Metadata-Version: 2.4
Name: decision-jef
Version: 0.5.0
Summary: Typed decisions with calibrated probabilities, in one forward pass
License-Expression: MIT
Project-URL: Homepage, https://huggingface.co/BarraHome/Decision-Jef-0.1
Project-URL: Model, https://huggingface.co/BarraHome/Decision-Jef-0.1
Project-URL: Issues, https://huggingface.co/BarraHome/Decision-Jef-0.1/discussions
Keywords: typed-decisions,calibration,classification,routing,scoring,encoder,multilingual,nlp
Classifier: Development Status :: 4 - Beta
Classifier: Intended Audience :: Developers
Classifier: Intended Audience :: Science/Research
Classifier: Operating System :: OS Independent
Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3
Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.10
Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.11
Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.12
Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.13
Classifier: Topic :: Scientific/Engineering :: Artificial Intelligence
Classifier: Topic :: Text Processing :: Linguistic
Classifier: Typing :: Typed
Requires-Python: >=3.10
Description-Content-Type: text/markdown
License-File: LICENSE
Requires-Dist: torch>=2.4
Requires-Dist: transformers>=4.48
Requires-Dist: huggingface-hub>=0.26
Requires-Dist: safetensors>=0.4
Provides-Extra: dev
Requires-Dist: pytest>=8; extra == "dev"
Dynamic: license-file

<div align="center">
  <p>
    <a href="https://pypi.org/project/decision-jef/"><img src="https://img.shields.io/pypi/v/decision-jef?logo=pypi&logoColor=white" alt="PyPI version"></a>
    <a href="https://pypi.org/project/decision-jef/"><img src="https://img.shields.io/pypi/pyversions/decision-jef?logo=python&logoColor=white" alt="Supported Python versions"></a>
    <a href="https://github.com/bet0x/decision-jef/actions/workflows/ci.yml"><img src="https://github.com/bet0x/decision-jef/actions/workflows/ci.yml/badge.svg?branch=main" alt="CI"></a>
    <a href="https://huggingface.co/BarraHome/Decision-Jef-0.1"><img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/%F0%9F%A4%97%20Hugging%20Face-Decision--Jef--0.1-yellow" alt="Model on Hugging Face"></a>
    <a href="./LICENSE"><img src="https://img.shields.io/github/license/bet0x/decision-jef" alt="MIT License"></a>
    <a href="https://github.com/bet0x/decision-jef"><img src="https://img.shields.io/github/stars/bet0x/decision-jef?style=flat&logo=github" alt="GitHub stars"></a>
  </p>
  <p>
    <img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/typed--decisions-77.90-1f6feb" alt="77.90 on the typed-decisions benchmark">
    <img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/permuted-77.90-1f6feb" alt="77.90 with the options permuted">
    <img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/latency-12.0%20ms%20%C2%B7%203%20decisions-2da44e" alt="12.0 ms for three decisions">
    <img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/ECE-0.026%20raw-2da44e" alt="Expected calibration error 0.026 as shipped">
    <img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/parameters-307M-8250df" alt="307 million parameters">
  </p>
</div>

# Decision-Jef-0.1

Answer several runtime-defined questions about one state, in a single forward
pass, with a probability over exactly the options you supply.

307M parameters. **12.0 ms for three decisions in one forward pass.**

The answer space is built from the request, so a value you did not offer is not
representable — not merely unlikely. There is no classification head over a
fixed label set.

## Results

Typed-decisions test set, 2,000 decisions: 600 `choice`, 600 `noul`, 800
`score`. Same set and same split as the published models below. Figures are as
shipped, with no temperature applied.

![Benchmark comparison](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/bet0x/decision-jef/main/assets/benchmark.png)

| model | global | choice | noul | score |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Decision-1.0-Lex | **78.15** | 74.00 | 84.67 | **76.38** |
| **Decision-Jef-0.1** | 77.90 | **75.00** | 84.50 | 75.20 |
| Laya Typed Decisions | 76.60 | 73.33 | **85.67** | 72.25 |
| Jev | 72.70 | not published | not published | not published |

Ahead of both published figures on `choice`. Behind Laya on `noul` by 1.17 and
behind Lex on `score` by 1.18. `score` is where the global deficit of 0.25
comes from: matching Lex there, and leaving the other two types alone, would
put this model ahead overall, which is not true of closing the `noul` gap.

