```ts
export function parseSemver(version: string): { major: number; minor: number; patch: number; prerelease: string | null; build: string | null } {
    if (!version) throw new Error('Invalid semver string');
    const parts = version.match(/v?(\d+)\.(\d+)\.(\d+)(?:-(\w+)(?:\.(\d+(\.\d+)?)?)?)?(?:\+(.+))?/);
    if (!parts) throw new Error('Invalid semver string');
    return {
        major: parseInt(parts[1], 10),
        minor: parseInt(parts[2], 10),
        patch: parseInt(parts[3], 10),
        prerelease: parts[4] || null,
        build: parts[5] || null
    };
}
```