()._parse_wrapped_id_vars(optional=True) 253 254 def _parse_primary_key( 255 self, wrapped_optional: bool = False, in_props: bool = False 256 ) -> exp.PrimaryKeyColumnConstraint | exp.PrimaryKey: 257 return super()._parse_primary_key( 258 wrapped_optional=wrapped_optional or in_props, in_props=in_props 259 ) 260 261 def _parse_on_property(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]: 262 index = self._index 263 if self._match_text_seq("CLUSTER"): 264 this = self._parse_id_var() 265 if this: 266 return self.expression(exp.OnCluster, this=this) 267 else: 268 self._retreat(index) 269 return None 270 271 class Generator(generator.Generator): 272 STRUCT_DELIMITER = ("(", ")") 273 274 TYPE_MAPPING = { 275 **generator.Generator.TYPE_MAPPING, 276 exp.DataType.Type.ARRAY: "Array", 277 exp.DataType.Type.BIGINT: "Int64", 278 exp.DataType.Type.DATETIME64: "DateTime64", 279 exp.DataType.Type.DOUBLE: "Float64", 280 exp.DataType.Type.FLOAT: "Float32", 281 exp.DataType.Type.INT: "Int32", 282 exp.DataType.Type.INT128: "Int128", 283 exp.DataType.Type.INT256: "Int256", 284 exp.DataType.Type.MAP: "Map", 285 exp.DataType.Type.NULLABLE: "Nullable", 286 exp.DataType.Type.SMALLINT: "Int16", 287 exp.DataType.Type.STRUCT: "Tuple", 288 exp.DataType.Type.TINYINT: "Int8", 289 exp.DataType.Type.UBIGINT: "UInt64", 290 exp.DataType.Type.UINT: "UInt32", 291 exp.DataType.Type.UINT128: "UInt128", 292 exp.DataType.Type.UINT256: "UInt256", 293 exp.DataType.Type.USMALLINT: "UInt16", 294 exp.DataType.Type.UTINYINT: "UInt8", 295 } 296 297 TRANSFORMS = { 298 **generator.Generator.TRANSFORMS, 299 exp.AnyValue: rename_func("any"), 300 exp.ApproxDistinct: rename_func("uniq"), 301 exp.Array: inline_array_sql, 302 exp.CastToStrType: rename_func("CAST"), 303 exp.Final: lambda self, e: f"{self.sql(e, 'this')} FINAL", 304 exp.Map: lambda self, e: _lower_func(var_map_sql(self, e)), 305 exp.PartitionedByProperty: lambda self, e: f"PARTITION BY {self.sql(e, 'this')}", 306 exp.Pivot: no_pivot_sql, 307 exp.Quantile: lambda self, e: self.func("quantile", e.args.get("quantile")) 308 + f"({self.sql(e, 'this')})", 309 exp.RegexpLike: lambda self, e: f"match({self.format_args(e.this, e.expression)})", 310 exp.StrPosition: lambda self, e: f"position({self.format_args(e.this, e.args.get('substr'), e.args.get('position'))})", 311 exp.VarMap: lambda self, e: _lower_func(var_map_sql(self, e)), 312 } 313 314 PROPERTIES_LOCATION = { 315 **generator.Generator.PROPERTIES_LOCATION, 316 exp.VolatileProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED, 317 exp.PartitionedByProperty: exp.Properties.Location.POST_SCHEMA, 318 exp.OnCluster: exp.Properties.Location.POST_NAME, 319 } 320 321 JOIN_HINTS = False 322 TABLE_HINTS = False 323 EXPLICIT_UNION = True 324 GROUPINGS_SEP = "" 325 326 # there's no list in docs, but it can be found in Clickhouse code 327 # see `ClickHouse/src/Parsers/ParserCreate*.cpp` 328 ON_CLUSTER_TARGETS = { 329 "DATABASE", 330 "TABLE", 331 "VIEW", 332 "DICTIONARY", 333 "INDEX", 334 "FUNCTION", 335 "NAMED COLLECTION", 336 } 337 338 def safeconcat_sql(self, expression: exp.SafeConcat) -> str: 339 # Clickhouse errors out if we try to cast a NULL value to TEXT 340 return self.func( 341 "CONCAT", 342 *[ 343 