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You can obtain all the elementary functions from just the function

\operatorname{fn}(x,y) = \exp(x) - \log(y)

and the constant 1. The following equations show how to bootstrap addition and subtraction.

\begin{align*} \exp(z) &\mapsto \operatorname{fn}(z,1) \\ \log(z) &\mapsto \operatorname{fn}(1,\exp(\operatorname{fn}(1,z))) \end{align*}

See the paper for more details.