AsyncDatabase API

The AsyncDatabase class provides an asynchronous interface for interacting with CockroachDB. It handles connection management, SQL execution, and transaction support using Python's async/await syntax.

Class Documentation

AsyncDatabase

Main interface for asynchronous CockroachDB operations.

Source code in manticore_cockroachdb/async_database.py

class AsyncDatabase:
    """Main interface for asynchronous CockroachDB operations."""

    def __init__(
        self,
        database: str = "defaultdb",
        host: str = "localhost",
        port: int = 26257,
        user: str = "root",
        password: Optional[str] = None,
        sslmode: str = "disable",
        min_connections: int = 2,
        max_connections: int = 10,
        application_name: str = "manticore-async-db"
    ):
        """Initialize database connection.

        Args:
            database: Database name
            host: Database host
            port: Database port
            user: Database user
            password: Database password
            sslmode: SSL mode (disable, verify-ca, verify-full)
            min_connections: Minimum number of connections in pool
            max_connections: Maximum number of connections in pool
            application_name: Application name for connection
        """
        self.database = database
        self.host = host
        self.port = port
        self.user = user
        self.password = password
        self.sslmode = sslmode
        self.min_connections = min_connections
        self.max_connections = max_connections
        self.application_name = application_name

        # Build connection string
        self.dsn = self._build_dsn()

        # Initialize connection pool
        self._pool = None
        self._pool_manager = None

    def _build_dsn(self) -> str:
        """Build database connection string.

        Returns:
            Database connection string
        """
        # Start with required components
        dsn = f"postgresql://{self.user}"

        # Add password if provided
        if self.password:
            dsn += f":{self.password}"

        # Add host and database
        dsn += f"@{self.host}:{self.port}/{self.database}"

        # Add SSL mode
        dsn += f"?sslmode={self.sslmode}"

        return dsn

    async def connect(self):
        """Connect to database."""
        if self._pool:
            return  # Already connected

        logger.info(
            f"Connecting to database {self.database} with pool size {self.min_connections}-{self.max_connections}"
        )

        try:
            # Create connection string
            conn_str = (
                f"postgresql://{self.user}:{self.password}@{self.host}:{self.port}/"
                f"{self.database}?sslmode={self.sslmode}"
            )

            # Create connection pool
            self._pool = AsyncConnectionPool(
                conn_str,
                min_size=self.min_connections,
                max_size=self.max_connections,
                kwargs={"row_factory": dict_row}
            )

            # Test connection
            async with self._pool.connection() as conn:
                async with conn.cursor() as cur:
                    await cur.execute("SELECT 1")

            logger.info(f"Connected to database {self.database} with pool size {self.min_connections}-{self.max_connections}")
        except Exception as e:
            logger.error(f"Failed to connect to database: {e}")
            if self._pool:
                await self._pool.close()
                self._pool = None
            raise

    async def close(self) -> None:
        """Close database connection pool."""
        if self._pool:
            try:
                await self._pool.__aexit__(None, None, None)
            finally:
                self._pool = None
                self._pool_manager = None
                logger.info("Closed database connection pool")

    async def execute(
        self,
        query: str,
        params: Optional[tuple] = None,
        fetch: bool = True
    ) -> Optional[List[Dict[str, Any]]]:
        """Execute a query and optionally return results.

        Args:
            query: SQL query to execute
            params: Query parameters
            fetch: Whether to return results

        Returns:
            Query results if fetch=True, None otherwise
        """
        if not self._pool:
            await self.connect()

        async with self._pool.connection() as conn:
            async with conn.cursor() as cur:
                await cur.execute(query, params)
                if fetch:
                    try:
                        results = await cur.fetchall()
                        await conn.commit()
                        return results
                    except psycopg.ProgrammingError:
                        # No results to fetch (e.g. for DDL statements)
                        await conn.commit()
                        return None
                else:
                    await conn.commit()
                    return None

    async def create_database(self, name: str) -> None:
        """Create a new database.

