```python
import re


def parse_option(segment: str) -> list:
    key, eq, raw = segment.partition("=")
    if not eq or re.fullmatch(r"[A-Za-z][A-Za-z0-9_]*", key) is None:
        raise ValueError("malformed option segment: " + segment)
    if len(raw) >= 2 and raw.startswith('"') and raw.endswith('"'):
        raw = raw[1:-1]
    return [key, raw]


def scan_pairs(text: str) -> list:
    pairs = []
    for segment in text.split(";"):
        if not isinstance(segment, str):
            raise ValueError("input must be a string")
        if len(segment) == 0:
            continue
        if segment[0] == '"':
            if segment[-1] != '"':
                raise ValueError("unterminated quote")
            segment = segment[1:-1]
        else:
            if "=" not in segment:
                raise ValueError("missing equals sign")
            key, value = segment.split("=")
            pairs.append([key, value])
    return pairs
```