```typescript
export function mergeIntervals(intervals: number[][]): number[][] {
  if (!Array.isArray(intervals) || intervals.length === 0) return [];

  // Sort intervals by start time
  intervals.sort((a, b) => a[0] - b[0]);

  const merged: number[][] = [intervals[0]];

  for (let i = 1; i < intervals.length; i++) {
    const currentInterval = intervals[i];
    const lastMergedInterval = merged[merged.length - 1];

    if (lastMergedInterval[1] >= currentInterval[0]) {
      // Merge overlapping or touching intervals
      lastMergedInterval[1] = Math.max(lastMergedInterval[1], currentInterval[1]);
    } else {
      // Add non-overlapping interval to merged list
      merged.push(currentInterval);
    }
  }

  return merged;
}
```