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sqlglot.tokens

   1from __future__ import annotations
   2
   3import typing as t
   4from enum import auto
   5
   6from sqlglot.helper import AutoName
   7from sqlglot.trie import in_trie, new_trie
   8
   9
  10class TokenType(AutoName):
  11    L_PAREN = auto()
  12    R_PAREN = auto()
  13    L_BRACKET = auto()
  14    R_BRACKET = auto()
  15    L_BRACE = auto()
  16    R_BRACE = auto()
  17    COMMA = auto()
  18    DOT = auto()
  19    DASH = auto()
  20    PLUS = auto()
  21    COLON = auto()
  22    DCOLON = auto()
  23    SEMICOLON = auto()
  24    STAR = auto()
  25    BACKSLASH = auto()
  26    SLASH = auto()
  27    LT = auto()
  28    LTE = auto()
  29    GT = auto()
  30    GTE = auto()
  31    NOT = auto()
  32    EQ = auto()
  33    NEQ = auto()
  34    NULLSAFE_EQ = auto()
  35    AND = auto()
  36    OR = auto()
  37    AMP = auto()
  38    DPIPE = auto()
  39    PIPE = auto()
  40    CARET = auto()
  41    TILDA = auto()
  42    ARROW = auto()
  43    DARROW = auto()
  44    FARROW = auto()
  45    HASH = auto()
  46    HASH_ARROW = auto()
  47    DHASH_ARROW = auto()
  48    LR_ARROW = auto()
  49    LT_AT = auto()
  50    AT_GT = auto()
  51    DOLLAR = auto()
  52    PARAMETER = auto()
  53    SESSION_PARAMETER = auto()
  54    DAMP = auto()
  55
  56    BLOCK_START = auto()
  57    BLOCK_END = auto()
  58
  59    SPACE = auto()
  60    BREAK = auto()
  61
  62    STRING = auto()
  63    NUMBER = auto()
  64    IDENTIFIER = auto()
  65    DATABASE = auto()
  66    COLUMN = auto()
  67    COLUMN_DEF = auto()
  68    SCHEMA = auto()
  69    TABLE = auto()
  70    VAR = auto()
  71    BIT_STRING = auto()
  72    HEX_STRING = auto()
  73    BYTE_STRING = auto()
  74    NATIONAL_STRING = auto()
  75    RAW_STRING = auto()
  76
  77    # types
  78    BIT = auto()
  79    BOOLEAN = auto()
  80    TINYINT = auto()
  81    UTINYINT = auto()
  82    SMALLINT = auto()
  83    USMALLINT = auto()
  84    INT = auto()
  85    UINT = auto()
  86    BIGINT = auto()
  87    UBIGINT = auto()
  88    INT128 = auto()
  89    UINT128 = auto()
  90    INT256 = auto()
  91    UINT256 = auto()
  92    FLOAT = auto()
  93    DOUBLE = auto()
  94    DECIMAL = auto()
  95    BIGDECIMAL = auto()
  96    CHAR = auto()
  97    NCHAR = auto()
  98    VARCHAR = auto()
  99    NVARCHAR = auto()
 100    TEXT = auto()
 101    MEDIUMTEXT = auto()
 102    LONGTEXT = auto()
 103    MEDIUMBLOB = auto()
 104    LONGBLOB = auto()
 105    BINARY = auto()
 106    VARBINARY = auto()
 107    JSON = auto()
 108    JSONB = auto()
 109    TIME = auto()
 110    TIMESTAMP = auto()
 111    TIMESTAMPTZ = auto()
 112    TIMESTAMPLTZ = auto()
 113    DATETIME = auto()
 114    DATETIME64 = auto()
 115    DATE = auto()
 116    INT4RANGE = auto()
 117    INT4MULTIRANGE = auto()
 118    INT8RANGE = auto()
 119    INT8MULTIRANGE = auto()
 120    NUMRANGE = auto()
 121    NUMMULTIRANGE = auto()
 122    TSRANGE = auto()
 123    TSMULTIRANGE = auto()
 124    TSTZRANGE = auto()
 125    TSTZMULTIRANGE = auto()
 126    DATERANGE = auto()
 127    DATEMULTIRANGE = auto()
 128    UUID = auto()
 129    GEOGRAPHY = auto()
 130    NULLABLE = auto()
 131    GEOMETRY = auto()
 132    HLLSKETCH = auto()
 133    HSTORE = auto()
 134    SUPER = auto()
 135    SERIAL = auto()
 136    SMALLSERIAL = auto()
 137    BIGSERIAL = auto()
 138    XML = auto()
 139    UNIQUEIDENTIFIER = auto()
 140    MONEY = auto()
 141    SMALLMONEY = auto()
 142    ROWVERSION = auto()
 143    IMAGE = auto()
 144    VARIANT = auto()
 145    OBJECT = auto()
 146    INET = auto()
 147
 148    # keywords
 149    ALIAS = auto()
 150    ALTER = auto()
 151    ALWAYS = auto()
 152    ALL = auto()
 153    ANTI = auto()
 154    ANY = auto()
 155    APPLY = auto()
 156    ARRAY = auto()
 157    ASC = auto()
 158    ASOF = auto()
 159    AUTO_INCREMENT = auto()
 160    BEGIN = auto()
 161    BETWEEN = auto()
