Carefully transcribe the text for this pdf into a text file with
markdown annotations.

IMPORTANT: Prefix every output line with its line number followed by a
pipe character (no trailing space), e.g.:
  1|# Heading
  2|
  3|Some paragraph text here.
Start numbering at 1. This is required for all output.

**The final output must be formatted as text that visually
mimics in markdown the layout and hierarchy of the original PDF
when rendered (ignoring the line-number prefixes).**

* Do not include headers or footers that are repeated on each page.
* Do not include page numbers.
* Preserve the reading order of the text as it appears in the PDF.
* Remove hyphens that break words at the end of lines.
  * e.g. "uti- lized" -> "utilized"
* Use Markdown headings (`#`, `##`, `###`) to reflect the size and
  hierarchy of titles and subtitles in the PDF.
* Ensure that there are blank lines before and after headings, lists,
  tables, and images.
* End each paragraph with a blank line.
* Do not break lines within paragraphs or headings.
* Render bullet points and numbered lettered lists as markdown lists.
  * It is ok to remove brackets and other consistent punctuation around
    list identifiers
    * e.g. "a)" -> "a."
* Use blockquotes for any sidebars or highlighted text.
* Bold all words and phrases that appear bolded in the original
  source material. Similarly, italicise all text in italics.
* Render tables as markdown, paying particular attention to copying
  identifiers exactly.
* Break text into paragraphs and lists exactly as they appear in
  the PDF.
* Preserve figure/chart captions verbatim — do not paraphrase, extend,
  or interleave them with descriptions. If useful context is only visible
  in the image (e.g. axis labels, legend entries, data values), add it
  as a separate paragraph after the caption.
* Convert bar charts into markdown tables where possible.
* Convert tables contained in images into markdown.
* Keep mathematical expressions as close to the PDF's own characters as
  possible — use the same Unicode symbols (×, ≥, α, β, etc.) rather than
  converting to LaTeX commands.
  * Only use LaTeX (`$...$` / `$$...$$`) for complex display equations
    with fractions, integrals, summations, or multi-level notation that
    cannot be represented legibly in plain text.
* Insert markers at the start of each page of the form `<!--page-->`
* Surround tables and figure descriptions with markers:
  * `<!--table-->` ... `<!--end-->`
  * `<!--figure-->` ... `<!--end-->`
