Metadata-Version: 2.4
Name: idftool
Version: 0.5.0
Summary: Utility for flashing, provisioning, and interacting with Espressif SOCs running ESP-IDF
License-Expression: Apache-2.0
Project-URL: Source, https://github.com/nebkat/idftool
Requires-Python: >=3.10
Description-Content-Type: text/markdown
License-File: LICENSE.md
Requires-Dist: click>=8.1
Requires-Dist: rich-click>=1.8
Requires-Dist: esptool~=5.2.0
Requires-Dist: esp-idf-defs~=0.1.3
Requires-Dist: esp-idf-nvs-partition-gen~=0.2.0
Provides-Extra: test
Requires-Dist: pytest>=8; extra == "test"
Dynamic: license-file

# idftool

A CLI tool built on top of [`esptool`](https://github.com/espressif/esptool)
that is ESP-IDF partition aware.

## Why idftool?

`esptool` is a generic tool for flashing Espressif modules that works with
arbitrary flash addresses. It does not take into the ESP-IDF partition
table or OTA mechanism, making it unduly difficult to perform simple tasks
such as flashing a new firmware binary or pulling log data from a device -
especially when dealing with multiple devices/partition tables.

`idftool` offers:

- **Partition-name addressing.** Read, write, erase, or hex-dump a
  partition by name (`nvs`, `ota_0`, `storage`, …) — and grab slices of it
  with a `name[start:stop]` syntax.
- **OTA slot management.** Inspect the active slot, switch slots, or roll
  back to factory without hand-computing otadata offsets. `idftool list`
  marks the running OTA partition right in the table.
- **Improved safety features.** Writes are checked to ensure they do not
  overflow the target partition. Firmware binaries are checked to ensure
  compatibility with the chip being flashed.
- **Reproducible multi-binary flashing.** `create-bundle` packs multiple
  partition binaries into a single ZIP; optionally flashing a partition
  table. `write-bundle` reflashes the lot in one command.

## Installation

### pipx (recommended)

[pipx](https://pipx.pypa.io) installs idftool into an isolated environment and
puts it on your `PATH` automatically:

```bash
pipx install idftool
```

Install pipx first if you don't have it:

| Platform | Command |
|----------|---------|
| macOS | `brew install pipx` |
| Windows | `winget install python.pipx` |
| Linux / other | `pip install pipx` |

### Binary

If you don't have Python, download the pre-built binary from the
[Releases](https://github.com/nebkat/idftool/releases) page. Prefer the `-dir`
archive over the single-file download — it starts instantly rather than extracting
itself on each run.

## At a glance

```bash
$ idftool devices
/dev/cu.usbmodem1101 || USB JTAG/serial debug unit || USB VID:PID=303A:1001 SER=...

$ idftool list
| Name     | Type | Subtype  | Offset   | Size | App description |
|----------|------|----------|----------|------|-----------------|
| nvs      | data | nvs      | 0x9000   | 16K  |                 |
| otadata  | data | ota (A)  | 0xd000   | 8K   |                 |
| phy_init | data | phy      | 0xf000   | 4K   |                 |
| ota_0    | app  | ota_0    | 0x10000  | 1M   | my-app v1.0.0   |
| ota_1    | app  | ota_1    | 0x110000 | 1M   | my-app v1.1.0 * |
| storage  | data | spiffs   | 0x210000 | 1M   |                 |

# The trailing `*` marks the currently-active OTA app

$ idftool ota build/my-app.bin
Writing 'my-app v1.2.0' to partition 'ota_0'...
Setting boot partition to 'ota_0'...

$ idftool write nvs my-nvs.bin
Writing file my-nvs.bin (size=0x4000) to partition nvs (offset=0x9000, size=0x4000)

$ idftool set-boot ota_1
Setting boot partition to 'ota_1'...
```