exp.func("if", e.is_(exp.null()), e, exp.cast(e, "text")) 344 for e in expression.expressions 345 ], 346 ) 347 348 def cte_sql(self, expression: exp.CTE) -> str: 349 if isinstance(expression.this, exp.Alias): 350 return self.sql(expression, "this") 351 352 return super().cte_sql(expression) 353 354 def after_limit_modifiers(self, expression: exp.Expression) -> t.List[str]: 355 return super().after_limit_modifiers(expression) + [ 356 self.seg("SETTINGS ") + self.expressions(expression, key="settings", flat=True) 357 if expression.args.get("settings") 358 else "", 359 self.seg("FORMAT ") + self.sql(expression, "format") 360 if expression.args.get("format") 361 else "", 362 ] 363 364 def parameterizedagg_sql(self, expression: exp.Anonymous) -> str: 365 params = self.expressions(expression, "params", flat=True) 366 return self.func(expression.name, *expression.expressions) + f"({params})" 367 368 def placeholder_sql(self, expression: exp.Placeholder) -> str: 369 return f"{{{expression.name}: {self.sql(expression, 'kind')}}}" 370 371 def oncluster_sql(self, expression: exp.OnCluster) -> str: 372 return f"ON CLUSTER {self.sql(expression, 'this')}" 373 374 def createable_sql( 375 self, 376 expression: exp.Create, 377 locations: dict[exp.Properties.Location, list[exp.Property]], 378 ) -> str: 379 kind = self.sql(expression, "kind").upper() 380 if kind in self.ON_CLUSTER_TARGETS and locations.get(exp.Properties.Location.POST_NAME): 381 this_name = self.sql(expression.this, "this") 382 this_properties = " ".join( 383 [self.sql(prop) for prop in locations[exp.Properties.Location.POST_NAME]] 384 ) 385 this_schema = self.schema_columns_sql(expression.this) 386 return f"{this_name}{self.sep()}{this_properties}{self.sep()}{this_schema}" 387 return super().createable_sql(expression, locations)
29 class Tokenizer(tokens.Tokenizer): 30 COMMENTS = ["--", "#", "#!", ("/*", "*/")] 31 IDENTIFIERS = ['"', "`"] 32 STRING_ESCAPES = ["'", "\\"] 33 BIT_STRINGS = [("0b", "")] 34 HEX_STRINGS = [("0x", ""), ("0X", "")] 35 36 KEYWORDS = { 37 **tokens.Tokenizer.KEYWORDS, 38 "ATTACH": TokenType.COMMAND, 39 "DATETIME64": TokenType.DATETIME64, 40 "DICTIONARY": TokenType.DICTIONARY, 41 "FINAL": TokenType.FINAL, 42 "FLOAT32": TokenType.FLOAT, 43 "FLOAT64": TokenType.DOUBLE, 44 "GLOBAL": TokenType.GLOBAL, 45 "INT128": TokenType.INT128, 46 "INT16": TokenType.SMALLINT, 47 "INT256": TokenType.INT256, 48 "INT32": TokenType.INT, 49 "INT64": TokenType.BIGINT, 50 "INT8": TokenType.TINYINT, 51 "MAP": TokenType.MAP, 52 "TUPLE": TokenType.STRUCT, 53 "UINT128": TokenType.UINT128, 54 "UINT16": TokenType.USMALLINT, 55 "UINT256": TokenType.UINT256, 56 "UINT32": TokenType.UINT, 57 "UINT64": TokenType.UBIGINT, 58 "UINT8": TokenType.UTINYINT, 59 }
Inherited Members
61 class Parser(parser.Parser): 62 FUNCTIONS = { 63 **parser.Parser.FUNCTIONS, 64 "ANY": exp.AnyValue.from_arg_list, 65 "MAP": parse_var_map, 66 "MATCH": exp.RegexpLike.from_arg_list, 67 "UNIQ": exp.ApproxDistinct.from_arg_list, 68 } 69 70 FUNCTIONS_WITH_ALIASED_ARGS = {*parser.Parser.FUNCTIONS_WITH_ALIASED_ARGS, "TUPLE"} 71 72 FUNCTION_PARSERS = { 73 **parser.Parser.FUNCTION_PARSERS, 74 "QUANTILE": lambda self: self._parse_quantile(), 75 } 76 77 FUNCTION_PARSERS.pop("MATCH") 78 79 