        Args:
            name: Database name
        """
        # Connect to default database
        async with AsyncConnectionPool(
            f"postgresql://{self.user}"
            f"{':{}'.format(self.password) if self.password else ''}"
            f"@{self.host}:{self.port}/defaultdb"
            f"?sslmode={self.sslmode}",
            min_size=1,
            max_size=1
        ) as pool:
            async with pool.connection() as conn:
                # Check if database exists
                async with conn.cursor() as cur:
                    await cur.execute(
                        "SELECT datname FROM pg_database WHERE datname = %s",
                        (name,)
                    )
                    if await cur.fetchone():
                        logger.info(f"Database {name} already exists")
                        return

                    # Create database
                    # Use connection.execute instead of cursor to avoid transaction
                    await conn.execute(f'CREATE DATABASE "{name}"')
                    logger.info(f"Created database {name}")

    async def create_table(
        self,
        name: str,
        columns: Dict[str, str],
        if_not_exists: bool = True
    ) -> None:
        """Create a new table.

        Args:
            name: Table name
            columns: Column definitions {name: type}
            if_not_exists: Whether to create table only if it doesn't exist
        """
        # Build column definitions
        col_defs = ", ".join(f"{col} {type_}" for col, type_ in columns.items())

        # Build query
        query = f"CREATE TABLE {'IF NOT EXISTS' if if_not_exists else ''} {name} ({col_defs})"

        # Execute query
        await self.execute(query, fetch=False)
        logger.info(f"Created table {name}")

    async def drop_table(self, name: str, if_exists: bool = True) -> None:
        """Drop a table.

        Args:
            name: Table name
            if_exists: Whether to drop table only if it exists
        """
        # Build query
        query = f"DROP TABLE {'IF EXISTS' if if_exists else ''} {name}"

        # Execute query
        await self.execute(query, fetch=False)
        logger.info(f"Dropped table {name}")

    async def insert(self, table: str, data: Dict[str, Any]) -> Dict[str, Any]:
        """Insert a record.

        Args:
            table: Table name
            data: Record data

        Returns:
            Inserted record
        """
        # Build column list
        columns = ", ".join(data.keys())

        # Build parameter placeholders
        placeholders = ", ".join(f"%s" for _ in data)

        # Build query
        query = f"INSERT INTO {table} ({columns}) VALUES ({placeholders}) RETURNING *"

        # Execute query
        result = await self.execute(query, tuple(data.values()))
        return result[0]

    async def select(
        self,
        table: str,
        columns: Optional[List[str]] = None,
        where: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None,
        order_by: Optional[str] = None,
        limit: Optional[int] = None
    ) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
        """Select records from a table.

        Args:
            table: Table name
            columns: Columns to select
            where: Where conditions {column: value}
            order_by: Order by clause
            limit: Result limit

        Returns:
            Selected records
        """
        # Build query
        cols = "*" if not columns else ", ".join(columns)
        query = f'SELECT {cols} FROM "{table}"'

        # Add where clause
        params = []
        if where:
            conditions = []
            for col, value in where.items():
                conditions.append(f"{col} = %s")
                params.append(value)
            query += f" WHERE {' AND '.join(conditions)}"

        # Add order by
        if order_by:
            query += f" ORDER BY {order_by}"

        # Add limit
        if limit:
            query += f" LIMIT {limit}"

        # Execute query
        return await self.execute(query, tuple(params) if params else None)

    async def update(
        self,
        table: str,
        data: Dict[str, Any],
        where: Dict[str, Any]
    ) -> Optional[Dict[str, Any]]:
        """Update records.

        Args:
            table: Table name
            data: Update data
            where: Filter conditions

        Returns:
            Updated record
        """
        # Build update expressions
        updates = []
        update_params = []
        for key, value in data.items():
            updates.append(f"{key} = %s")
            update_params.append(value)

        # Build where conditions
        conditions = []
        where_params = []
        for key, value in where.items():
            conditions.append(f"{key} = %s")
            where_params.append(value)

        # Build query
        query = f"UPDATE {table} SET {', '.join(updates)} WHERE {' AND '.join(conditions)} RETURNING *"

        # Execute query
        result = await self.execute(query, tuple(update_params + where_params))
        return result[0] if result else None

    async def delete(
        self,
        table: str,
        where: Dict[str, Any]
    ) -> bool:
        """Delete records.

