Sterilization Process Filing — FDA 21 CFR Part 113

Document type: Low-acid canned food process filing

Reference: FDA 21 CFR Part 113 / GMA (NFPA) Bulletin 40-L

Generated: {{ generated_date }}


Document Control

Filing numberTC-FDA-{{ '%04d'|format(filing_number) }}
Version{{ version }}
StatusDraft — for process-authority review
Simulation engineThermoCraft (1D conduction + kinetic F₀)
Applicable regulationFDA 21 CFR Part 113 — Low-acid canned foods

Summary of Key Results

Required process time{{ '%.1f'|format(required_process_time) }} min
Achieved F₀{{ '%.2f'|format(F0_total) }} min (target {{ '%.2f'|format(target_F0) }} min)
Log reduction achieved{{ '%.1f'|format(microbial_log_reduction) }} log
Heating-rate index f_h{{ '%.1f'|format(fh_min) }} min
Lag factor j_h{{ '%.2f'|format(jh) }}
Overall conformance{% if F0_total >= target_F0 %}PASS{% else %}REVIEW REQUIRED{% endif %}

1. Product Description

This section identifies the product, its container and its physical and thermal characteristics as used in the process-filing calculation.

Product name{{ product_name }}
Container geometry{{ geometry }}
Characteristic length{{ '%.4f'|format(characteristic_length) }} m
Initial product temperature{{ '%.1f'|format(T_initial) }} °C
Density{{ '%.0f'|format(density) }} kg/m³
Specific heat capacity{{ '%.0f'|format(specific_heat) }} J/(kg·K)
Thermal conductivity{{ '%.3f'|format(thermal_conductivity) }} W/(m·K)
pH classificationLow-acid (> 4.6) — process is under 21 CFR 113

2. Sterilization Process Parameters

The scheduled process is defined by the retort temperature, come-up time, holding time and the resulting accumulated lethality at the cold spot.

Retort / sterilizer temperature{{ '%.1f'|format(T_retort) }} °C
Come-up time{{ '%.1f'|format(come_up_time) }} min
Surface heat-transfer coefficient{{ '%.0f'|format(h_surface) }} W/(m²·K)
Total required process time{{ '%.1f'|format(required_process_time) }} min
Estimated hold phase{{ '%.1f'|format(required_process_time - come_up_time) }} min
Target F₀{{ '%.2f'|format(target_F0) }} min
Achieved F₀ (cold spot){{ '%.2f'|format(F0_total) }} min
Achieved log reduction{{ '%.1f'|format(microbial_log_reduction) }} log
Process margin (F₀ − target){{ '%.2f'|format(F0_total - target_F0) }} min

Conformance: {% if F0_total >= target_F0 %}Achieved F₀ meets the scheduled-process target — the process is adequate for the target microorganism. {% else %}Achieved F₀ is below target — process must be reviewed before filing.{% endif %}

3. Heat-Transfer Characteristics

The heating-rate index f_h (time for one log cycle of the heating curve) and the lag factor j_h characterise the conduction heating of the product. They are estimated from the simulated cold-spot heating curve.

Heating-rate index f_h{{ '%.1f'|format(fh_min) }} min
Lag factor j_h{{ '%.2f'|format(jh) }}
Heating regimeConduction-heated (high Biot number)

The temperature history below shows centre and surface response to the retort temperature.

4. Cold-Spot Location & Temperature History

For a conduction-heated product the cold spot is at the thermal centre of the container (r = 0). The final temperature profile confirms the cold spot remains the slowest-heating point.

Cold-spot locationThermal centre (r = 0)
Final centre temperature{{ '%.1f'|format(center_final) }} °C
Final surface temperature{{ '%.1f'|format(surface_final) }} °C

5. Microbial Lethality

Lethality is expressed as F₀ — the equivalent minutes at the reference temperature 121.1 °C with z = 10 °C, integrated over the cold-spot temperature history:

F₀ = ∫ 10((T(t) − T_ref)/z) dt

Target organism D-value{{ '%.3f'|format(D_ref) }} min @ {{ '%.1f'|format(T_ref) }} °C
z-value{{ '%.1f'|format(z_value) }} °C
Reference temperature{{ '%.1f'|format(T_ref) }} °C
Total accumulated F₀{{ '%.2f'|format(F0_total) }} min
Required (target) F₀{{ '%.2f'|format(target_F0) }} min
Equivalent log reduction{{ '%.1f'|format(microbial_log_reduction) }} log

F₀ accumulation over the cycle:

At end of come-up{{ '%.3f'|format(f0_comeup) }} min
At end of hold / cooling{{ '%.2f'|format(F0_total) }} min
Contribution after come-up{{ '%.2f'|format(F0_total - f0_comeup) }} min

6. Quality Indicators

Thermal process impact on quality attributes (nutrient retention and cook value) is reported for information; it does not affect the scheduled process for safety.

Quality retention {{ '%.1f'|format(quality_retention * 100) if quality_retention is not none else 'n/a' }} %
Cook value (C₀, z = 33.1 °C) {{ '%.1f'|format(cook_value) if cook_value is not none else 'n/a' }} min

7. Process-Deviation Contingency

Any deviation from the scheduled process (temperature drop, shortened hold, steam failure) must be evaluated for impact on the accumulated F₀ before product release. The following contingency procedure applies:


Approvals & Signatures

Process authority_______________________ Date: ________
QA / Compliance reviewer_______________________ Date: ________
Operations_______________________ Date: ________

Generated by ThermoCraft. This filing is an engineering estimate and must be reviewed and approved by a recognised process authority before submission.

Appendix A — Methodology

The process calculation solves the transient one-dimensional radial heat-conduction equation on the product geometry (slab / cylinder / sphere) using an implicit Crank–Nicolson scheme. A convection boundary condition with heat-transfer coefficient h_surface and retort temperature T_retort is applied at the surface; the domain uses the stated number of spatial nodes.

Lethality is accumulated at the cold spot (thermal centre) as F₀ = ∫ 10^((T−T_ref)/z) dt over the full cycle, using the Bigelow first-order kinetics with the declared D-value at the reference temperature. The holding phase is sized so that the accumulated F₀ reaches the target before cooling.

Appendix B — References