NO_PAREN_FUNCTION_PARSERS = parser.Parser.NO_PAREN_FUNCTION_PARSERS.copy() 80 NO_PAREN_FUNCTION_PARSERS.pop(TokenType.ANY) 81 82 RANGE_PARSERS = { 83 **parser.Parser.RANGE_PARSERS, 84 TokenType.GLOBAL: lambda self, this: self._match(TokenType.IN) 85 and self._parse_in(this, is_global=True), 86 } 87 88 # The PLACEHOLDER entry is popped because 1) it doesn't affect Clickhouse (it corresponds to 89 # the postgres-specific JSONBContains parser) and 2) it makes parsing the ternary op simpler. 90 COLUMN_OPERATORS = parser.Parser.COLUMN_OPERATORS.copy() 91 COLUMN_OPERATORS.pop(TokenType.PLACEHOLDER) 92 93 JOIN_KINDS = { 94 *parser.Parser.JOIN_KINDS, 95 TokenType.ANY, 96 TokenType.ASOF, 97 TokenType.ANTI, 98 TokenType.SEMI, 99 } 100 101 TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS = {*parser.Parser.TABLE_ALIAS_TOKENS} - { 102 TokenType.ANY, 103 TokenType.SEMI, 104 TokenType.ANTI, 105 TokenType.SETTINGS, 106 TokenType.FORMAT, 107 } 108 109 LOG_DEFAULTS_TO_LN = True 110 111 QUERY_MODIFIER_PARSERS = { 112 **parser.Parser.QUERY_MODIFIER_PARSERS, 113 "settings": lambda self: self._parse_csv(self._parse_conjunction) 114 if self._match(TokenType.SETTINGS) 115 else None, 116 "format": lambda self: self._parse_id_var() if self._match(TokenType.FORMAT) else None, 117 } 118 119 def _parse_conjunction(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]: 120 this = super()._parse_conjunction() 121 122 if self._match(TokenType.PLACEHOLDER): 123 return self.expression( 124 exp.If, 125 this=this, 126 true=self._parse_conjunction(), 127 false=self._match(TokenType.COLON) and self._parse_conjunction(), 128 ) 129 130 return this 131 132 def _parse_placeholder(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]: 133 """ 134 Parse a placeholder expression like SELECT {abc: UInt32} or FROM {table: Identifier} 135 https://clickhouse.com/docs/en/sql-reference/syntax#defining-and-using-query-parameters 136 """ 137 if not self._match(TokenType.L_BRACE): 138 return None 139 140 this = self._parse_id_var() 141 self._match(TokenType.COLON) 142 kind = self._parse_types(check_func=False) or ( 143 self._match_text_seq("IDENTIFIER") and "Identifier" 144 ) 145 146 if not kind: 147 self.raise_error("Expecting a placeholder type or 'Identifier' for tables") 148 elif not self._match(TokenType.R_BRACE): 149 self.raise_error("Expecting }") 150 151 return self.expression(exp.Placeholder, this=this, kind=kind) 152 153 def _parse_in(self, this: t.Optional[exp.Expression], is_global: bool = False) -> exp.In: 154 this = super()._parse_in(this) 155 this.set("is_global", is_global) 156 return this 157 158 def _parse_table( 159 self, schema: bool = False, alias_tokens: t.Optional[t.Collection[TokenType]] = None 160 ) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]: 161 this = super()._parse_table(schema=schema, alias_tokens=alias_tokens) 162 163 if self._match(TokenType.FINAL): 164 this = self.expression(exp.Final, this=this) 165 166 return this 167 168 def _parse_position(self, haystack_first: bool = False) -> exp.StrPosition: 169 return super()._parse_position(haystack_first=True) 170 171 # https://clickhouse.com/docs/en/sql-reference/statements/select/with/ 172 def _parse_cte(self) -> exp.CTE: 173 index = self._index 174 try: 175 # WITH <identifier> AS <subquery expression> 176 return super()._parse_cte() 177 except ParseError: 178 # WITH <expression> AS <identifier> 179 self._retreat(index) 180 statement = self._parse_statement() 181 182 if statement and isinstance(statement.this, exp.Alias): 183 self.raise_error("Expected CTE to have alias") 184 185 return self.expression(exp.CTE, this=statement, alias=statement and statement.this) 186 187 def _parse_join_parts( 188 self, 189 ) -> t.Tuple[t.Optional[Token], t.Optional[Token], t.Optional[Token]]: 190 is_global = self._match(TokenType.GLOBAL) and self._prev 191 kind_pre = self._match_set(self.JOIN_KINDS, advance=False) and self._prev 192 193 if kind_pre: 194 kind = self._match_set(self.JOIN_KINDS) and self._prev 195 side = self._match_set(self.JOIN_SIDES) and self._prev 196 return is_global, side, kind 197 198 return ( 199 is_global, 200 self._match_set(self.JOIN_SIDES) and self._prev, 201 self._match_set(self.JOIN_KINDS) and self._prev, 202 ) 203 204 def _parse_join(self, skip_join_token: bool = False) -> t.Optional[exp.Join]: 205 join = super()._parse_join(skip_join_token) 206 207 if join: 208 join.set("global", join.args.pop("method", None)) 209 return join 210 211 def _parse_function( 212 self, functions: t.Optional[t.Dict[str, t.Callable]] = None, anonymous: bool = False 213 ) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]: 214 func = super()._parse_function(functions, anonymous) 215 216 if isinstance(func, exp.Anonymous): 217 params = self._parse_func_params(func) 218 219 if params: 220 return self.expression( 221 exp.ParameterizedAgg, 222 this=func.this, 223 expressions=func.expressions, 224 params=params, 225 ) 226 227 return func 228 229 def _parse_func_params( 230 self, this: t.Optional[exp.Func] = None 231 ) -> t.Optional[t.List[t.Optional[exp.Expression]]]: 232 if self._match_pair(TokenType.R_PAREN, TokenType.L_PAREN): 233 return self._parse_csv(self._parse_lambda) 234 235 if self._match(TokenType.L_PAREN): 236 params = self._parse_csv(self._parse_lambda) 237 self._match_r_paren(this) 238 return params 239 240 return None 241 242 def _parse_quantile(self) -> exp.Quantile: 243 this = self._parse_lambda() 244 params = self._parse_func_params() 245 if params: 246 return self.expression(exp.Quantile, this=params[0], quantile=this) 247 return self.expression(exp.Quantile, this=this, quantile=exp.Literal.number(0.5)) 248 249 def _parse_wrapped_id_vars( 250 self, optional: bool = False 251 ) -> t.List[t.Optional[exp.Expression]]: 252 return super()._parse_wrapped_id_vars(optional=True) 253 254 def _parse_primary_key( 255 self, wrapped_optional: bool = False, in_props: bool = False 256 ) -> exp.PrimaryKeyColumnConstraint | exp.PrimaryKey: 257 return super()._parse_primary_key( 258 wrapped_optional=wrapped_optional or in_props, in_props=in_props 259 ) 260 261 def _parse_on_property(self) -> t.Optional[exp.Expression]: 262 index = self._index 263 if self._match_text_seq("CLUSTER"): 264 this = self._parse_id_var() 265 if this: 266 return self.expression(exp.OnCluster, this=this) 267 else: 268 self._retreat(index) 269 return None
Parser consumes a list of tokens produced by the Tokenizer and produces a parsed syntax tree.