 162    CACHE = auto()
 163    CASE = auto()
 164    CHARACTER_SET = auto()
 165    COLLATE = auto()
 166    COMMAND = auto()
 167    COMMENT = auto()
 168    COMMIT = auto()
 169    CONSTRAINT = auto()
 170    CREATE = auto()
 171    CROSS = auto()
 172    CUBE = auto()
 173    CURRENT_DATE = auto()
 174    CURRENT_DATETIME = auto()
 175    CURRENT_TIME = auto()
 176    CURRENT_TIMESTAMP = auto()
 177    CURRENT_USER = auto()
 178    DEFAULT = auto()
 179    DELETE = auto()
 180    DESC = auto()
 181    DESCRIBE = auto()
 182    DICTIONARY = auto()
 183    DISTINCT = auto()
 184    DIV = auto()
 185    DROP = auto()
 186    ELSE = auto()
 187    END = auto()
 188    ESCAPE = auto()
 189    EXCEPT = auto()
 190    EXECUTE = auto()
 191    EXISTS = auto()
 192    FALSE = auto()
 193    FETCH = auto()
 194    FILTER = auto()
 195    FINAL = auto()
 196    FIRST = auto()
 197    FOR = auto()
 198    FOREIGN_KEY = auto()
 199    FORMAT = auto()
 200    FROM = auto()
 201    FULL = auto()
 202    FUNCTION = auto()
 203    GLOB = auto()
 204    GLOBAL = auto()
 205    GROUP_BY = auto()
 206    GROUPING_SETS = auto()
 207    HAVING = auto()
 208    HINT = auto()
 209    IF = auto()
 210    ILIKE = auto()
 211    ILIKE_ANY = auto()
 212    IN = auto()
 213    INDEX = auto()
 214    INNER = auto()
 215    INSERT = auto()
 216    INTERSECT = auto()
 217    INTERVAL = auto()
 218    INTO = auto()
 219    INTRODUCER = auto()
 220    IRLIKE = auto()
 221    IS = auto()
 222    ISNULL = auto()
 223    JOIN = auto()
 224    JOIN_MARKER = auto()
 225    KEEP = auto()
 226    LANGUAGE = auto()
 227    LATERAL = auto()
 228    LEFT = auto()
 229    LIKE = auto()
 230    LIKE_ANY = auto()
 231    LIMIT = auto()
 232    LOAD = auto()
 233    LOCK = auto()
 234    MAP = auto()
 235    MATCH_RECOGNIZE = auto()
 236    MERGE = auto()
 237    MOD = auto()
 238    NATURAL = auto()
 239    NEXT = auto()
 240    NEXT_VALUE_FOR = auto()
 241    NOTNULL = auto()
 242    NULL = auto()
 243    OFFSET = auto()
 244    ON = auto()
 245    ORDER_BY = auto()
 246    ORDERED = auto()
 247    ORDINALITY = auto()
 248    OUTER = auto()
 249    OVER = auto()
 250    OVERLAPS = auto()
 251    OVERWRITE = auto()
 252    PARTITION = auto()
 253    PARTITION_BY = auto()
 254    PERCENT = auto()
 255    PIVOT = auto()
 256    PLACEHOLDER = auto()
 257    PRAGMA = auto()
 258    PRIMARY_KEY = auto()
 259    PROCEDURE = auto()
 260    PROPERTIES = auto()
 261    PSEUDO_TYPE = auto()
 262    QUALIFY = auto()
 263    QUOTE = auto()
 264    RANGE = auto()
 265    RECURSIVE = auto()
 266    REPLACE = auto()
 267    RETURNING = auto()
 268    REFERENCES = auto()
 269    RIGHT = auto()
 270    RLIKE = auto()
 271    ROLLBACK = auto()
 272    ROLLUP = auto()
 273    ROW = auto()
 274    ROWS = auto()
 275    SELECT = auto()
 276    SEMI = auto()
 277    SEPARATOR = auto()
 278    SERDE_PROPERTIES = auto()
 279    SET = auto()
 280    SETTINGS = auto()
 281    SHOW = auto()
 282    SIMILAR_TO = auto()
 283    SOME = auto()
 284    STRUCT = auto()
 285    TABLE_SAMPLE = auto()
 286    TEMPORARY = auto()
 287    TOP = auto()
 288    THEN = auto()
 289    TRUE = auto()
 290    UNCACHE = auto()
 291    UNION = auto()
 292    UNNEST = auto()
 293    UNPIVOT = auto()
 294    UPDATE = auto()
 295    USE = auto()
 296    USING = auto()
 297    VALUES = auto()
 298    VIEW = auto()
 299    VOLATILE = auto()
 300    WHEN = auto()
 301    WHERE = auto()
 302    WINDOW = auto()
 303    WITH = auto()
 304    UNIQUE = auto()
 305
 306
 307class Token:
 308    __slots__ = ("token_type", "text", "line", "col", "start", "end", "comments")
 309
 310    @classmethod
 311    def number(cls, number: int) -> Token:
 312        """Returns a NUMBER token with `number` as its text."""
 313        return cls(TokenType.NUMBER, str(number))
 314
 315    @classmethod
 316    def string(cls, string: str) -> Token:
 317        """Returns a STRING token with `string` as its text."""