The figures each model publishes do not line up. Lex publishes a per-type
breakdown and no aggregate metrics; Jev publishes aggregates and no breakdown.
The tables here say which is which rather than filling the gaps.

| | this model | Laya | Jev |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| soft accuracy | **0.608** | 0.471 | 0.580 |
| Brier, summed over classes | **0.092** | 0.061 † | 0.148 |
| ECE, 10 bins | **0.026** | 0.213 | 0.144 |
| score MAE | 0.254 | **0.242** | 0.391 |
| majority class on this set | 0.457 | | |
| random guess on this set | 0.318 | | |

Soft accuracy is the label mass on the answer we pick, which matters on a
benchmark whose labels are annotator averages rather than single verdicts.

† Published Brier figures use two conventions. Laya reports 0.061 averaged per
class and attributes 0.148 to Jev summed over classes, which reads as a 2.4x
gap and is a unit mismatch. The 0.092 above is summed, the same convention as
the 0.148, so it is comparable to Jev's figure and **not** to Laya's.

### Option order

Every `choice` question in this benchmark presents its options in one fixed
order, and that order is not uniform. The questions carry four or five options,
so a uniform draw would put the gold answer in any one slot 23.3% of the time.
Measured over the 600 `choice` questions:

| slot | share of gold answers | against uniform |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1st | 20.7% | 0.89x |
| 2nd | 20.2% | 0.86x |
| **3rd** | **39.7%** | **1.70x** |
| 4th | 12.2% | 0.52x |
| 5th | 7.3% | 0.31x |

A model can therefore score on this benchmark by learning to answer third.
This one does not:

| | native order | options permuted | change |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| global | 77.95 | 77.90 | **+0.05** |
| choice | 75.00 | 74.83 | +0.17 |
| noul | 84.50 | 84.50 | +0.00 |
| score | 75.25 | 75.25 | +0.00 |

Over 1,800 permutations of the benchmark's `choice` questions, the answer
changes on **5.6%** of them. Jev is measured at 0.13 and Laya at 0.15 on the
same kind of check.

This table comes from the permutation harness and the one above from the
like-for-like harness, which is why the global figures read 77.95 and 77.90.
The two differ by less than the +/-0.15 of bf16 arithmetic noise reported
under Limitations; neither is rounded to flatter the other.

### Calibration

ECE is **0.026 as shipped**, which is already inside a 0.10 criterion without
any post-hoc correction. Temperature scaling per (type, cardinality) bucket
ships with the model and is **off by default**. Applying it trades one metric
for the other:

![Reliability](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/bet0x/decision-jef/main/assets/reliability.png)

| | as shipped | with the temperatures |
| --- | --- | --- |
| ECE, 10 bins | 0.026 | **0.006** |
| Brier, summed | **0.092** | 0.108 |
| score MAE | **0.254** | 0.263 |
| global accuracy | 77.90 | 77.90 |

The two disagree because they ask different questions. ECE asks whether stated
confidence matches hit rate; Brier asks whether the reported distribution
matches the annotator average. The fitted temperatures sharpen, at 0.878
globally and 1.000 for `noul`, which helps the first and hurts the second.
Accuracy does not move either way, because a per-bucket temperature never
changes an argmax.

The reliability curve sits slightly above the diagonal, which is
underconfidence: this model's stated confidence runs a little below its hit
rate. The bin counts are plotted underneath because the two leftmost points
carry 10 and 124 decisions out of 2,000 and should not be read as a trend.

Leave them off unless you specifically need the confidence figure to track the
hit rate, and fit your own on your own data if you do. Laya's published pair —
Brier 0.061 with ECE 0.213 — sits at the opposite end of the same trade-off
rather than at a better point on it.

### Where the probabilities are honest

Measured against a generator whose true posterior is known by construction: a
ticket that cues one department has a true answer, one that cues two is a
genuine coin flip between them.

| case | true answer | this model |
| --- | --- | --- |
| one department cued | 1.00 | **1.000** |
| two departments cued | 0.50 | **0.557** |
| escalation implied by priority | 0.90 | **0.930** |
| mass on the two cued departments | 1.00 | **1.000** |

The model recovers the true posterior when the state settles the question, puts
all of its mass on the departments the state allows, and reports close to an
even split where the answer is genuinely undetermined. For scale on the third
row, a 0.90 truth is the case where a stated rate rather than a verdict is the
right answer.

### Question isolation

Adding a question does not change another question's answer. This holds
exactly, not approximately, and it holds against the *length* of the other
questions as well as their content — each question's block is packed with the
geometry it would have if it were alone in the request.

Checked across all 2,000 benchmark decisions with one, two, three and four
questions sharing each sequence: in fp32 the four runs agree to every digit
reported, globally and per type. In bf16 they spread by about 0.15, which is
padded-shape arithmetic rather than information crossing between questions.