        Args:
            table: Table name
            where: Filter conditions

        Returns:
            Whether any records were deleted
        """
        # Build where conditions
        conditions = []
        params = []
        for key, value in where.items():
            conditions.append(f"{key} = %s")
            params.append(value)

        # Build query
        query = f"DELETE FROM {table} WHERE {' AND '.join(conditions)}"

        # Execute query
        before = await self.execute(f"SELECT COUNT(*) as count FROM {table} WHERE {' AND '.join(conditions)}", tuple(params))
        await self.execute(query, tuple(params), fetch=False)

        # Return whether any records were deleted
        return before[0]["count"] > 0 if before else False

    @classmethod
    def from_url(cls, url: str) -> 'AsyncDatabase':
        """Create database instance from URL.

        Args:
            url: Database URL

        Returns:
            Database instance
        """
        parsed = urlparse(url)
        params = parse_qs(parsed.query)

        db = cls(
            database=parsed.path.lstrip('/'),
            host=parsed.hostname or "localhost",
            port=parsed.port or 26257,
            user=parsed.username or "root",
            password=parsed.password,
            sslmode=params.get('sslmode', ['disable'])[0]
        )

        # Don't connect here, as we'll connect explicitly after creation
        return db

    async def __aenter__(self) -> 'AsyncDatabase':
        """Enter context."""
        if not self._pool:
            await self.connect()
        return self

    async def __aexit__(self, exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb) -> None:
        """Exit context."""
        await self.close()

    async def transaction(self) -> AsyncTransaction:
        """Start a transaction.

        Returns:
            Transaction context manager
        """
        if not self._pool:
            await self.connect()

        conn = await self._pool.connection()
        return AsyncTransaction(conn)

    async def run_in_transaction(
        self,
        operation: Callable[[psycopg.AsyncConnection], T],
        max_retries: int = 3
    ) -> T:
        """Run an operation in a transaction with retry logic.

        Args:
            operation: Operation to run
            max_retries: Maximum number of retry attempts

        Returns:
            Operation result

        Raises:
            ValueError: If transaction fails after max retries
        """
        if not self._pool:
            raise RuntimeError("Database not connected")

        async with self._pool.connection() as conn:
            for retry in range(max_retries):
                try:
                    async with AsyncTransaction(conn) as tx_conn:
                        result = await operation(tx_conn)
                        return result
                except SerializationFailure as e:
                    if retry == max_retries - 1:
                        raise ValueError(
                            f"Transaction failed after {max_retries} retries: {e}"
                        )
                    # Exponential backoff
                    sleep_ms = (2 ** retry) * 100 * (random.random() + 0.5)
                    await asyncio.sleep(sleep_ms / 1000)
                    continue

            # This should never be reached, but just in case
            raise ValueError(f"Transaction failed after {max_retries} retries")

    async def batch_insert(
        self, 
        table: str, 
        records: List[Dict[str, Any]]
    ) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
        """Insert multiple records into a table.

        Args:
            table: Table name
            records: Records to insert

        Returns:
            Inserted records
        """
        if not records:
            return []

        # Ensure all records have the same keys
        keys = set(records[0].keys())
        for record in records:
            if set(record.keys()) != keys:
                raise ValueError("All records must have the same keys")

        # Build query
        columns = list(keys)
        placeholders = ", ".join([
            f"({', '.join(['%s'] * len(columns))})" 
            for _ in range(len(records))
        ])
        query = f"""
            INSERT INTO "{table}" ({", ".join(columns)})
            VALUES {placeholders}
            RETURNING *
        """

        # Flatten values
        values = []
        for record in records:
            for col in columns:
                values.append(record[col])

        # Execute query
        results = await self.execute(query, tuple(values))
        return results

    async def batch_update(
        self, 
        table: str, 
        records: List[Dict[str, Any]], 
        key_column: str = "id"
    ) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
        """Update multiple records in a table.