 318        return cls(TokenType.STRING, string)
 319
 320    @classmethod
 321    def identifier(cls, identifier: str) -> Token:
 322        """Returns an IDENTIFIER token with `identifier` as its text."""
 323        return cls(TokenType.IDENTIFIER, identifier)
 324
 325    @classmethod
 326    def var(cls, var: str) -> Token:
 327        """Returns an VAR token with `var` as its text."""
 328        return cls(TokenType.VAR, var)
 329
 330    def __init__(
 331        self,
 332        token_type: TokenType,
 333        text: str,
 334        line: int = 1,
 335        col: int = 1,
 336        start: int = 0,
 337        end: int = 0,
 338        comments: t.List[str] = [],
 339    ) -> None:
 340        """Token initializer.
 341
 342        Args:
 343            token_type: The TokenType Enum.
 344            text: The text of the token.
 345            line: The line that the token ends on.
 346            col: The column that the token ends on.
 347            start: The start index of the token.
 348            end: The ending index of the token.
 349            comments: The comments to attach to the token.
 350        """
 351        self.token_type = token_type
 352        self.text = text
 353        self.line = line
 354        self.col = col
 355        self.start = start
 356        self.end = end
 357        self.comments = comments
 358
 359    def __repr__(self) -> str:
 360        attributes = ", ".join(f"{k}: {getattr(self, k)}" for k in self.__slots__)
 361        return f"<Token {attributes}>"
 362
 363
 364class _Tokenizer(type):
 365    def __new__(cls, clsname, bases, attrs):
 366        klass = super().__new__(cls, clsname, bases, attrs)
 367
 368        def _convert_quotes(arr: t.List[str | t.Tuple[str, str]]) -> t.Dict[str, str]:
 369            return dict(
 370                (item, item) if isinstance(item, str) else (item[0], item[1]) for item in arr
 371            )
 372
 373        def _quotes_to_format(
 374            token_type: TokenType, arr: t.List[str | t.Tuple[str, str]]
 375        ) -> t.Dict[str, t.Tuple[str, TokenType]]:
 376            return {k: (v, token_type) for k, v in _convert_quotes(arr).items()}
 377
 378        klass._QUOTES = _convert_quotes(klass.QUOTES)
 379        klass._IDENTIFIERS = _convert_quotes(klass.IDENTIFIERS)
 380
 381        klass._FORMAT_STRINGS = {
 382            **{
 383                p + s: (e, TokenType.NATIONAL_STRING)
 384                for s, e in klass._QUOTES.items()
 385                for p in ("n", "N")
 386            },
 387            **_quotes_to_format(TokenType.BIT_STRING, klass.BIT_STRINGS),
 388            **_quotes_to_format(TokenType.BYTE_STRING, klass.BYTE_STRINGS),
 389            **_quotes_to_format(TokenType.HEX_STRING, klass.HEX_STRINGS),
 390            **_quotes_to_format(TokenType.RAW_STRING, klass.RAW_STRINGS),
 391        }
 392
 393        klass._STRING_ESCAPES = set(klass.STRING_ESCAPES)
 394        klass._IDENTIFIER_ESCAPES = set(klass.IDENTIFIER_ESCAPES)
 395        klass._COMMENTS = {
 396            **dict(
 397                (comment, None) if isinstance(comment, str) else (comment[0], comment[1])
 398                for comment in klass.COMMENTS
 399            ),
 400            "{#": "#}",  # Ensure Jinja comments are tokenized correctly in all dialects
 401        }
 402
 403        klass._KEYWORD_TRIE = new_trie(
 404            key.upper()
 405            for key in (
 406                *klass.KEYWORDS,
 407                *klass._COMMENTS,
 408                *klass._QUOTES,
 409                *klass._FORMAT_STRINGS,
 410            )
 411            if " " in key or any(single in key for single in klass.SINGLE_TOKENS)
 412        )
 413
 414        return klass
 415
 416
 417class Tokenizer(metaclass=_Tokenizer):
 418    SINGLE_TOKENS = {
 419        "(": TokenType.L_PAREN,
 420        ")": TokenType.R_PAREN,
 421        "[": TokenType.L_BRACKET,
 422        "]": TokenType.R_BRACKET,
 423        "{": TokenType.L_BRACE,
 424        "}": TokenType.R_BRACE,
 425        "&": TokenType.AMP,
 426        "^": TokenType.CARET,
 427        ":": TokenType.COLON,
 428        ",": TokenType.COMMA,
 429        ".": TokenType.DOT,
 430        "-": TokenType.DASH,
 431        "=": TokenType.EQ,
 432        ">": TokenType.GT,
 433        "<": TokenType.LT,
 434        "%": TokenType.MOD,
 435        "!": TokenType.NOT,
 436        "|": TokenType.PIPE,