Arguments:
- error_level: The desired error level. Default: ErrorLevel.IMMEDIATE
- error_message_context: Determines the amount of context to capture from a query string when displaying the error message (in number of characters). Default: 100
- max_errors: Maximum number of error messages to include in a raised ParseError. This is only relevant if error_level is ErrorLevel.RAISE. Default: 3
Inherited Members
271 class Generator(generator.Generator): 272 STRUCT_DELIMITER = ("(", ")") 273 274 TYPE_MAPPING = { 275 **generator.Generator.TYPE_MAPPING, 276 exp.DataType.Type.ARRAY: "Array", 277 exp.DataType.Type.BIGINT: "Int64", 278 exp.DataType.Type.DATETIME64: "DateTime64", 279 exp.DataType.Type.DOUBLE: "Float64", 280 exp.DataType.Type.FLOAT: "Float32", 281 exp.DataType.Type.INT: "Int32", 282 exp.DataType.Type.INT128: "Int128", 283 exp.DataType.Type.INT256: "Int256", 284 exp.DataType.Type.MAP: "Map", 285 exp.DataType.Type.NULLABLE: "Nullable", 286 exp.DataType.Type.SMALLINT: "Int16", 287 exp.DataType.Type.STRUCT: "Tuple", 288 exp.DataType.Type.TINYINT: "Int8", 289 exp.DataType.Type.UBIGINT: "UInt64", 290 exp.DataType.Type.UINT: "UInt32", 291 exp.DataType.Type.UINT128: "UInt128", 292 exp.DataType.Type.UINT256: "UInt256", 293 exp.DataType.Type.USMALLINT: "UInt16", 294 exp.DataType.Type.UTINYINT: "UInt8", 295 } 296 297 TRANSFORMS = { 298 **generator.Generator.TRANSFORMS, 299 exp.AnyValue: rename_func("any"), 300 exp.ApproxDistinct: rename_func("uniq"), 301 exp.Array: inline_array_sql, 302 exp.CastToStrType: rename_func("CAST"), 303 exp.Final: lambda self, e: f"{self.sql(e, 'this')} FINAL", 304 exp.Map: lambda self, e: _lower_func(var_map_sql(self, e)), 305 exp.PartitionedByProperty: lambda self, e: f"PARTITION BY {self.sql(e, 'this')}", 306 exp.Pivot: no_pivot_sql, 307 exp.Quantile: lambda self, e: self.func("quantile", e.args.get("quantile")) 308 + f"({self.sql(e, 'this')})", 309 exp.RegexpLike: lambda self, e: f"match({self.format_args(e.this, e.expression)})", 310 exp.StrPosition: lambda self, e: f"position({self.format_args(e.this, e.args.get('substr'), e.args.get('position'))})", 311 exp.VarMap: lambda self, e: _lower_func(var_map_sql(self, e)), 312 } 313 314 PROPERTIES_LOCATION = { 315 **generator.Generator.PROPERTIES_LOCATION, 316 exp.VolatileProperty: exp.Properties.Location.UNSUPPORTED, 317 exp.PartitionedByProperty: exp.Properties.Location.POST_SCHEMA, 318 exp.OnCluster: exp.Properties.Location.POST_NAME, 319 } 320 321 JOIN_HINTS = False 322 TABLE_HINTS = False 323 EXPLICIT_UNION = True 324 GROUPINGS_SEP = "" 325 326 # there's no list in docs, but it can be found in Clickhouse code 327 # see `ClickHouse/src/Parsers/ParserCreate*.cpp` 328 ON_CLUSTER_TARGETS = { 329 "DATABASE", 330 "TABLE", 331 "VIEW", 332 "DICTIONARY", 333 "INDEX", 334 "FUNCTION", 335 "NAMED COLLECTION", 336 } 337 338 def safeconcat_sql(self, expression: exp.SafeConcat) -> str: 339 # Clickhouse errors out if we try to cast a NULL value to TEXT 340 return self.func( 341 "CONCAT", 342 *[ 343 exp.func("if", e.is_(exp.null()), e, exp.cast(e, "text")) 344 for e in expression.expressions 345 ], 346 ) 347 348 def cte_sql(self, expression: exp.CTE) -> str: 349 if isinstance(expression.this, exp.Alias): 350 return self.sql(expression, "this") 351 352 return super().cte_sql(expression) 353 354 def after_limit_modifiers(self, expression: exp.Expression) -> t.List[str]: 355 return super().after_limit_modifiers(expression) + [ 356 self.seg("SETTINGS ") + self.expressions(expression, key="settings", flat=True) 357 if expression.args.get("settings") 358 else "", 359 self.seg("FORMAT ") + self.sql(expression, "format") 360 if expression.args.get("format") 361 else "", 362 ] 363 364 def parameterizedagg_sql(self, expression: exp.Anonymous) -> str: 365 params = self.expressions(expression, "params", flat=True) 366 return self.func(expression.name, *expression.expressions) + f"({params})" 367 368 def placeholder_sql(self, expression: exp.Placeholder) -> str: 369 return f"{{{expression.name}: {self.sql(expression, 'kind')}}}" 370 371 def oncluster_sql(self, expression: exp.OnCluster) -> str: 372 return f"ON CLUSTER {self.sql(expression, 'this')}" 373 374 def createable_sql( 375 self, 376 expression: exp.Create, 377 locations: dict[exp.Properties.Location, list[exp.Property]], 378 ) -> str: 379 kind = self.sql(expression, "kind").upper() 380 if kind in self.ON_CLUSTER_TARGETS and locations.get(exp.Properties.Location.POST_NAME): 381 this_name = self.sql(expression.this, "this") 382 this_properties = " ".join( 383 [self.sql(prop) for prop in locations[exp.Properties.Location.POST_NAME]] 384 ) 385 this_schema = self.schema_columns_sql(expression.this) 386 return f"{this_name}{self.sep()}{this_properties}{self.sep()}{this_schema}" 387 return super().createable_sql(expression, locations)
Generator converts a given syntax tree to the corresponding SQL string.