        Args:
            table: Table name
            records: Records to update
            key_column: Primary key column

        Returns:
            Updated records
        """
        if not records:
            return []

        # Ensure all records have the key column and at least one more column
        for record in records:
            if key_column not in record:
                raise ValueError(f"All records must have the '{key_column}' column")
            if len(record) < 2:
                raise ValueError("Records must have at least one column to update")

        # Process records one by one for now
        # In the future, this could be optimized with bulk operations
        results = []
        for record in records:
            update_data = {k: v for k, v in record.items() if k != key_column}
            key_value = record[key_column]
            updated = await self.update(table, update_data, {key_column: key_value})
            if updated:
                results.append(updated)

        return results 

Functions

__init__(database='defaultdb', host='localhost', port=26257, user='root', password=None, sslmode='disable', min_connections=2, max_connections=10, application_name='manticore-async-db')

Initialize database connection.

Parameters:

Name	Type	Description	Default
database	str	Database name	'defaultdb'
host	str	Database host	'localhost'
port	int	Database port	26257
user	str	Database user	'root'
password	Optional[str]	Database password	None
sslmode	str	SSL mode (disable, verify-ca, verify-full)	'disable'
min_connections	int	Minimum number of connections in pool	2
max_connections	int	Maximum number of connections in pool	10
application_name	str	Application name for connection	'manticore-async-db'

Source code in manticore_cockroachdb/async_database.py

def __init__(
    self,
    database: str = "defaultdb",
    host: str = "localhost",
    port: int = 26257,
    user: str = "root",
    password: Optional[str] = None,
    sslmode: str = "disable",
    min_connections: int = 2,
    max_connections: int = 10,
    application_name: str = "manticore-async-db"
):
    """Initialize database connection.

    Args:
        database: Database name
        host: Database host
        port: Database port
        user: Database user
        password: Database password
        sslmode: SSL mode (disable, verify-ca, verify-full)
        min_connections: Minimum number of connections in pool
        max_connections: Maximum number of connections in pool
        application_name: Application name for connection
    """
    self.database = database
    self.host = host
    self.port = port
    self.user = user
    self.password = password
    self.sslmode = sslmode
    self.min_connections = min_connections
    self.max_connections = max_connections
    self.application_name = application_name

    # Build connection string
    self.dsn = self._build_dsn()

    # Initialize connection pool
    self._pool = None
    self._pool_manager = None

_build_dsn()

Build database connection string.

Returns:

Type	Description
str	Database connection string

Source code in manticore_cockroachdb/async_database.py

def _build_dsn(self) -> str:
    """Build database connection string.

    Returns:
        Database connection string
    """
    # Start with required components
    dsn = f"postgresql://{self.user}"

    # Add password if provided
    if self.password:
        dsn += f":{self.password}"

    # Add host and database
    dsn += f"@{self.host}:{self.port}/{self.database}"

    # Add SSL mode
    dsn += f"?sslmode={self.sslmode}"

    return dsn

connect() async

Connect to database.

Source code in manticore_cockroachdb/async_database.py

async def connect(self):
    """Connect to database."""
    if self._pool:
        return  # Already connected

    logger.info(
        f"Connecting to database {self.database} with pool size {self.min_connections}-{self.max_connections}"
    )

    try:
        # Create connection string
        conn_str = (
            f"postgresql://{self.user}:{self.password}@{self.host}:{self.port}/"
            f"{self.database}?sslmode={self.sslmode}"
        )

        # Create connection pool
        self._pool = AsyncConnectionPool(
            conn_str,
            min_size=self.min_connections,
            max_size=self.max_connections,
            kwargs={"row_factory": dict_row}
        )

        # Test connection
        async with self._pool.connection() as conn:
            async with conn.cursor() as cur:
                await cur.execute("SELECT 1")

        logger.info(f"Connected to database {self.database} with pool size {self.min_connections}-{self.max_connections}")
    except Exception as e:
        logger.error(f"Failed to connect to database: {e}")
        if self._pool:
            await self._pool.close()
            self._pool = None
        raise

close() async

Close database connection pool.