 437        "+": TokenType.PLUS,
 438        ";": TokenType.SEMICOLON,
 439        "/": TokenType.SLASH,
 440        "\\": TokenType.BACKSLASH,
 441        "*": TokenType.STAR,
 442        "~": TokenType.TILDA,
 443        "?": TokenType.PLACEHOLDER,
 444        "@": TokenType.PARAMETER,
 445        # used for breaking a var like x'y' but nothing else
 446        # the token type doesn't matter
 447        "'": TokenType.QUOTE,
 448        "`": TokenType.IDENTIFIER,
 449        '"': TokenType.IDENTIFIER,
 450        "#": TokenType.HASH,
 451    }
 452
 453    BIT_STRINGS: t.List[str | t.Tuple[str, str]] = []
 454    BYTE_STRINGS: t.List[str | t.Tuple[str, str]] = []
 455    HEX_STRINGS: t.List[str | t.Tuple[str, str]] = []
 456    RAW_STRINGS: t.List[str | t.Tuple[str, str]] = []
 457    IDENTIFIERS: t.List[str | t.Tuple[str, str]] = ['"']
 458    IDENTIFIER_ESCAPES = ['"']
 459    QUOTES: t.List[t.Tuple[str, str] | str] = ["'"]
 460    STRING_ESCAPES = ["'"]
 461    VAR_SINGLE_TOKENS: t.Set[str] = set()
 462
 463    # Autofilled
 464    IDENTIFIERS_CAN_START_WITH_DIGIT: bool = False
 465
 466    _COMMENTS: t.Dict[str, str] = {}
 467    _FORMAT_STRINGS: t.Dict[str, t.Tuple[str, TokenType]] = {}
 468    _IDENTIFIERS: t.Dict[str, str] = {}
 469    _IDENTIFIER_ESCAPES: t.Set[str] = set()
 470    _QUOTES: t.Dict[str, str] = {}
 471    _STRING_ESCAPES: t.Set[str] = set()
 472    _KEYWORD_TRIE: t.Dict = {}
 473
 474    KEYWORDS: t.Dict[str, TokenType] = {
 475        **{f"{{%{postfix}": TokenType.BLOCK_START for postfix in ("", "+", "-")},
 476        **{f"{prefix}%}}": TokenType.BLOCK_END for prefix in ("", "+", "-")},
 477        **{f"{{{{{postfix}": TokenType.BLOCK_START for postfix in ("+", "-")},
 478        **{f"{prefix}}}}}": TokenType.BLOCK_END for prefix in ("+", "-")},
 479        "/*+": TokenType.HINT,
 480        "==": TokenType.EQ,
 481        "::": TokenType.DCOLON,
 482        "||": TokenType.DPIPE,
 483        ">=": TokenType.GTE,
 484        "<=": TokenType.LTE,
 485        "<>": TokenType.NEQ,
 486        "!=": TokenType.NEQ,
 487        "<=>": TokenType.NULLSAFE_EQ,
 488        "->": TokenType.ARROW,
 489        "->>": TokenType.DARROW,
 490        "=>": TokenType.FARROW,
 491        "#>": TokenType.HASH_ARROW,
 492        "#>>": TokenType.DHASH_ARROW,
 493        "<->": TokenType.LR_ARROW,
 494        "&&": TokenType.DAMP,
 495        "ALL": TokenType.ALL,
 496        "ALWAYS": TokenType.ALWAYS,
 497        "AND": TokenType.AND,
 498        "ANTI": TokenType.ANTI,
 499        "ANY": TokenType.ANY,
 500        "ASC": TokenType.ASC,
 501        "AS": TokenType.ALIAS,
 502        "ASOF": TokenType.ASOF,
 503        "AUTOINCREMENT": TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT,
 504        "AUTO_INCREMENT": TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT,
 505        "BEGIN": TokenType.BEGIN,
 506        "BETWEEN": TokenType.BETWEEN,
 507        "CACHE": TokenType.CACHE,
 508        "UNCACHE": TokenType.UNCACHE,
 509        "CASE": TokenType.CASE,
 510        "CHARACTER SET": TokenType.CHARACTER_SET,
 511        "COLLATE": TokenType.COLLATE,
 512        "COLUMN": TokenType.COLUMN,
 513        "COMMIT": TokenType.COMMIT,
 514        "CONSTRAINT": TokenType.CONSTRAINT,
 515        "CREATE": TokenType.CREATE,
 516        "CROSS": TokenType.CROSS,
 517        "CUBE": TokenType.CUBE,
 518        "CURRENT_DATE": TokenType.CURRENT_DATE,
 519        "CURRENT_TIME": TokenType.CURRENT_TIME,
 520        "CURRENT_TIMESTAMP": TokenType.CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
 521        "CURRENT_USER": TokenType.CURRENT_USER,
 522        "DATABASE": TokenType.DATABASE,
 523        "DEFAULT": TokenType.DEFAULT,
 524        "DELETE": TokenType.DELETE,
 525        "DESC": TokenType.DESC,
 526        "DESCRIBE": TokenType.DESCRIBE,
 527        "DISTINCT": TokenType.DISTINCT,
 528        "DIV": TokenType.DIV,
 529        "DROP": TokenType.DROP,
 530        "ELSE": TokenType.ELSE,
 531        "END": TokenType.END,
 532        "ESCAPE": TokenType.ESCAPE,
 533        "EXCEPT": TokenType.EXCEPT,
 534        "EXECUTE": TokenType.EXECUTE,
 535        "EXISTS": TokenType.EXISTS,
 536        "FALSE": TokenType.FALSE,
 537        "FETCH": TokenType.FETCH,
 538        "FILTER": TokenType.FILTER,
 539        "FIRST": TokenType.FIRST,
 540        "FULL": TokenType.FULL,
 541        "FUNCTION": TokenType.FUNCTION,
 542        "FOR": TokenType.FOR,
