---
title: jwt
sidebarTitle: jwt
---

# `fastmcp.server.auth.providers.jwt`


TokenVerifier implementations for FastMCP.

## Classes

### `JWKData` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/src/fastmcp/server/auth/providers/jwt.py#L27" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>


JSON Web Key data structure.


### `JWKSData` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/src/fastmcp/server/auth/providers/jwt.py#L40" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>


JSON Web Key Set data structure.


### `RSAKeyPair` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/src/fastmcp/server/auth/providers/jwt.py#L47" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>


RSA key pair for JWT testing.


**Methods:**

#### `generate` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/src/fastmcp/server/auth/providers/jwt.py#L54" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>

```python
generate(cls) -> RSAKeyPair
```

Generate an RSA key pair for testing.

**Returns:**
- Generated key pair


#### `create_token` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/src/fastmcp/server/auth/providers/jwt.py#L89" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>

```python
create_token(self, subject: str = 'fastmcp-user', issuer: str = 'https://fastmcp.example.com', audience: str | list[str] | None = None, scopes: list[str] | None = None, expires_in_seconds: int = 3600, additional_claims: dict[str, Any] | None = None, kid: str | None = None) -> str
```

Generate a test JWT token for testing purposes.

**Args:**
- `subject`: Subject claim (usually user ID)
- `issuer`: Issuer claim
- `audience`: Audience claim - can be a string or list of strings (optional)
- `scopes`: List of scopes to include
- `expires_in_seconds`: Token expiration time in seconds
- `additional_claims`: Any additional claims to include
- `kid`: Key ID to include in header


### `JWTVerifier` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/src/fastmcp/server/auth/providers/jwt.py#L156" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>


JWT token verifier supporting both asymmetric (RSA/ECDSA) and symmetric (HMAC) algorithms.

This verifier validates JWT tokens using various signing algorithms:
- **Asymmetric algorithms** (RS256/384/512, ES256/384/512, PS256/384/512):
  Uses public/private key pairs. Ideal for external clients and services where
  only the authorization server has the private key.
- **Symmetric algorithms** (HS256/384/512): Uses a shared secret for both
  signing and verification. Perfect for internal microservices and trusted
  environments where the secret can be securely shared.

Use this when:
- You have JWT tokens issued by an external service (asymmetric)
- You need JWKS support for automatic key rotation (asymmetric)
- You have internal microservices sharing a secret key (symmetric)
- Your tokens contain standard OAuth scopes and claims


**Methods:**

#### `load_access_token` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/src/fastmcp/server/auth/providers/jwt.py#L397" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>

```python
load_access_token(self, token: str) -> AccessToken | None
```

Validate a JWT bearer token and return an AccessToken when the token is valid.

**Args:**
- `token`: The JWT bearer token string to validate.

**Returns:**
- AccessToken | None: An AccessToken populated from token claims if the token is valid; `None` if the token is expired, has an invalid signature or format, fails issuer/audience/scope validation, or any other validation error occurs.


#### `verify_token` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/src/fastmcp/server/auth/providers/jwt.py#L523" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>

```python
verify_token(self, token: str) -> AccessToken | None
```

Verify a bearer token and return access info if valid.

This method implements the TokenVerifier protocol by delegating
to our existing load_access_token method.

**Args:**
- `token`: The JWT token string to validate

**Returns:**
- AccessToken object if valid, None if invalid or expired


### `StaticTokenVerifier` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/src/fastmcp/server/auth/providers/jwt.py#L539" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>


Simple static token verifier for testing and development.

This verifier validates tokens against a predefined dictionary of valid token
strings and their associated claims. When a token string matches a key in the
dictionary, the verifier returns the corresponding claims as if the token was
validated by a real authorization server.

Use this when:
- You're developing or testing locally without a real OAuth server
- You need predictable tokens for automated testing
- You want to simulate different users/scopes without complex setup
- You're prototyping and need simple API key-style authentication

WARNING: Never use this in production - tokens are stored in plain text!


**Methods:**

#### `verify_token` <sup><a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/src/fastmcp/server/auth/providers/jwt.py#L573" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a></sup>

```python
verify_token(self, token: str) -> AccessToken | None
```

Verify token against static token dictionary.