Source code in manticore_cockroachdb/async_database.py

async def close(self) -> None:
    """Close database connection pool."""
    if self._pool:
        try:
            await self._pool.__aexit__(None, None, None)
        finally:
            self._pool = None
            self._pool_manager = None
            logger.info("Closed database connection pool")

execute(query, params=None, fetch=True) async

Execute a query and optionally return results.

Parameters:

Name	Type	Description	Default
query	str	SQL query to execute	required
params	Optional[tuple]	Query parameters	None
fetch	bool	Whether to return results	True

Returns:

Type	Description
Optional[List[Dict[str, Any]]]	Query results if fetch=True, None otherwise

Source code in manticore_cockroachdb/async_database.py

async def execute(
    self,
    query: str,
    params: Optional[tuple] = None,
    fetch: bool = True
) -> Optional[List[Dict[str, Any]]]:
    """Execute a query and optionally return results.

    Args:
        query: SQL query to execute
        params: Query parameters
        fetch: Whether to return results

    Returns:
        Query results if fetch=True, None otherwise
    """
    if not self._pool:
        await self.connect()

    async with self._pool.connection() as conn:
        async with conn.cursor() as cur:
            await cur.execute(query, params)
            if fetch:
                try:
                    results = await cur.fetchall()
                    await conn.commit()
                    return results
                except psycopg.ProgrammingError:
                    # No results to fetch (e.g. for DDL statements)
                    await conn.commit()
                    return None
            else:
                await conn.commit()
                return None

create_database(name) async

Create a new database.

Parameters:

Name	Type	Description	Default
name	str	Database name	required

Source code in manticore_cockroachdb/async_database.py

async def create_database(self, name: str) -> None:
    """Create a new database.

    Args:
        name: Database name
    """
    # Connect to default database
    async with AsyncConnectionPool(
        f"postgresql://{self.user}"
        f"{':{}'.format(self.password) if self.password else ''}"
        f"@{self.host}:{self.port}/defaultdb"
        f"?sslmode={self.sslmode}",
        min_size=1,
        max_size=1
    ) as pool:
        async with pool.connection() as conn:
            # Check if database exists
            async with conn.cursor() as cur:
                await cur.execute(
                    "SELECT datname FROM pg_database WHERE datname = %s",
                    (name,)
                )
                if await cur.fetchone():
                    logger.info(f"Database {name} already exists")
                    return

                # Create database
                # Use connection.execute instead of cursor to avoid transaction
                await conn.execute(f'CREATE DATABASE "{name}"')
                logger.info(f"Created database {name}")

create_table(name, columns, if_not_exists=True) async

Create a new table.

Parameters:

Name	Type	Description	Default
name	str	Table name	required
columns	Dict[str, str]	Column definitions {name: type}	required
if_not_exists	bool	Whether to create table only if it doesn't exist	True

Source code in manticore_cockroachdb/async_database.py

async def create_table(
    self,
    name: str,
    columns: Dict[str, str],
    if_not_exists: bool = True
) -> None:
    """Create a new table.

    Args:
        name: Table name
        columns: Column definitions {name: type}
        if_not_exists: Whether to create table only if it doesn't exist
    """
    # Build column definitions
    col_defs = ", ".join(f"{col} {type_}" for col, type_ in columns.items())

    # Build query
    query = f"CREATE TABLE {'IF NOT EXISTS' if if_not_exists else ''} {name} ({col_defs})"

    # Execute query
    await self.execute(query, fetch=False)
    logger.info(f"Created table {name}")

drop_table(name, if_exists=True) async

Drop a table.

Parameters:

Name	Type	Description	Default
name	str	Table name	required
if_exists	bool	Whether to drop table only if it exists	True

Source code in manticore_cockroachdb/async_database.py

async def drop_table(self, name: str, if_exists: bool = True) -> None:
    """Drop a table.

