cplx_joukowski — MATH complex op

Data kinds: cpointscpoints

Call: import mathops; mathops.cplx_joukowski(z, c=1.0) (or opsmath.get("cplx_joukowski"))

Usage

Joukowski (Zhukovsky) conformal map `w = z + c^2 / z`.

The classical aerofoil map (Zhukovsky 1910): the circle `|z| = c` folds

onto the flat plate `[-2c, 2c] of the real axis (z = c e^(i t)` gives

`w = 2c cos t` — exact, and what the tests pin); a circle of radius

`R > c` centred at the origin maps to the ellipse with semi-axes

`R + c^2/R and R - c^2/R; and a circle through z = c` whose

centre is offset into the second quadrant maps to a cambered aerofoil with

a cusped trailing edge — the reason the map exists.

Conformal (angle-preserving) everywhere except at `z = ±c`, where the

derivative `1 - c^2/z^2` vanishes and angles are doubled — that is

what creates the cusp, and it is a property of the map, not a defect.

Raises `ValueError: a sample at z = 0` (the map's pole), a result

that overflowed (a sample so close to 0 that `c^2/z` leaves float64

range), a non-finite or non-positive-real *c*, plus the usual shape and

finiteness contracts.

HALCON: no operator (conformal maps are not part of its transform set).

Family-wide input contract (fail-closed)

Every mathops op validates its input before computing (nothing slips through silently):

• **complex input raises ValueError** — coercing to float64 silently discards the imaginary part (numpy only emits a ComplexWarning and returns a plausible-looking wrong real number). State .real/.imag/abs() explicitly, or use complexops, which handles complex data.

• **masked arrays with masked elements raise ValueError** — the implicit conversion that peels off the mask and uses the raw values underneath is refused. Say explicitly whether to fill or to drop.

• **NaN/Inf raises ValueError on every input** (refused with the count stated — it propagates through the whole result).

Shapes are strict: 1-D and 2-D are never implicitly promoted or broadcast (a matrix in a vector slot, or a vector in a matrix slot, raises ValueError; reshape explicitly).

Size cap: ops that take a matrix, and the stat_histogram bins, raise ValueError beyond mathops.MAX_ELEMENTS (2^26 ≈ 67 million elements).

Detailed usage guide

math_metrology family guide

References (sample data, literature)

• Sample-data catalog (download URLs / licences) — 2-D uses skimage.data (BSD/public domain) plus synthetic images; 3-D lists download URLs for real data sources (Stanford, PDS, …).

• Operator provenance and references — the sources of the research/methods this op family came from.

• The canonical algorithm (author, year) and its uses are named in the family usage guide above.

Runnable examples (verified samples that actually call this op)

math_complexpy -3.11 examples/math_complex.py

Ops the type connects to (they accept cpoints as input)

cplx_poly_eval · cplx_contour_integral · cplx_winding_number · cplx_cauchy_value · cplx_argument_principle · cplx_laurent_coeffs · cplx_mobius

Same category (complex)

cplx_contour_circle · cplx_poly_eval · cplx_contour_integral · cplx_winding_number · cplx_cauchy_value · cplx_argument_principle · cplx_laurent_coeffs · cplx_mobius


*Provenance: mathops.py — MATH operator registry. This per-op note is generated by tools/opdocs.py md (do not hand-edit).*

© 2026 Kazufumi Furuse — Fullseye operator documentation. Licensed under Apache-2.0.