---

## Command reference

| Command | Description |
|---------|-------------|
| **Discovery** | |
| [`devices`](#devices) | List serial ports with hardware IDs |
| [`list`](#print-table) | Print the partition table (alias of `print-table`) |
| **Partition I/O** | |
| [`read`](#read) | Read a partition (or slice) into a file |
| [`write`](#write) | Write one or more files to named partitions |
| [`erase`](#erase) | Erase a partition (or slice) |
| [`view`](#view) | Pretty-print a partition's contents |
| **Firmware** | |
| [`ota`](#ota) | Push an app to the next OTA slot and switch to it |
| [`factory`](#factory) | Flash an app to the factory partition |
| **Boot selection** | |
| [`get-boot`](#get-boot) | Show the currently-active OTA slot |
| [`set-boot`](#set-boot) | Force the next boot to a specific OTA partition |
| [`clear-boot`](#clear-boot) | Erase otadata and let the bootloader fall back |
| **Images** | |
| [`create-image`](#create-image) | Merge partition binaries into a single flash image |
| [`dump-image`](#dump-image) | Dump the entire flash to an image file |
| [`write-image`](#write-image-alias-reflash) | Write a full flash image to the device |
| [`print-image`](#print-image) | Print partition table and app info from a flash image file |
| **Bundles** | |
| [`create-bundle`](#create-bundle) | Pack partition images into a ZIP bundle |
| [`dump-bundle`](#dump-bundle) | Pack every partition from the device into a ZIP |
| [`write-bundle`](#write-bundle) | Flash every binary in a bundle ZIP |
| [`print-bundle`](#print-bundle) | Print partition table and app info from a bundle ZIP |
| **Partition table** | |
| [`convert-table`](#convert-table) | Convert a partition table file between CSV and binary |
| [`print-table`](#print-table) | Print a partition table from a CSV or binary file, or the device |
| [`dump-table`](#dump-table) | Read the partition table from the device into a file |
| [`write-table`](#write-table) | Flash a partition table from a CSV or binary file |
| **NVS** | |
| [`create-nvs`](#create-nvs) | Generate an NVS partition image from a CSV file |
| [`write-nvs`](#write-nvs) | Generate an NVS image from CSV and flash it |
| **Misc** | |
| [`enter-bootloader`](#enter-bootloader) | Drop the chip into ROM bootloader mode |

### Discovery

#### `devices`
List the serial ports the host can see, with their descriptions and USB
hardware IDs.
```text
idftool devices
```

### Partition I/O

#### `read`
Read a partition (or slice) into a file.
```text
idftool read nvs nvs.bin
idftool read 'storage[-0x1000:]' tail.bin
```

#### `write`
Write one or more files to named partitions. Arguments come in
`PARTITION FILENAME` pairs; you can repeat them to flash several
partitions atomically.
```text
idftool write ota_0 build/app.bin storage build/spiffs.bin
```

#### `erase`
Erase a partition (or slice of one).
```text
idftool erase nvs
```

#### `view`
Pretty-print a partition's contents. Hex dump by default; pass `-s` for
UTF-8 string mode and `-w` to tweak the dump width.
```text
idftool view nvs
idftool view nvs -w 32
idftool view nvs -s
```

### Firmware

#### `ota`
Push a new app image to the **next** OTA slot, then set it as the boot
slot. idftool figures out which slot is next from otadata, writes the
image, and bumps the OTA sequence counter — exactly what an OTA update
from the firmware would do, just over USB.
```text
idftool ota build/my-app.bin
```

#### `factory`
Write an app to the factory partition and erase otadata so the bootloader
falls back to factory on next boot. If the device has no factory
partition, the image is written to `ota_0` instead.
```text
idftool factory build/my-app.bin
```

### Boot selection

#### `get-boot`
Print which OTA slot the bootloader will run on the next reset, along
with the sequence number and OTA state.
```text
idftool get-boot
```

#### `set-boot`
Force the next boot to a specific OTA partition by name (e.g. `ota_0`,
`ota_1`).
```text
idftool set-boot ota_1
```

#### `clear-boot`
Erase the otadata partition. The bootloader's fallback then kicks in: if
a factory partition exists it boots factory, otherwise it boots `ota_0`.
The OTA app images themselves are left untouched.
```text
idftool clear-boot
```

### Images

An image is a single contiguous flash image — everything from the
primary bootloader through the partition table and partitions in one
file. Useful for archiving a known-good snapshot, recovering a bricked
device, or feeding production programmers that can't speak the esptool
protocol.