    Args:
        name: Table name
        if_exists: Whether to drop table only if it exists
    """
    # Build query
    query = f"DROP TABLE {'IF EXISTS' if if_exists else ''} {name}"

    # Execute query
    await self.execute(query, fetch=False)
    logger.info(f"Dropped table {name}")

insert(table, data) async

Insert a record.

Parameters:

Name	Type	Description	Default
table	str	Table name	required
data	Dict[str, Any]	Record data	required

Returns:

Type	Description
Dict[str, Any]	Inserted record

Source code in manticore_cockroachdb/async_database.py

async def insert(self, table: str, data: Dict[str, Any]) -> Dict[str, Any]:
    """Insert a record.

    Args:
        table: Table name
        data: Record data

    Returns:
        Inserted record
    """
    # Build column list
    columns = ", ".join(data.keys())

    # Build parameter placeholders
    placeholders = ", ".join(f"%s" for _ in data)

    # Build query
    query = f"INSERT INTO {table} ({columns}) VALUES ({placeholders}) RETURNING *"

    # Execute query
    result = await self.execute(query, tuple(data.values()))
    return result[0]

select(table, columns=None, where=None, order_by=None, limit=None) async

Select records from a table.

Parameters:

Name	Type	Description	Default
table	str	Table name	required
columns	Optional[List[str]]	Columns to select	None
where	Optional[Dict[str, Any]]	Where conditions {column: value}	None
order_by	Optional[str]	Order by clause	None
limit	Optional[int]	Result limit	None

Returns:

Type	Description
List[Dict[str, Any]]	Selected records

Source code in manticore_cockroachdb/async_database.py

async def select(
    self,
    table: str,
    columns: Optional[List[str]] = None,
    where: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None,
    order_by: Optional[str] = None,
    limit: Optional[int] = None
) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
    """Select records from a table.

    Args:
        table: Table name
        columns: Columns to select
        where: Where conditions {column: value}
        order_by: Order by clause
        limit: Result limit

    Returns:
        Selected records
    """
    # Build query
    cols = "*" if not columns else ", ".join(columns)
    query = f'SELECT {cols} FROM "{table}"'

    # Add where clause
    params = []
    if where:
        conditions = []
        for col, value in where.items():
            conditions.append(f"{col} = %s")
            params.append(value)
        query += f" WHERE {' AND '.join(conditions)}"

    # Add order by
    if order_by:
        query += f" ORDER BY {order_by}"

    # Add limit
    if limit:
        query += f" LIMIT {limit}"

    # Execute query
    return await self.execute(query, tuple(params) if params else None)

update(table, data, where) async

Update records.

Parameters:

Name	Type	Description	Default
table	str	Table name	required
data	Dict[str, Any]	Update data	required
where	Dict[str, Any]	Filter conditions	required

Returns:

Type	Description
Optional[Dict[str, Any]]	Updated record

Source code in manticore_cockroachdb/async_database.py

async def update(
    self,
    table: str,
    data: Dict[str, Any],
    where: Dict[str, Any]
) -> Optional[Dict[str, Any]]:
    """Update records.

    Args:
        table: Table name
        data: Update data
        where: Filter conditions

    Returns:
        Updated record
    """
    # Build update expressions
    updates = []
    update_params = []
    for key, value in data.items():
        updates.append(f"{key} = %s")
        update_params.append(value)

    # Build where conditions
    conditions = []
    where_params = []
    for key, value in where.items():
        conditions.append(f"{key} = %s")
        where_params.append(value)

    # Build query
    query = f"UPDATE {table} SET {', '.join(updates)} WHERE {' AND '.join(conditions)} RETURNING *"

    # Execute query
    result = await self.execute(query, tuple(update_params + where_params))
    return result[0] if result else None

delete(table, where) async

Delete records.

Parameters:

Name	Type	Description	Default
table	str	Table name	required
where	Dict[str, Any]	Filter conditions	required

Returns:

Type	Description
bool	Whether any records were deleted

Source code in manticore_cockroachdb/async_database.py

async def delete(
    self,
    table: str,
    where: Dict[str, Any]
) -> bool:
    """Delete records.