## Files

| file | what |
| --- | --- |
| `model.safetensors` | the weights, 143 tensors. No pickle is published, so a load executes nothing. |
| `config.json` | the encoder's own config, verbatim from `jhu-clsp/mmBERT-base`, plus one `decision_jef` key for this model's geometry. |
| `temperatures.json` | the fitted per-bucket temperatures. Off by default; see above. |
| `metrics.json` | this checkpoint's benchmark figures, raw and calibrated. |
| `tokenizer.json`, `tokenizer_config.json`, `special_tokens_map.json` | vendored, so a load needs one repository and no second download. |

The encoder tensors carry their canonical ModernBERT names, so the fine-tuned
encoder can be loaded on its own:

```python
from transformers import AutoModel
encoder = AutoModel.from_pretrained("BarraHome/Decision-Jef-0.1")
```

That returns a `ModernBertModel` with every one of its 134 weights loaded and
the nine decision-head tensors skipped. Verified tensor by tensor: both paths
give bit-identical encoder weights.

## Latency

NVIDIA H100 NVL, fp32, median of 30 calls after warm-up, measured end to end
through this package: packing, encoder and readout. fp32 is what
`from_pretrained` gives you; bf16 roughly halves these numbers.

| questions in one call | median | p95 |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | 11.69 ms | 12.33 ms |
| 2 | 11.88 ms | 12.17 ms |
| 3 | 11.96 ms | 12.26 ms |
| 4 | 12.13 ms | 12.82 ms |

Three extra questions cost 0.44 ms in total, under 4% over a single question.
The state is encoded once and the question branches are masked apart, so a
request carrying four questions is not four requests — but it is not free
either, and the trend across these four rows is monotonic rather than noise.

Throughput at batch 64 and 1,024 tokens is 5.36 ms per decision in fp32.

## Usage

```bash
pip install decision-jef
```

The weights are published separately from the package.

```python
from decision_jef import Decider, Question, email

d = Decider.from_pretrained("BarraHome/Decision-Jef-0.1")

state = email.as_state(
    "user@acme.com", "Duplicate charge on invoice #4411",
    "We were billed twice for March. Please refund the duplicate today "
    "or we will cancel our plan.")

answers = d.decide(state, {
    "department": Question("choice", "Which department should handle this?", {
        "billing": "invoices, payments, refunds",
        "technical": "bugs, outages, system errors",
        "sales": "pricing, new contracts",
        "other": "everything else",
    }),
    "urgency": Question("score", "How urgent is this request?",
                        ["not urgent", "soon", "critical or blocking"]),
    "churn_risk": Question("noul", "Does the user threaten to leave?", {
        "false": "The user makes no threat to stop using the service.",
        "true": "The user threatens to cancel, churn or leave.",
    }),
})

for qid, a in answers.items():
    print(qid, a.choice or a.p("true"), a.confidence, a.probabilities)
```

```
department  billing  1.00  {'billing': 0.9997, 'technical': 0.0001, 'sales': 0.0001, 'other': 0.0001}
urgency     1        0.93  {'0': 0.0407, '1': 0.9289, '2': 0.0304}    score=0.99
churn_risk  0.9733   0.97  {'false': 0.0267, 'true': 0.9733}
```

`decide` returns raw probabilities. Pass `calibrated=True` to apply the shipped
temperatures, and read the calibration section first.

`d.to_wire(answers)` returns the same content as a JSON-ready response body.

A question must be a `Question`, not a plain dict. Passing a dict raises a
`TypeError` that says so.

### Give every yes/no outcome a description that carries meaning

This is a requirement, not a style note, and a template does not satisfy it.
The model scores the option text, so what that text says is what it has to
work with. Measured over all 600 `noul` questions in the benchmark, replacing
their own descriptions:

| `false` / `true` text | accuracy |
| --- | --- |
| the question's own descriptions | **84.50** |
| `"No. <question>."` / `"Yes. <question>."` | 65.00 |
| nothing at all | 64.67 |

A templated prefix is worth 0.33 points over supplying nothing. It can also
be worse than nothing on an individual question: on the refund e-mail above,
asking whether the user threatens to leave gives p(true) 0.602 with no
descriptions, **0.181 with the template** -- the wrong side -- and 0.973 with

```python
{"false": "The user makes no threat to stop using the service.",
 "true":  "The user threatens to cancel, churn or leave."}
```

Write what each outcome means. Do not generate the two strings from the
question.

## Large option sets

Accuracy falls as the option list grows, and the window is not the reason:
eighty options with one-line descriptions pack into 772 tokens of the 1,024
with none truncated, so the list fits and the readout is what degrades. The
token figure scales with how long your descriptions are.

