```ts
export function parseSemver(version: string): { major: number; minor: number; patch: number; prerelease: string | null; build: string | null } {
  const semverRegex = /^(0|[1-9]\d*)\.(0|[1-9]\d*)\.(0|[1-9]\d*)(?:-(?:[0-9a-zA-Z-]+(?:\.[0-9a-zA-Z-]+)*))?(?:\+(?:[0-9a-zA-Z-]+(?:\.[0-9a-zA-Z-]+)*))?$/;
  const match = version.match(semverRegex);

  if (!match) {
    throw new Error("Invalid semver format");
  }

  const [, major, minor, patch, prerelease, build] = match;

  return {
    major: parseInt(major, 10),
    minor: parseInt(minor, 10),
    patch: parseInt(patch, 10),
    prerelease: prerelease ? prerelease.slice(1) : null,
    build: build ? build.slice(1) : null,
  };
}
```