Context:

Consider the following {granularity}(s), which occur before the {granularity} to be analyzed:
{context_window}

Task:

Analyze the following {granularity}:
{item}

Instructions:

1. Identify any causal relationships expressed in the {granularity}. For each one, extract a clear and meaningful version of both the cause and effect.
2. Internally reason step by step through the {granularity}, but respond with only the final answer as JSON.
3. Identify each cause — the condition or factor that enables or produces something.
4. Identify each effect — the result or consequence that logically follows from the cause.
5. Consider both directions (A → B and B → A) and choose the one that best reflects the meaning of the {granularity}.
6. Refine both the cause and the effect to express the core idea clearly. Compare each phrase to the original {granularity} and adjust as needed for accuracy.
- Whenever possible, include both a subject (or object) and a predicate so the phrase is self-contained and interpretable without the original text (e.g., medication dose increases) rather than "increase in dose", or "patients experience side effects" rather than "side effects").
- Prefer concise noun phrases (3–10 words) built around an active or stative verb; fall back to noun phrases only when no natural verb form exists.
- Preserve important modifiers, quantities, or qualifiers (e.g., numbers, timeframes, degrees).
- Avoid full sentences and unnecessary punctuation.
7. Return the answer using this JSON schema:
{json_schema}