typed op• 資料種類:signal → image
• 呼叫:fullseye.apply(img, "tb_spectrogram", a=0.5, b=0.5)(2-D 的模型是一張圖 + 兩個純量旋鈕 a,b∈[0,1])
*無圖: 該運算子以 signal 為輸入。從影像開始的 Studio 程式無法到達該型別，請參見下方的可執行範例。*
STFT 振幅頻譜圖 -> `(freqs, times, S),其中 S 的形狀為 (n_freqs, n_frames)。使用漢寧窗(Hann window);*hop* 預設值為 win//2`。
> 以下的詳細說明為原文 —— 摘要與標題已翻譯。
**Same raw convention as :func:spectrum, but a different divisor.** Each
column is the unnormalised `|rfft(frame * hann(win))|`, so it is not an
amplitude either — and dividing by `2/win` is *wrong* here, because the
Hann window has already thrown away part of the signal. The correct one-sided
amplitude conversion divides by the window's coherent gain::
w = np.hanning(win)
amp = S * (2.0 / w.sum()) # bins 1 .. win/2-1; DC / Nyquist: 1/w.sum()
Measured on a unit sine at a bin centre (`rate = 16000` Hz, 1000 Hz,
amplitude exactly 1.0, `win = 256`): the raw column peak is
`63.7497786196906; * 2/win gives 0.49804514546633283` (too small by
exactly the Hann coherent gain `sum(w)/win = 0.498046875`), while
`* 2/sum(w) gives 0.9999965273676957`. Only the second one is the
amplitude that was actually in the signal.
Peak *positions*, frame-to-frame ratios and any dB *difference* are unaffected
by either factor. This function returns magnitudes only — the phase is
discarded, so it cannot be inverted; use `acoustics.stft / acoustics.istft`
for a round-trip.
Typed bridge of the 1d op `spectrogram into the 2-D evolution registry: the same implementation, called under the op(v, a, b) convention. a drives rate (default 1) and b drives win` (default 256).
• 範例資料目錄(下載 URL / 授權) —— 2-D 用 skimage.data(BSD/公有領域)加合成圖,3-D 給出真實資料源(Stanford/PDS 等)的下載 URL。
• 運算子來歷與參考文獻 —— 該運算子族所依據的研究/方法出處。
• (尚無)
image 作為輸入)identity · gaussian · mean_box · bilateral · unsharp · median · min_filter · max_filter
typed)tb_points_to_voxel · tb_estimate_point_normals · tb_iss_keypoints · tb_angle_3points · tb_project_points · tb_render_point_depth · tb_statistical_outlier_removal · tb_radius_outlier_removal
*Provenance: ops.py — 2D 運算子登記表。本條目由 tools/opdocs.py md 自動產生(請勿手動編輯)。*
© 2026 Kazufumi Furuse — Fullseye operator documentation. Licensed under Apache-2.0.