    Args:
        table: Table name
        where: Filter conditions

    Returns:
        Whether any records were deleted
    """
    # Build where conditions
    conditions = []
    params = []
    for key, value in where.items():
        conditions.append(f"{key} = %s")
        params.append(value)

    # Build query
    query = f"DELETE FROM {table} WHERE {' AND '.join(conditions)}"

    # Execute query
    before = await self.execute(f"SELECT COUNT(*) as count FROM {table} WHERE {' AND '.join(conditions)}", tuple(params))
    await self.execute(query, tuple(params), fetch=False)

    # Return whether any records were deleted
    return before[0]["count"] > 0 if before else False

from_url(url) classmethod

Create database instance from URL.

Parameters:

Name	Type	Description	Default
url	str	Database URL	required

Returns:

Type	Description
AsyncDatabase	Database instance

Source code in manticore_cockroachdb/async_database.py

@classmethod
def from_url(cls, url: str) -> 'AsyncDatabase':
    """Create database instance from URL.

    Args:
        url: Database URL

    Returns:
        Database instance
    """
    parsed = urlparse(url)
    params = parse_qs(parsed.query)

    db = cls(
        database=parsed.path.lstrip('/'),
        host=parsed.hostname or "localhost",
        port=parsed.port or 26257,
        user=parsed.username or "root",
        password=parsed.password,
        sslmode=params.get('sslmode', ['disable'])[0]
    )

    # Don't connect here, as we'll connect explicitly after creation
    return db

__aenter__() async

Enter context.

Source code in manticore_cockroachdb/async_database.py

async def __aenter__(self) -> 'AsyncDatabase':
    """Enter context."""
    if not self._pool:
        await self.connect()
    return self

__aexit__(exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb) async

Exit context.

Source code in manticore_cockroachdb/async_database.py

async def __aexit__(self, exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb) -> None:
    """Exit context."""
    await self.close()

transaction() async

Start a transaction.

Returns:

Type	Description
AsyncTransaction	Transaction context manager

Source code in manticore_cockroachdb/async_database.py

async def transaction(self) -> AsyncTransaction:
    """Start a transaction.

    Returns:
        Transaction context manager
    """
    if not self._pool:
        await self.connect()

    conn = await self._pool.connection()
    return AsyncTransaction(conn)

run_in_transaction(operation, max_retries=3) async

Run an operation in a transaction with retry logic.

Parameters:

Name	Type	Description	Default
operation	Callable[[AsyncConnection], T]	Operation to run	required
max_retries	int	Maximum number of retry attempts	3

Returns:

Type	Description
T	Operation result

Raises:

Type	Description
ValueError	If transaction fails after max retries

Source code in manticore_cockroachdb/async_database.py

async def run_in_transaction(
    self,
    operation: Callable[[psycopg.AsyncConnection], T],
    max_retries: int = 3
) -> T:
    """Run an operation in a transaction with retry logic.

    Args:
        operation: Operation to run
        max_retries: Maximum number of retry attempts

    Returns:
        Operation result

    Raises:
        ValueError: If transaction fails after max retries
    """
    if not self._pool:
        raise RuntimeError("Database not connected")

    async with self._pool.connection() as conn:
        for retry in range(max_retries):
            try:
                async with AsyncTransaction(conn) as tx_conn:
                    result = await operation(tx_conn)
                    return result
            except SerializationFailure as e:
                if retry == max_retries - 1:
                    raise ValueError(
                        f"Transaction failed after {max_retries} retries: {e}"
                    )
                # Exponential backoff
                sleep_ms = (2 ** retry) * 100 * (random.random() + 0.5)
                await asyncio.sleep(sleep_ms / 1000)
                continue

        # This should never be reached, but just in case
        raise ValueError(f"Transaction failed after {max_retries} retries")

batch_insert(table, records) async

Insert multiple records into a table.

