cplx_mobius — MATH complex op

Data kinds: cpointscpoints

Call: import mathops; mathops.cplx_mobius(z, a, b, c, d) (or opsmath.get("cplx_mobius"))

Usage

Möbius (linear fractional) map `w = (a z + b) / (c z + d)`.

The automorphisms of the Riemann sphere: every Möbius map is conformal and

sends circles-and-lines to circles-and-lines. Two standard cases the tests

pin: the Cayley transform `(z - i)/(z + i)` maps the real axis onto the

unit circle (`|w| = 1) and i to 0; the inversion 1/z` maps the

unit circle onto itself.

The determinant `a d - b c` must not vanish — that degenerate case is not

a map but a constant (every point collapses to `a/c`), which is refused

rather than returned as a suspiciously uniform answer.

Raises `ValueError: |a d - b c| below 1e-12` of the

coefficient scale (degenerate/constant map), a sample at the pole

`z = -d/c` (the image is the point at infinity, which float64 cannot

represent), an overflowed result (a sample microscopically close to that

pole), plus the usual shape and finiteness contracts.

HALCON: no operator (`projective_trans_point_2d` is the real-plane

projective analogue).

Family-wide input contract (fail-closed)

Every mathops op validates its input before computing (nothing slips through silently):

• **complex input raises ValueError** — coercing to float64 silently discards the imaginary part (numpy only emits a ComplexWarning and returns a plausible-looking wrong real number). State .real/.imag/abs() explicitly, or use complexops, which handles complex data.

• **masked arrays with masked elements raise ValueError** — the implicit conversion that peels off the mask and uses the raw values underneath is refused. Say explicitly whether to fill or to drop.

• **NaN/Inf raises ValueError on every input** (refused with the count stated — it propagates through the whole result).

Shapes are strict: 1-D and 2-D are never implicitly promoted or broadcast (a matrix in a vector slot, or a vector in a matrix slot, raises ValueError; reshape explicitly).

Size cap: ops that take a matrix, and the stat_histogram bins, raise ValueError beyond mathops.MAX_ELEMENTS (2^26 ≈ 67 million elements).

Detailed usage guide

math_metrology family guide

References (sample data, literature)

• Sample-data catalog (download URLs / licences) — 2-D uses skimage.data (BSD/public domain) plus synthetic images; 3-D lists download URLs for real data sources (Stanford, PDS, …).

• Operator provenance and references — the sources of the research/methods this op family came from.

• The canonical algorithm (author, year) and its uses are named in the family usage guide above.

Runnable examples (verified samples that actually call this op)

math_complexpy -3.11 examples/math_complex.py

Ops the type connects to (they accept cpoints as input)

cplx_poly_eval · cplx_contour_integral · cplx_winding_number · cplx_cauchy_value · cplx_argument_principle · cplx_laurent_coeffs · cplx_joukowski

Same category (complex)

cplx_contour_circle · cplx_poly_eval · cplx_contour_integral · cplx_winding_number · cplx_cauchy_value · cplx_argument_principle · cplx_laurent_coeffs · cplx_joukowski


*Provenance: mathops.py — MATH operator registry. This per-op note is generated by tools/opdocs.py md (do not hand-edit).*

© 2026 Kazufumi Furuse — Fullseye operator documentation. Licensed under Apache-2.0.