#### `create-image`
Combine partition images into a single contiguous flash image, offline,
from local files and a partition table.
```text
idftool --partition-table-file partitions.csv create-image \
  -o merged.img --flash-partition-table \
  ota_0 build/app.bin storage build/spiffs.bin
```

#### `dump-image`
Read the entire flash to an image file. If no output filename is given,
the file is named `{chip}-{mac}-{timestamp}.img` (e.g.
`esp32-s3-aabbccddeeff-20260522-143000.img`). Works even when the
on-device partition table is corrupted.
```text
idftool dump-image                 # auto-named
idftool dump-image my-backup.img
```

#### `write-image` (alias: `reflash`)
Erase the entire flash and rewrite it from a flash image. The
counterpart of `dump-image`.
```text
idftool write-image build/full-flash.img
```

#### `print-image`
Inspect a flash image file without touching a device: prints the
partition table embedded in the image and, for each app partition that
contains a valid app, the project name, version, IDF version, compile
time, ELF SHA256, and target chip.
```text
idftool print-image build/full-flash.img
```

### Bundles

A bundle is a plain ZIP file containing one `*.bin` per partition (named
after the partition) and, optionally, a `partition_table.csv`. Bundles
are useful for hand-off between build and flash steps and for archiving a
reproducible "this is what shipped" snapshot.

#### `create-bundle`
Pack partition images into a bundle ZIP. Pass `--flash-partition-table`
to embed the partition table CSV so `write-bundle` can also reflash it.
```text
idftool --partition-table-file partitions.csv create-bundle \
  -o release.zip --flash-partition-table \
  ota_0 build/app.bin storage build/spiffs.bin
```

#### `dump-bundle`
Read every partition from the device and pack them into a bundle ZIP,
always including `partition_table.csv`. If no output filename is given,
the file is named `{chip}-{mac}-{timestamp}.zip`.
```text
idftool dump-bundle                  # auto-named
idftool dump-bundle my-backup.zip
```

#### `write-bundle`
Flash every binary in a bundle ZIP. If the bundle contains
`partition_table.csv`, idftool uses it (and rewrites the on-device table
to match) instead of reading the table from flash.
```text
idftool write-bundle release.zip
```

#### `print-bundle`
Inspect a bundle ZIP without touching a device: prints the partition
table from the embedded `partition_table.csv` and, for each app
partition whose `.bin` is present in the bundle, the project name,
version, IDF version, compile time, ELF SHA256, and target chip.
```text
idftool print-bundle release.zip
```

### Partition table

These commands work directly on a partition table as a file — the table
is the subject, passed as a positional argument. This is distinct from the
global `--partition-table-file` option, which overrides the layout *other*
commands use to address partitions by name. Input format (CSV or binary)
is auto-detected; output format is inferred from the file extension
(`.csv`/`.bin`) or set with `--format`.

When the input is a CSV that includes a bootloader row, pass
`--primary-bootloader-offset` (an offset or a chip name, e.g. `esp32s3`)
so the offset can be resolved.

#### `convert-table`
Convert a partition table between CSV and binary, offline. Handles both
directions; the binary output includes the MD5 checksum and padding, so it
is ready to flash or embed in an image.
```text
idftool convert-table partitions.csv partitions.bin
idftool convert-table partitions.bin partitions.csv
idftool --primary-bootloader-offset esp32s3 convert-table partitions.csv partitions.bin
```

#### `print-table`
Pretty-print a partition table. Given a CSV or binary file it runs offline;
with no file it reads the table from the device (or from
`--partition-table-file`). With a connected ESP, idftool also reads the
application descriptor of every app partition (project name, version) and
marks the currently-active OTA slot with a trailing `*`; the selected otadata
copy is shown next to the otadata partition's subtype (`ota (A)`, `ota (B)`,
or `ota (invalid)` when otadata is erased).

Aliased as `list`.
```text
idftool print-table partitions.bin        # from a file, offline
idftool print-table                        # from the device
idftool list                               # same thing
idftool --partition-table-file partitions.csv print-table
```

#### `dump-table`
Read the partition table from the connected device and save it. Defaults to
CSV with an auto-generated filename; pass an output file or `--format` to
choose otherwise.
```text
idftool dump-table                       # auto-named .csv
idftool dump-table backup.bin
idftool dump-table backup.csv --format csv
```

#### `write-table`
Flash a partition table from a CSV or binary file to the device. The file is
required, so this never reads the device's current table and writes it back
to itself — use `dump-table` to pull the current table. The table is verified
before flashing (override with `--force`).

