# CloudMesh Platform — Technical Architecture Specification
## Version 2.1 | Approved: December 2024 | Owner: Platform Engineering

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## 1. Overview

CloudMesh is a distributed multi-tenant data platform serving 850+ enterprise clients
across 34 countries. The platform processes **2.4 petabytes** of data per month across
12 regional clusters. Core SLA guarantees **99.95% uptime** with a maximum RTO of 15 minutes.

---

## 2. Architecture Components

### 2.1 Ingestion Layer

| Component | Technology | Throughput | Latency | Instances |
|-----------|------------|------------|---------|-----------|
| Stream Ingestor | Apache Kafka 3.6 | 850 MB/s | < 50ms | 24 |
| Batch Loader | Apache Spark 3.5 | 4.2 TB/hr | N/A | 48 workers |
| CDC Connector | Debezium 2.4 | 120k events/s | < 100ms | 8 |
| API Gateway | Kong 3.4 | 180k req/s | < 20ms | 6 |

### 2.2 Processing Layer

| Service | Language | Instances | CPU Cores | Memory | Auto-scale |
|---------|----------|-----------|-----------|--------|------------|
| Transform Engine | Python 3.11 | 36 | 8 | 32 GB | Yes (up to 120) |
| ML Inference | Python 3.11 | 12 | 16 | 64 GB | Yes (up to 48) |
| Rule Engine | Go 1.21 | 48 | 4 | 16 GB | Yes (up to 200) |
| Aggregation Service | Java 21 | 18 | 8 | 48 GB | No |

### 2.3 Storage Layer

| Store | Technology | Capacity | Replication | Backup Freq |
|-------|------------|----------|-------------|-------------|
| Hot Storage | Apache Cassandra 4.1 | 480 TB | 3x | Continuous |
| Warm Storage | Apache Parquet on S3 | 8 PB | 2x | Hourly |
| Cold Archive | Glacier Deep Archive | Unlimited | 1x | Daily |
| Cache | Redis 7.2 | 2 TB | 2x | N/A |
| Search Index | Elasticsearch 8.11 | 120 TB | 2x | Hourly |

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## 3. Security Controls

### 3.1 Encryption Standards

All data encrypted at rest with **AES-256-GCM** and in transit with **TLS 1.3**.
Key rotation occurs every **90 days** automatically. HSMs are used for root key storage
in all primary regions.

### 3.2 Compliance Certifications

| Certification | Scope | Last Audit | Next Audit | Auditor |
|---------------|-------|------------|------------|---------|
| SOC 2 Type II | All services | June 2024 | June 2025 | Deloitte |
| ISO 27001 | Data platform | March 2024 | March 2026 | BSI Group |
| PCI DSS Level 1 | Payment flows | August 2024 | August 2025 | Coalfire |
| HIPAA | Health data module | November 2024 | November 2025 | A-LIGN |
| GDPR | EU data processing | Ongoing | N/A | Internal DPO |

---

## 4. Disaster Recovery

Recovery objectives by tier:

| Tier | Service Examples | RTO | RPO | DR Strategy |
|------|-----------------|-----|-----|-------------|
| Tier 0 | Auth, API Gateway | 5 min | 0 min | Active-Active |
| Tier 1 | Core pipeline, ingestion | 15 min | 1 min | Active-Passive |
| Tier 2 | ML inference, analytics | 1 hr | 15 min | Warm standby |
| Tier 3 | Reporting, exports | 4 hr | 1 hr | Cold standby |

DR failover is tested quarterly. Last full failover test: **November 12, 2024**.
Result: 12-minute recovery for Tier 1 services (within SLA).

---

## 5. Cost Structure (FY2024)

| Category | Annual Cost ($M) | % of Total | YoY Change |
|----------|-----------------|------------|------------|
| Compute | 38.4 | 42.1% | +18% |
| Storage | 21.7 | 23.8% | +31% |
| Network egress | 12.3 | 13.5% | +12% |
| Licensing | 9.8 | 10.7% | +5% |
| Support & ops | 9.0 | 9.9% | +22% |
| **TOTAL** | **91.2** | **100%** | **+20%** |

---

## 6. Deployment Pipeline

```bash
# Standard deployment flow
git push origin main          # triggers CI
pytest --cov=90               # coverage gate
docker build -t cloudmesh:$SHA .
trivy image cloudmesh:$SHA    # security scan
helm upgrade cloudmesh ./chart --set image.tag=$SHA
kubectl rollout status deployment/cloudmesh
```

Deployment frequency: **14.3 deployments/week** average in 2024.
Mean time to deploy: **8 minutes**. Rollback time: **< 3 minutes**.