 543        "FOREIGN KEY": TokenType.FOREIGN_KEY,
 544        "FORMAT": TokenType.FORMAT,
 545        "FROM": TokenType.FROM,
 546        "GEOGRAPHY": TokenType.GEOGRAPHY,
 547        "GEOMETRY": TokenType.GEOMETRY,
 548        "GLOB": TokenType.GLOB,
 549        "GROUP BY": TokenType.GROUP_BY,
 550        "GROUPING SETS": TokenType.GROUPING_SETS,
 551        "HAVING": TokenType.HAVING,
 552        "IF": TokenType.IF,
 553        "ILIKE": TokenType.ILIKE,
 554        "IN": TokenType.IN,
 555        "INDEX": TokenType.INDEX,
 556        "INET": TokenType.INET,
 557        "INNER": TokenType.INNER,
 558        "INSERT": TokenType.INSERT,
 559        "INTERVAL": TokenType.INTERVAL,
 560        "INTERSECT": TokenType.INTERSECT,
 561        "INTO": TokenType.INTO,
 562        "IS": TokenType.IS,
 563        "ISNULL": TokenType.ISNULL,
 564        "JOIN": TokenType.JOIN,
 565        "KEEP": TokenType.KEEP,
 566        "LATERAL": TokenType.LATERAL,
 567        "LEFT": TokenType.LEFT,
 568        "LIKE": TokenType.LIKE,
 569        "LIMIT": TokenType.LIMIT,
 570        "LOAD": TokenType.LOAD,
 571        "LOCK": TokenType.LOCK,
 572        "MERGE": TokenType.MERGE,
 573        "NATURAL": TokenType.NATURAL,
 574        "NEXT": TokenType.NEXT,
 575        "NEXT VALUE FOR": TokenType.NEXT_VALUE_FOR,
 576        "NOT": TokenType.NOT,
 577        "NOTNULL": TokenType.NOTNULL,
 578        "NULL": TokenType.NULL,
 579        "OBJECT": TokenType.OBJECT,
 580        "OFFSET": TokenType.OFFSET,
 581        "ON": TokenType.ON,
 582        "OR": TokenType.OR,
 583        "ORDER BY": TokenType.ORDER_BY,
 584        "ORDINALITY": TokenType.ORDINALITY,
 585        "OUTER": TokenType.OUTER,
 586        "OVER": TokenType.OVER,
 587        "OVERLAPS": TokenType.OVERLAPS,
 588        "OVERWRITE": TokenType.OVERWRITE,
 589        "PARTITION": TokenType.PARTITION,
 590        "PARTITION BY": TokenType.PARTITION_BY,
 591        "PARTITIONED BY": TokenType.PARTITION_BY,
 592        "PARTITIONED_BY": TokenType.PARTITION_BY,
 593        "PERCENT": TokenType.PERCENT,
 594        "PIVOT": TokenType.PIVOT,
 595        "PRAGMA": TokenType.PRAGMA,
 596        "PRIMARY KEY": TokenType.PRIMARY_KEY,
 597        "PROCEDURE": TokenType.PROCEDURE,
 598        "QUALIFY": TokenType.QUALIFY,
 599        "RANGE": TokenType.RANGE,
 600        "RECURSIVE": TokenType.RECURSIVE,
 601        "REGEXP": TokenType.RLIKE,
 602        "REPLACE": TokenType.REPLACE,
 603        "REFERENCES": TokenType.REFERENCES,
 604        "RIGHT": TokenType.RIGHT,
 605        "RLIKE": TokenType.RLIKE,
 606        "ROLLBACK": TokenType.ROLLBACK,
 607        "ROLLUP": TokenType.ROLLUP,
 608        "ROW": TokenType.ROW,
 609        "ROWS": TokenType.ROWS,
 610        "SCHEMA": TokenType.SCHEMA,
 611        "SELECT": TokenType.SELECT,
 612        "SEMI": TokenType.SEMI,
 613        "SET": TokenType.SET,
 614        "SETTINGS": TokenType.SETTINGS,
 615        "SHOW": TokenType.SHOW,
 616        "SIMILAR TO": TokenType.SIMILAR_TO,
 617        "SOME": TokenType.SOME,
 618        "TABLE": TokenType.TABLE,
 619        "TABLESAMPLE": TokenType.TABLE_SAMPLE,
 620        "TEMP": TokenType.TEMPORARY,
 621        "TEMPORARY": TokenType.TEMPORARY,
 622        "THEN": TokenType.THEN,
 623        "TRUE": TokenType.TRUE,
 624        "UNION": TokenType.UNION,
 625        "UNNEST": TokenType.UNNEST,
 626        "UNPIVOT": TokenType.UNPIVOT,
 627        "UPDATE": TokenType.UPDATE,
 628        "USE": TokenType.USE,
 629        "USING": TokenType.USING,
 630        "UUID": TokenType.UUID,
 631        "VALUES": TokenType.VALUES,
 632        "VIEW": TokenType.VIEW,
 633        "VOLATILE": TokenType.VOLATILE,
 634        "WHEN": TokenType.WHEN,
 635        "WHERE": TokenType.WHERE,
 636        "WINDOW": TokenType.WINDOW,
 637        "WITH": TokenType.WITH,
 638        "APPLY": TokenType.APPLY,
 639        "ARRAY": TokenType.ARRAY,
 640        "BIT": TokenType.BIT,
 641        "BOOL": TokenType.BOOLEAN,
 642        "BOOLEAN": TokenType.BOOLEAN,
 643        "BYTE": TokenType.TINYINT,
 644        "TINYINT": TokenType.TINYINT,
 645        "SHORT": TokenType.SMALLINT,
 646        "SMALLINT": TokenType.SMALLINT,
 647        "INT2": TokenType.SMALLINT,
 648        "INTEGER": TokenType.INT,
 649        "INT": TokenType.INT,
 650        "INT4": TokenType.INT,
 651        "LONG": TokenType.BIGINT,
 652        "BIGINT": TokenType.BIGINT,
 653        "INT8": TokenType.BIGINT,