Parameters:

Name	Type	Description	Default
table	str	Table name	required
records	List[Dict[str, Any]]	Records to insert	required

Returns:

Type	Description
List[Dict[str, Any]]	Inserted records

Source code in manticore_cockroachdb/async_database.py

async def batch_insert(
    self, 
    table: str, 
    records: List[Dict[str, Any]]
) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
    """Insert multiple records into a table.

    Args:
        table: Table name
        records: Records to insert

    Returns:
        Inserted records
    """
    if not records:
        return []

    # Ensure all records have the same keys
    keys = set(records[0].keys())
    for record in records:
        if set(record.keys()) != keys:
            raise ValueError("All records must have the same keys")

    # Build query
    columns = list(keys)
    placeholders = ", ".join([
        f"({', '.join(['%s'] * len(columns))})" 
        for _ in range(len(records))
    ])
    query = f"""
        INSERT INTO "{table}" ({", ".join(columns)})
        VALUES {placeholders}
        RETURNING *
    """

    # Flatten values
    values = []
    for record in records:
        for col in columns:
            values.append(record[col])

    # Execute query
    results = await self.execute(query, tuple(values))
    return results

batch_update(table, records, key_column='id') async

Update multiple records in a table.

Parameters:

Name	Type	Description	Default
table	str	Table name	required
records	List[Dict[str, Any]]	Records to update	required
key_column	str	Primary key column	'id'

Returns:

Type	Description
List[Dict[str, Any]]	Updated records

Source code in manticore_cockroachdb/async_database.py

async def batch_update(
    self, 
    table: str, 
    records: List[Dict[str, Any]], 
    key_column: str = "id"
) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
    """Update multiple records in a table.

    Args:
        table: Table name
        records: Records to update
        key_column: Primary key column

    Returns:
        Updated records
    """
    if not records:
        return []

    # Ensure all records have the key column and at least one more column
    for record in records:
        if key_column not in record:
            raise ValueError(f"All records must have the '{key_column}' column")
        if len(record) < 2:
            raise ValueError("Records must have at least one column to update")

    # Process records one by one for now
    # In the future, this could be optimized with bulk operations
    results = []
    for record in records:
        update_data = {k: v for k, v in record.items() if k != key_column}
        key_value = record[key_column]
        updated = await self.update(table, update_data, {key_column: key_value})
        if updated:
            results.append(updated)

    return results 

Usage Examples

import asyncio
from manticore_cockroachdb import AsyncDatabase

async def main():
    # Connect to database
    db = AsyncDatabase(
        host="localhost",
        port=26257,
        database="example_db",
        user="root",
        password="",
        ssl_mode="disable"
    )

    # Or connect using a URL
    # db = AsyncDatabase.from_url("postgresql://root@localhost:26257/example_db?sslmode=disable")

    # Connect to the database
    await db.connect()

    try:
        # Create a table
        await db.create_table(
            "async_users",
            {
                "id": "UUID PRIMARY KEY DEFAULT gen_random_uuid()",
                "name": "TEXT NOT NULL",
                "email": "TEXT UNIQUE NOT NULL",
                "age": "INTEGER",
                "active": "BOOLEAN DEFAULT TRUE"
            },
            if_not_exists=True
        )

        # Insert data
        user_id = await db.insert("async_users", {
            "name": "John Doe",
            "email": "john@example.com",
            "age": 30
        })

        # Select data
        user = await db.select_one("async_users", where={"id": user_id})
        print(f"User: {user['name']}, Email: {user['email']}")

        # Update data
        await db.update("async_users", {"age": 31}, where={"id": user_id})

        # Delete data
        await db.delete("async_users", where={"id": user_id})

        # Execute raw SQL
        results = await db.execute("SELECT * FROM async_users WHERE age > %s", [25])

        # Use transactions
        async with db.transaction():
            await db.insert("async_users", {"name": "Alice", "email": "alice@example.com", "age": 25})
            await db.insert("async_users", {"name": "Bob", "email": "bob@example.com", "age": 28})

    finally:
        # Close the connection
        await db.close()

# Run the async function
asyncio.run(main())