![Accuracy against option-list length](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/bet0x/decision-jef/main/assets/cardinality.png)

| options | accuracy | random |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 5 | 0.930 | 0.200 |
| 10 | 0.845 | 0.100 |
| 20 | 0.780 | 0.050 |
| 40 | 0.670 | 0.025 |
| 65 | 0.635 | 0.015 |

Laya reports 0.425 on a 77-label set and attributes it to an option-text
budget; Jev is reported at 0.870 and is ahead of this model here. Narrow the
set first if you are above about twenty options:

```python
from decision_jef import shortlist_decide

answers, meta = shortlist_decide(decider, state, questions, k=16)
meta["intent"]["kept"]     # the options that survived, best first
```

Ranking is lexical overlap between the state and each option's text, weighted
so a term every option shares counts for little. It needs no second model.
Pass `embed_fn` to rank with your own embeddings instead. A question at or
below `k` options passes through and costs nothing.

This model's own logits are also a usable ranker, and a better one than the
lexical default. On 200 banking-intent cases cut to fifty options, recall of
the gold answer in the top sixteen:

| ranker | recall@16 |
| --- | --- |
| this model's logits | **0.960** |
| lexical overlap | 0.865 |
| random | 0.320 |

Ranking is an easier task than answering, so the logits stay informative at a
list length where the argmax is already unreliable. Two passes of this model
cost about 24 ms and need no second model or embedding service.

## Email

A reply carries the thread below it, a signature, and often a legal
disclaimer. None of that is the message, and it is often the longest part.

```python
from decision_jef import email

state = email.as_state(sender, subject, body)
```

`email.clean(body)` cuts the quoted thread, the signature block and the
disclaimer, and `as_state` formats the fields the way the rest of this package
feeds the model.

## Serving an existing Jev client

Clients written against Jev post to `/v1/systemone` and read back
`{"answers": {...}}`. This package serves that route from these weights, so
such a client changes one URL and nothing else.

```bash
pip install decision-jef
decision-jef-serve                       # 127.0.0.1:8088, weights from the Hub
```

```
decision-jef serving BarraHome/Decision-Jef-0.1 on http://127.0.0.1:8088/v1/systemone
```

| flag | default | what |
| --- | --- | --- |
| `--weights` | `BarraHome/Decision-Jef-0.1` | repository id or a local directory |
| `--host` `--port` | `127.0.0.1` `8088` | where to listen |
| `--token TOKEN` | none | require `Authorization: Bearer TOKEN`; omitted, any value is accepted |
| `--calibrated` | off | apply the shipped temperatures; read the calibration section first |
| `--device` | `auto` | passed to the loader |
| `--quiet` | off | stop logging one line per request |

`GET /health` returns `{"status": "ok"}`. Every answer body carries
`latency_ms` for the forward pass. Requests are serialised behind a lock: the
model is not re-entrant, so two overlapping ticks would otherwise interleave
their batches. It is the standard library and one forward pass, not a
framework.

Then point the client at it. Both published Doom agents hardcode the upstream
URL, so this is a one-line edit:

```python
# AmoghCreator/doom-jev, agent/jev_client.py
self.url = "http://127.0.0.1:8088/v1/systemone"
```

```ts
// lukaske/jev-doom-agent, server/typesafe.ts
await fetch('http://127.0.0.1:8088/v1/systemone', { ... })
```

Measured against the first of those, sending its own six-question tick -- four
`choice` and two `noul` over a YAML situation report -- the round trip is 33 ms
end to end, 31 ms of it the forward pass. Their client allows 1.5 s and queries
at 10 Hz.

### What the server accepts that the format does not

A live client builds its option list from the world. A game agent asking which
visible enemy to aim at usually has one or none, and `{"none": "No valid
targets"}` is a single-option `choice`. The wire format requires two, and
should: a choice among one alternative is not a choice. But the answer is
forced and correct, so the server answers those itself, with probability 1 and
`"forced": true` in the body, and never asks the model. Without this, one of
those agents gets HTTP 422 for most of a game.

Instructions and state also arrive structured rather than as strings from some
clients -- `{"task": "Choose navigation for this tick.", "policy": ...}` -- and
are flattened to text rather than rejected, because the model reads them as
text.

### Before you point a game at it

This model was trained on support decisions and structured rule-following, not
on spatial tactics, and it shows. On a Doom state with 34 health, four shells
and 42 damage just taken it chooses `engage`; asked which of two enemies to
aim at, it picks the one 640 units away over the one at 210 centred in the
crosshair. What does work is that it says so: on that state the movement and
rotation questions come back at 0.484 and 0.498 confidence, which is the model
reporting that it does not know rather than inventing a number. Read the
confidence.