Arguments:
- pretty: Whether or not to format the produced SQL string. Default: False.
- identify: Determines when an identifier should be quoted. Possible values are: False (default): Never quote, except in cases where it's mandatory by the dialect. True or 'always': Always quote. 'safe': Only quote identifiers that are case insensitive.
- normalize: Whether or not to normalize identifiers to lowercase. Default: False.
- pad: Determines the pad size in a formatted string. Default: 2.
- indent: Determines the indentation size in a formatted string. Default: 2.
- normalize_functions: Whether or not to normalize all function names. Possible values are: "upper" or True (default): Convert names to uppercase. "lower": Convert names to lowercase. False: Disables function name normalization.
- unsupported_level: Determines the generator's behavior when it encounters unsupported expressions. Default ErrorLevel.WARN.
- max_unsupported: Maximum number of unsupported messages to include in a raised UnsupportedError. This is only relevant if unsupported_level is ErrorLevel.RAISE. Default: 3
- leading_comma: Determines whether or not the comma is leading or trailing in select expressions. This is only relevant when generating in pretty mode. Default: False
- max_text_width: The max number of characters in a segment before creating new lines in pretty mode. The default is on the smaller end because the length only represents a segment and not the true line length. Default: 80
- comments: Whether or not to preserve comments in the output SQL code. Default: True
354 def after_limit_modifiers(self, expression: exp.Expression) -> t.List[str]: 355 return super().after_limit_modifiers(expression) + [ 356 self.seg("SETTINGS ") + self.expressions(expression, key="settings", flat=True) 357 if expression.args.get("settings") 358 else "", 359 self.seg("FORMAT ") + self.sql(expression, "format") 360 if expression.args.get("format") 361 else "", 362 ]
def
createable_sql( self, expression: sqlglot.expressions.Create, locations: dict[sqlglot.expressions.Properties.Location, list[sqlglot.expressions.Property]]) -> str:
374 def createable_sql( 375 self, 376 expression: exp.Create, 377 locations: dict[exp.Properties.Location, list[exp.Property]], 378 ) -> str: 379 kind = self.sql(expression, "kind").upper() 380 if kind in self.ON_CLUSTER_TARGETS and locations.get(exp.Properties.Location.POST_NAME): 381 this_name = self.sql(expression.this, "this") 382 this_properties = " ".join( 383 [self.sql(prop) for prop in locations[exp.Properties.Location.POST_NAME]] 384 ) 385 this_schema = self.schema_columns_sql(expression.this) 386 return f"{this_name}{self.sep()}{this_properties}{self.sep()}{this_schema}" 387 return super().createable_sql(expression, locations)
Inherited Members
- sqlglot.generator.Generator
- Generator
- generate
- unsupported
- sep
- seg
- pad_comment
- maybe_comment
- wrap
- no_identify
- normalize_func
- indent
- sql
- uncache_sql
- cache_sql
- characterset_sql
- column_sql
- columnposition_sql
- columndef_sql
- columnconstraint_sql
- autoincrementcolumnconstraint_sql
- compresscolumnconstraint_sql
- generatedasidentitycolumnconstraint_sql
- notnullcolumnconstraint_sql