 654        "DEC": TokenType.DECIMAL,
 655        "DECIMAL": TokenType.DECIMAL,
 656        "BIGDECIMAL": TokenType.BIGDECIMAL,
 657        "BIGNUMERIC": TokenType.BIGDECIMAL,
 658        "MAP": TokenType.MAP,
 659        "NULLABLE": TokenType.NULLABLE,
 660        "NUMBER": TokenType.DECIMAL,
 661        "NUMERIC": TokenType.DECIMAL,
 662        "FIXED": TokenType.DECIMAL,
 663        "REAL": TokenType.FLOAT,
 664        "FLOAT": TokenType.FLOAT,
 665        "FLOAT4": TokenType.FLOAT,
 666        "FLOAT8": TokenType.DOUBLE,
 667        "DOUBLE": TokenType.DOUBLE,
 668        "DOUBLE PRECISION": TokenType.DOUBLE,
 669        "JSON": TokenType.JSON,
 670        "CHAR": TokenType.CHAR,
 671        "CHARACTER": TokenType.CHAR,
 672        "NCHAR": TokenType.NCHAR,
 673        "VARCHAR": TokenType.VARCHAR,
 674        "VARCHAR2": TokenType.VARCHAR,
 675        "NVARCHAR": TokenType.NVARCHAR,
 676        "NVARCHAR2": TokenType.NVARCHAR,
 677        "STR": TokenType.TEXT,
 678        "STRING": TokenType.TEXT,
 679        "TEXT": TokenType.TEXT,
 680        "CLOB": TokenType.TEXT,
 681        "LONGVARCHAR": TokenType.TEXT,
 682        "BINARY": TokenType.BINARY,
 683        "BLOB": TokenType.VARBINARY,
 684        "BYTEA": TokenType.VARBINARY,
 685        "VARBINARY": TokenType.VARBINARY,
 686        "TIME": TokenType.TIME,
 687        "TIMESTAMP": TokenType.TIMESTAMP,
 688        "TIMESTAMPTZ": TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ,
 689        "TIMESTAMPLTZ": TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ,
 690        "DATE": TokenType.DATE,
 691        "DATETIME": TokenType.DATETIME,
 692        "INT4RANGE": TokenType.INT4RANGE,
 693        "INT4MULTIRANGE": TokenType.INT4MULTIRANGE,
 694        "INT8RANGE": TokenType.INT8RANGE,
 695        "INT8MULTIRANGE": TokenType.INT8MULTIRANGE,
 696        "NUMRANGE": TokenType.NUMRANGE,
 697        "NUMMULTIRANGE": TokenType.NUMMULTIRANGE,
 698        "TSRANGE": TokenType.TSRANGE,
 699        "TSMULTIRANGE": TokenType.TSMULTIRANGE,
 700        "TSTZRANGE": TokenType.TSTZRANGE,
 701        "TSTZMULTIRANGE": TokenType.TSTZMULTIRANGE,
 702        "DATERANGE": TokenType.DATERANGE,
 703        "DATEMULTIRANGE": TokenType.DATEMULTIRANGE,
 704        "UNIQUE": TokenType.UNIQUE,
 705        "STRUCT": TokenType.STRUCT,
 706        "VARIANT": TokenType.VARIANT,
 707        "ALTER": TokenType.ALTER,
 708        "ANALYZE": TokenType.COMMAND,
 709        "CALL": TokenType.COMMAND,
 710        "COMMENT": TokenType.COMMENT,
 711        "COPY": TokenType.COMMAND,
 712        "EXPLAIN": TokenType.COMMAND,
 713        "GRANT": TokenType.COMMAND,
 714        "OPTIMIZE": TokenType.COMMAND,
 715        "PREPARE": TokenType.COMMAND,
 716        "TRUNCATE": TokenType.COMMAND,
 717        "VACUUM": TokenType.COMMAND,
 718    }
 719
 720    WHITE_SPACE: t.Dict[t.Optional[str], TokenType] = {
 721        " ": TokenType.SPACE,
 722        "\t": TokenType.SPACE,
 723        "\n": TokenType.BREAK,
 724        "\r": TokenType.BREAK,
 725        "\r\n": TokenType.BREAK,
 726    }
 727
 728    COMMANDS = {
 729        TokenType.COMMAND,
 730        TokenType.EXECUTE,
 731        TokenType.FETCH,
 732        TokenType.SHOW,
 733    }
 734
 735    COMMAND_PREFIX_TOKENS = {TokenType.SEMICOLON, TokenType.BEGIN}
 736
 737    # handle numeric literals like in hive (3L = BIGINT)
 738    NUMERIC_LITERALS: t.Dict[str, str] = {}
 739    ENCODE: t.Optional[str] = None
 740
 741    COMMENTS = ["--", ("/*", "*/")]
 742
 743    __slots__ = (
 744        "sql",
 745        "size",
 746        "tokens",
 747        "_start",
 748        "_current",
 749        "_line",
 750        "_col",
 751        "_comments",
 752        "_char",
 753        "_end",
 754        "_peek",
 755        "_prev_token_line",
 756    )
 757
 758    def __init__(self) -> None:
 759        self.reset()
 760
 761    def reset(self) -> None:
 762        self.sql = ""
 763        self.size = 0
 764        self.tokens: t.List[Token] = []
 765        self._start = 0
 766        self._current = 0
 767        self._line = 1
 768        self._col = 0
 769        self._comments: t.List[str] = []
 770
 771        self._char = ""
 772        self._end = False
 773        self._peek = ""
 774        self._prev_token_line = -1
 775
 776    def tokenize(self, sql: str) -> t.List[Token]:
 777        """Returns a list of tokens corresponding to the SQL string `sql`."""