## The three question types

| type | `criteria` | answer |
| --- | --- | --- |
| `choice` | ordered map of key to description, up to 255 | `choice`, `probabilities` |
| `noul` | optional map of `false` and `true` to a description — supply it | `noul` probability |
| `score` | ordered array of 2 to 10 level descriptions | probability-weighted `score`, `legend` |

Option order is part of the request: the same options in a different order are
a different request. The answer changes on 5.7% of `choice` questions under
permutation, so average over permutations if you need a stable answer.

## How it works

```
<bos> state ... <eos>                                    shared, encoded once
[Q] instructions ... [OPT] opt0 [OPT] opt1 ... [DEC]     question 1
[Q] instructions ... [OPT] opt0 [OPT] opt1 ... [DEC]     question 2
```

The query is read at `[DEC]`, after the whole option list, so the decision sees
every option. Keys come from each `[OPT]` in the same pass, so the options are
read together rather than scored in isolation. Each question attends to the
state and to itself only; the state attends to neither. Position ids restart at
the end of the state for every question, and the local-attention band is
measured in those restarted positions, which is what makes isolation hold
against the other questions' length and not only their content.

## No escalation head in this release

Earlier releases shipped a head that predicted whether the model's own answer
was wrong, so a caller could hand the flagged cases to a person. It does not
work in these weights and has been removed rather than shipped with a caveat.

Measured on the benchmark's 2,000 decisions before removal: mean predicted
P(wrong) was 0.045 where the answer was right and 0.083 where it was wrong.
Escalating the worst half by predicted P(wrong) raised accuracy on the rest
from 0.777 to 0.795 — not enough separation to set a threshold on, and not
something a different threshold recovers.

`decide(..., with_escalation=True)` therefore returns `escalation=None`. The
field is documented and will carry a value again when a head earns it.

## Limitations

- **`score` is the weakest type** at 75.20, 1.18 behind the best published
  figure, on the 800 decisions that carry 40% of the benchmark. It is where the
  global deficit of 0.25 comes from.
- **`noul` is 1.17 behind the best published figure**, 84.50 against 85.67.
- **Large option sets degrade steadily.** 0.780 at twenty options and 0.635 at
  sixty-five, against a random baseline of 0.050 and 0.015. Jev is reported at
  0.870 at sixty-five and is ahead here. Narrow the list above twenty; the
  model's own logits rank well enough to do it, at 0.960 recall@16 out of fifty
  options, even where its argmax is already unreliable.
- **A yes/no without meaningful outcome descriptions loses 19.8 points**, 84.50
  against 64.67, and a description templated from the question recovers 0.33 of
  them. Write what each outcome means.
- **The shipped temperatures sharpen and are off by default.** They take ECE
  from 0.026 to 0.006 and take Brier from 0.092 to 0.108.
- **No escalation head**, see above.
- **Option order still changes the answer on 5.7% of `choice` questions.** That
  is ahead of both published figures but it is not zero.
- Trained and measured on **English** typed decisions. The backbone is
  multilingual and the tokenizer covers 256k tokens, but no non-English
  benchmark has been run — treat multilingual use as untested.
- The `guardrails` and `moderation` tags reflect coverage of toxicity and
  hate-speech decisions. **Neither capability has been benchmarked.**
- Reported global figures carry about ±0.15 of bf16 arithmetic noise. The
  77.90 above is a single measurement, not a mean over seeds.
- Long states are truncated to the window with the questions reserved first.

## License and provenance

The code and these weights are MIT, following the `jhu-clsp/mmBERT-base`
backbone. No weights, gradients or private data from any third-party decision
service are used or claimed; the design follows publicly documented API
behaviour and public benchmark splits.

**Training data, stated plainly.** Part of this checkpoint's training corpus
comes from [`tasksource/tasksource-jev-typed-decisions`](https://huggingface.co/datasets/tasksource/tasksource-jev-typed-decisions),
which carries `license: other`. Its own card says no single upstream licence
covers every row and that each source's licence should be checked before
reuse; it draws on 571 of them. That review has **not** been done for this
release. If your use is one where upstream data licensing matters, treat this
checkpoint as unreviewed on that point and say so downstream. The rest of the
corpus is either generated for this project or comes from
[`tasksource/procedural-jev`](https://huggingface.co/datasets/tasksource/procedural-jev),
which is Apache-2.0 and procedurally generated with no upstream data.

Neither dataset is affiliated with TypeSafe or OpenJev, and neither is this
model.