- primarykeycolumnconstraint_sql
- uniquecolumnconstraint_sql
- create_sql
- clone_sql
- describe_sql
- prepend_ctes
- with_sql
- tablealias_sql
- bitstring_sql
- hexstring_sql
- bytestring_sql
- rawstring_sql
- datatypesize_sql
- datatype_sql
- directory_sql
- delete_sql
- drop_sql
- except_sql
- except_op
- fetch_sql
- filter_sql
- hint_sql
- index_sql
- identifier_sql
- inputoutputformat_sql
- national_sql
- partition_sql
- properties_sql
- root_properties
- properties
- with_properties
- locate_properties
- property_sql
- likeproperty_sql
- fallbackproperty_sql
- journalproperty_sql
- freespaceproperty_sql
- checksumproperty_sql
- mergeblockratioproperty_sql
- datablocksizeproperty_sql
- blockcompressionproperty_sql
- isolatedloadingproperty_sql
- lockingproperty_sql
- withdataproperty_sql
- insert_sql
- intersect_sql
- intersect_op
- introducer_sql
- pseudotype_sql
- onconflict_sql
- returning_sql
- rowformatdelimitedproperty_sql
- table_sql
- tablesample_sql
- pivot_sql
- tuple_sql
- update_sql
- values_sql
- var_sql
- into_sql
- from_sql
- group_sql
- having_sql
- join_sql
- lambda_sql
- lateral_sql
- limit_sql
- offset_sql
- setitem_sql
- set_sql
- pragma_sql
- lock_sql
- literal_sql
- loaddata_sql
- null_sql
- boolean_sql
- order_sql
- cluster_sql
- distribute_sql
- sort_sql
- ordered_sql
- matchrecognize_sql
- query_modifiers
- offset_limit_modifiers
- after_having_modifiers
- select_sql
- schema_sql
- schema_columns_sql
- star_sql
- parameter_sql
- sessionparameter_sql
- subquery_sql
- qualify_sql
- union_sql
- union_op
- unnest_sql
- where_sql
- window_sql
- partition_by_sql
- windowspec_sql
- withingroup_sql
- between_sql
- bracket_sql
- all_sql
- any_sql
- exists_sql
- case_sql
- constraint_sql
- nextvaluefor_sql
- extract_sql
- trim_sql
- check_sql
- foreignkey_sql
- primarykey_sql
- if_sql
- matchagainst_sql
- jsonkeyvalue_sql
- jsonobject_sql
- openjsoncolumndef_sql
- openjson_sql
- in_sql
- in_unnest_op
- interval_sql
- return_sql
- reference_sql
- anonymous_sql
- paren_sql
- neg_sql
- not_sql
- alias_sql
- aliases_sql
- attimezone_sql
- add_sql
- and_sql
- connector_sql
- bitwiseand_sql
- bitwiseleftshift_sql
- bitwisenot_sql
- bitwiseor_sql
- bitwiserightshift_sql
- bitwisexor_sql
- cast_sql
- currentdate_sql
- collate_sql
- command_sql
- comment_sql
- mergetreettlaction_sql
- mergetreettl_sql
- transaction_sql
- commit_sql
- rollback_sql
- altercolumn_sql
- renametable_sql
- altertable_sql
- droppartition_sql
- addconstraint_sql
- distinct_sql
- ignorenulls_sql
- respectnulls_sql
- intdiv_sql
- dpipe_sql
- safedpipe_sql
- div_sql
- overlaps_sql
- distance_sql
- dot_sql
- eq_sql
- escape_sql
- glob_sql
- gt_sql
- gte_sql
- ilike_sql
- ilikeany_sql
- is_sql
- like_sql
- likeany_sql
- similarto_sql
- lt_sql
- lte_sql
- mod_sql
- mul_sql
- neq_sql
- nullsafeeq_sql
- nullsafeneq_sql
- or_sql
- slice_sql
- sub_sql
- trycast_sql
- use_sql
- binary
- function_fallback_sql
- func
- format_args
- text_width
- format_time
- expressions
- op_expressions
- naked_property
- set_operation
- tag_sql
- token_sql
- userdefinedfunction_sql
- joinhint_sql
- kwarg_sql
- when_sql
- merge_sql
- tochar_sql
- dictproperty_sql
- dictrange_sql
- dictsubproperty_sql