illumination op• 資料種類:無 → table(僅由參數決定的運算子 —— 不接受影像或資料輸入)
• 呼叫: import fullseye as fs; fs.ledger.coaxial_illumination(reflectance=0.5, absorptance=0.0, back_reflectance=0.04, plate_thickness_mm=1.0, plate_index=1.52, panel_mm=60.0, panel_distance_mm=60.0, camera_distance_mm=200.0, field_mm=20.0, part='mirror', telecentric=False, panel_radiance=None, shape=(65, 65), n_panel=None)(要直接呼叫實作,import illumdesign; illumdesign.coaxial_illumination(reflectance=0.5, absorptance=0.0, back_reflectance=0.04, plate_thickness_mm=1.0, plate_index=1.52, panel_mm=60.0, panel_distance_mm=60.0, camera_distance_mm=200.0, field_mm=20.0, part='mirror', telecentric=False, panel_radiance=None, shape=(65, 65), n_panel=None);從台帳取用則 opsoptics.get("coaxial_illumination"))
同軸落射照明(半透半反鏡):往返 T*R 的收支與相機看到的像(table)。
> 以下的詳細說明為原文 —— 摘要與標題已翻譯。
The panel (square, side *panel_mm*, unfolded distance *panel_distance_mm* from the part through the 45-degree half mirror) lights the part by one reflection (R); the camera (pinhole at *camera_distance_mm*, or telecentric) looks through the mirror (T = 1 - R - A).
Budget: round_trip = R T (1/4 for the default lossless 50/50 mirror; splitter_reflectance / splitter_transmittance carry R and T under the names the optscene coaxial light reads), optimum_reflectance = (1 - A) / 2, max_round_trip = (1 - A)^2 / 4 (0.25 for a lossless mirror), ghost_ratio = T^2 r_b / R (the back-surface reflection of the plate, relative to the front reflection, on the illumination leg) and ghost_offset_mm = 2 t tan(theta_r) cos 45 deg (its lateral shift; sin theta_r = sin 45 / n).
Image (camera view, *shape* pixels over a square field of half-width *field_mm*):
• part="mirror": a specular part shows the panel itself, so the image is R T L(panel point) with the panel point x (1 + h_panel / h_camera) (x for a telecentric lens) — the panel's non-uniformity is imaged one to one (like critical illumination) and the field goes dark beyond vignetting_edge_mm = (panel / 2) / (1 + h_panel / h_camera).
• part="matte": a Lambertian part (albedo 1) returns R T E / pi, with E the irradiance of the panel (numerical sum over an *n_panel* x *n_panel* grid; the closed form for a uniform rectangle is matte_centre_closed). *n_panel* = None uses 32.
*panel_radiance*: None = uniform 1, or a 2-D map laid over the panel square. Returns also image, uniformity (illumination_uniformity of the central 80 %; None when T = 0 and the image is dark by the budget, not by the geometry), panel_scale (1 + h_panel / h_camera).
Raises ValueError: R + A > 1, R = 0, a panel farther than the camera, unknown part.
optics 的每個運算子都先檢驗輸入再計算(不讓任何東西無聲通過):
• 單位寫進參數名 —— _mm / _um / _deg / _mrad。把 mm 和 µm 弄混不會當掉,而是給出「看似合理卻是錯的答案」,所以用命名來防。這裡絕不從數值大小去猜單位。
• 字串一律 ValueError —— float('50') 會成功,於是未解析的設定值會被當成長度混進來(實測:thin_lens('50', '200') 曾回傳看似合理的 66.667 mm)。bool 也按 True == 1 的隱式提升拒絕。
• complex / masked array 一律 ValueError(僅接受實數槽位;拒絕無聲丟棄虛部或剝掉遮罩)。所有輸入中的 NaN/Inf 一律 ValueError。
• 逐項點名拒絕除零及其近親:焦距 0、曲率半徑 0、折射率 <= 0、全不透明光闌(全為 0,正規化變成 0/0)、總和 <= 0 的 PSF、S0 = 0 的 Stokes 向量、物體位於前焦點(像在無窮遠)。
• 只有兩個運算子會回傳非有限值,而且都寫進了契約:depth_of_field 在超焦距以外回傳 far_mm = inf(這正是超焦距的定義),gaussian_beam 在束腰處回傳 wavefront_radius_mm = inf(平面波前的曲率半徑)。兩者都同時回傳一個有限的夥伴(far_is_infinite / curvature_per_mm)。除此之外的無聲 NaN/Inf 都在內部檢出並 ValueError ——「float64 溢位了」和「答案是無窮大」是兩種不同的主張,不能拿後者的臉去交付前者。
• 尺寸上限:生成網格受 optics.MAX_GRID(4096)限制,傳入的場/PSF/光闌受 optics.MAX_FIELD_ELEMENTS(2^24),ABCD 元件序列受 optics.MAX_SYSTEM_ELEMENTS(1024),Zernike 受 MAX_ZERNIKE_TERMS(512)/ MAX_ZERNIKE_ORDER(40)/ MAX_ZERNIKE_BASIS(2^25)。以 fail-closed 堵住「小參數引發巨大內部配置」的路徑(實測:n_max=40 × 4096² 需要 108 GB)。
• 物理上不可能的狀態同樣拒絕:偏振度 > 1 的 Stokes 向量、負穿透率、負強度、n-|m| 為奇數等非法 Zernike 指標。
• mv_illumination_practice — 照明實務知識 —— 波長、偏振、點亮方式、外部光、安全
• 範例資料目錄(下載 URL / 授權) —— 2-D 用 skimage.data(BSD/公有領域)加合成圖,3-D 給出真實資料源(Stanford/PDS 等)的下載 URL。
• 運算子來歷與參考文獻 —— 該運算子族所依據的研究/方法出處。
• 演算法的正典(作者、年份)與用途見上面的族使用指南。
• poc_spectrometer_illumination — py -3.11 examples/poc_spectrometer_illumination.py
table 作為輸入)abcd_matrix · wavefront_stats · sfr_from_edge · paraxial_trace · seidel_coefficients · spot_stats · tolerance_analysis · wavefront_from_opd
illumination)light_source · irradiance_map · illumination_uniformity · defect_contrast · lighting_sweep · illumination_design · solid_angle_light · solid_angle_boundaries
*Provenance: illumdesign.py — OPTICS 運算子登記表。本條目由 tools/opdocs.py md 自動產生(請勿手動編輯)。*
© 2026 Kazufumi Furuse — Fullseye operator documentation. Licensed under Apache-2.0.