Only the partition map (at the partition table offset) is replaced; existing
partition **data** on flash is not moved, resized, or erased, so a table that
no longer matches the flash contents can make the device unbootable.
```text
idftool write-table partitions.csv
idftool write-table partitions.bin --force
```

### NVS

idftool can generate a binary NVS (Non-Volatile Storage) partition image
from a CSV file, using the same format as ESP-IDF's
[`nvs_partition_gen.py`](https://docs.espressif.com/projects/esp-idf/en/latest/api-reference/storage/nvs_partition_gen.html).

Example CSV:
```csv
key,type,encoding,value
storage,namespace,,
device_name,data,string,My Device
device_id,data,u32,12345
api_key,data,string,abc123def456
```

#### `create-nvs`
Generate an NVS partition image from a CSV file, offline. Requires either
`--size` (explicit partition size) or `--partition` (look up the size from
the partition table — needs `--partition-table-file` or a device).
```text
idftool create-nvs nvs.csv -o nvs.bin --size 0x6000
idftool --partition-table-file partitions.csv create-nvs nvs.csv -o nvs.bin --partition nvs
```

#### `write-nvs`
Generate an NVS partition image from a CSV file and flash it to the named
partition on the device.
```text
idftool write-nvs nvs nvs.csv
```

### Misc

#### `enter-bootloader`
Wait for a serial port to appear, then run the BOOT0+RESET dance to drop
the chip into the ROM bootloader (a.k.a. firmware download mode) — and
exit immediately, leaving the device parked for whatever tool you want to
hand it off to. The port path is polled at 50 ms intervals, and transient
errors (e.g. `termios.error: Device not configured` from a tty node that
isn't fully settled) are retried silently.
```text
idftool -p /dev/cu.usbmodem1101 enter-bootloader
```
Requires `-p`/`--port`.

--

## Global options

These flags apply to every subcommand and go **before** the command name:

| Flag | Purpose |
|------|---------|
| `-p`, `--port PATH` | Serial port device. If omitted, idftool auto-picks one. |
| `-b`, `--baud N` | Serial baud rate (defaults to esptool's ROM baud, 115200). |
| `--no-reset` | Skip the hard reset that normally happens after a command. |
| `--partition-table-file PATH` | Use a CSV or binary partition table from disk instead of reading it off the device. |
| `--partition-table-offset OFFSET` | Where to expect the partition table in flash (default `0x8000`). |
| `--partition-table-size SIZE` | Size of the partition table region (default `0x1000`). |
| `--primary-bootloader-offset OFFSET` | Primary bootloader offset, or a chip name like `esp32s3` to pick a default. Only needed when addressing the `bootloader` partition by name in **offline** mode (`--partition-table-file` with no device); auto-detected from a connected chip otherwise. |
| `--recovery-bootloader-offset OFFSET` | Recovery bootloader offset; same scope as `--primary-bootloader-offset`. |

The commands `list`, `merge-bin`, and `create-bundle` will work **without**
a device when you supply `--partition-table-file`; everything else needs a
connected ESP.

## Partition addressing

Wherever a command takes a `partition` argument you can pass:

- A **name** from the partition table (`nvs`, `ota_0`, `storage`, …).
- A **numeric address** that matches an existing partition's start
  offset exactly — equivalent to looking the partition up by name, just
  keyed on its address.
- An **offset into a partition**: `name[offset]`. Negative values count
  from the end. Sets the starting point for the operation. Accepted by
  `write` and `merge-bin`.
- A **slice of a partition**: `name[start:stop]`. Negative values count
  from the end, and a `+N` stop is a length relative to `start`.
  Accepted by `read`, `erase`, and `view`. Examples:
  - `nvs[0:0x100]` — first 256 bytes of `nvs`
  - `storage[-0x1000:]` — last 4 KiB of `storage`
  - `ota_0[0x1000:+0x800]` — 2 KiB starting 4 KiB into `ota_0`

All numeric values in addresses, offsets, and sizes accept either
decimal (`4096`) or hex (`0x1000`).