 778        self.reset()
 779        self.sql = sql
 780        self.size = len(sql)
 781
 782        try:
 783            self._scan()
 784        except Exception as e:
 785            start = max(self._current - 50, 0)
 786            end = min(self._current + 50, self.size - 1)
 787            context = self.sql[start:end]
 788            raise ValueError(f"Error tokenizing '{context}'") from e
 789
 790        return self.tokens
 791
 792    def _scan(self, until: t.Optional[t.Callable] = None) -> None:
 793        while self.size and not self._end:
 794            self._start = self._current
 795            self._advance()
 796
 797            if self._char is None:
 798                break
 799
 800            if self._char not in self.WHITE_SPACE:
 801                if self._char.isdigit():
 802                    self._scan_number()
 803                elif self._char in self._IDENTIFIERS:
 804                    self._scan_identifier(self._IDENTIFIERS[self._char])
 805                else:
 806                    self._scan_keywords()
 807
 808            if until and until():
 809                break
 810
 811        if self.tokens and self._comments:
 812            self.tokens[-1].comments.extend(self._comments)
 813
 814    def _chars(self, size: int) -> str:
 815        if size == 1:
 816            return self._char
 817
 818        start = self._current - 1
 819        end = start + size
 820
 821        return self.sql[start:end] if end <= self.size else ""
 822
 823    def _advance(self, i: int = 1, alnum: bool = False) -> None:
 824        if self.WHITE_SPACE.get(self._char) is TokenType.BREAK:
 825            self._col = 1
 826            self._line += 1
 827        else:
 828            self._col += i
 829
 830        self._current += i
 831        self._end = self._current >= self.size
 832        self._char = self.sql[self._current - 1]
 833        self._peek = "" if self._end else self.sql[self._current]
 834
 835        if alnum and self._char.isalnum():
 836            # Here we use local variables instead of attributes for better performance
 837            _col = self._col
 838            _current = self._current
 839            _end = self._end
 840            _peek = self._peek
 841
 842            while _peek.isalnum():
 843                _col += 1
 844                _current += 1
 845                _end = _current >= self.size
 846                _peek = "" if _end else self.sql[_current]
 847
 848            self._col = _col
 849            self._current = _current
 850            self._end = _end
 851            self._peek = _peek
 852            self._char = self.sql[_current - 1]
 853
 854    @property
 855    def _text(self) -> str:
 856        return self.sql[self._start : self._current]
 857
 858    def peek(self, i: int = 0) -> str:
 859        i = self._current + i
 860        if i < self.size:
 861            return self.sql[i]
 862        return ""
 863
 864    def _add(self, token_type: TokenType, text: t.Optional[str] = None) -> None:
 865        self._prev_token_line = self._line
 866        self.tokens.append(
 867            Token(
 868                token_type,
 869                text=self._text if text is None else text,
 870                line=self._line,
 871                col=self._col,
 872                start=self._start,
 873                end=self._current - 1,
 874                comments=self._comments,
 875            )
 876        )
 877        self._comments = []
 878
 879        # If we have either a semicolon or a begin token before the command's token, we'll parse
 880        # whatever follows the command's token as a string
 881        if (
 882            token_type in self.COMMANDS
 883            and self._peek != ";"
 884            and (len(self.tokens) == 1 or self.tokens[-2].token_type in self.COMMAND_PREFIX_TOKENS)
 885        ):
 886            start = self._current
 887            tokens = len(self.tokens)
 888            self._scan(lambda: self._peek == ";")
 889            self.tokens = self.tokens[:tokens]
 890            text = self.sql[start : self._current].strip()
 891            if text:
 892                self._add(TokenType.STRING, text)
 893
 894    def _scan_keywords(self) -> None:
 895        size = 0
 896        word = None
 897        chars = self._text
 898        char = chars
 899        prev_space = False
 900        skip = False
 901        trie = self._KEYWORD_TRIE
 902        single_token = char in self.SINGLE_TOKENS
 903
 904        while chars:
 905            if skip:
 906                result = 1
 907            else:
 908                result, trie = in_trie(trie, char.upper())
 909
 910            if result == 0:
 911                break
 912            if result == 2:
 913                word = chars
 914
 915            size += 1
 916            end = self._current - 1 + size
 917
 918            if end < self.size:
 919                char = self.sql[end]
 920                single_token = single_token or char in self.SINGLE_TOKENS
 921                is_space = char in self.WHITE_SPACE
 922
 923                if not is_space or not prev_space:
 924                    if is_space:
 925                        char = " "
 926                    chars += char
 927                    prev_space = is_space
 928                    skip = False
 929                else:
 930                    skip = True
 931            else:
 932                char = ""
 933                chars = " "
 934
 935        word = None if not single_token and chars[-1] not in self.WHITE_SPACE else word
 936
 937        if not word:
 938            if self._char in self.SINGLE_TOKENS:
 939                self._add(self.SINGLE_TOKENS[self._char], text=self._char)
 940                return
 941            self._scan_var()
 942            return
 943
 944        if self._scan_string(word):
 945            return
 946        if self._scan_comment(word):
 947            return
 948
 949        self._advance(size - 1)
 950        word = word.upper()
 951        self._add(self.KEYWORDS[word], text=word)
 952
 953    def _scan_comment(self, comment_start: str) -> bool:
 954        if comment_start not in self._COMMENTS:
 955            return False
 956
 957        comment_start_line = self._line
 958        comment_start_size = len(comment_start)
 959        comment_end = self._COMMENTS[comment_start]
 960
 961        if comment_end:
 962            # Skip the comment's start delimiter
 963            self._advance(comment_start_size)
 964
 965            comment_end_size = len(comment_end)
 966            while not self._end and self._chars(comment_end_size) != comment_end:
 967                self._advance(alnum=True)
 968
 969            self._comments.append(self._text[comment_start_size : -comment_end_size + 1])
 970            self._advance(comment_end_size - 1)
 971        else:
 972            while not self._end and not self.WHITE_SPACE.get(self._peek) is TokenType.BREAK:
 973                self._advance(alnum=True)
 974            self._comments.append(self._text[comment_start_size:])
 975
 976        # Leading comment is attached to the succeeding token, whilst trailing comment to the preceding.
 977        # Multiple consecutive comments are preserved by appending them to the current comments list.
 978        if comment_start_line == self._prev_token_line:
 979            self.tokens[-1].comments.extend(self._comments)
 980            self._comments = []
 981            self._prev_token_line = self._line
 982
 983        return True
 984
 985    def _scan_number(self) -> None:
 986        if self._char == "0":
 987            peek = self._peek.upper()
 988            if peek == "B":
 989                return self._scan_bits() if self.BIT_STRINGS else self._add(TokenType.NUMBER)
 990            elif peek == "X":
 991                return self._scan_hex() if self.HEX_STRINGS else self._add(TokenType.NUMBER)
 992
 993        decimal = False
 994        scientific = 0
 995
 996        while True:
 997            if self._peek.isdigit():
 998                self._advance()
 999            elif self._peek == "." and not decimal:
1000                after = self.peek(1)
1001                if after.isdigit() or not after.isalpha():
1002                    decimal = True
1003                    self._advance()
1004                else:
1005                    return self._add(TokenType.VAR)
1006            elif self._peek in ("-", "+") and scientific == 1:
1007                scientific += 1
1008                self._advance()
1009            elif self._peek.upper() == "E" and not scientific:
1010                scientific += 1
1011                self._advance()
1012            elif self._peek.isidentifier():
1013                number_text = self._text
1014                literal = ""
1015
1016                while self._peek.strip() and self._peek not in self.SINGLE_TOKENS:
1017                    literal += self._peek.upper()
1018                    self._advance()
1019
1020                token_type = self.KEYWORDS.get(self.NUMERIC_LITERALS.get(literal, ""))
1021
1022                if token_type:
1023                    self._add(TokenType.NUMBER, number_text)
1024                    self._add(TokenType.DCOLON, "::")
1025                    return self._add(token_type, literal)
1026                elif self.IDENTIFIERS_CAN_START_WITH_DIGIT:
1027                    return self._add(TokenType.VAR)
1028
1029                self._add(TokenType.NUMBER, number_text)
1030                return self._advance(-len(literal))
1031            else:
1032                return self._add(TokenType.NUMBER)
1033
1034    def _scan_bits(self) -> None:
1035        self._advance()
1036        value = self._extract_value()
1037        try:
1038            # If `value` can't be converted to a binary, fallback to tokenizing it as an identifier
1039            int(value, 2)
1040            self._add(TokenType.BIT_STRING, value[2:])  # Drop the 0b
1041        except ValueError:
1042            self._add(TokenType.IDENTIFIER)
1043
1044    def _scan_hex(self) -> None:
1045        self._advance()
1046        value = self._extract_value()
1047        try:
1048            # If `value` can't be converted to a hex, fallback to tokenizing it as an identifier
1049            int(value, 16)
1050            self._add(TokenType.HEX_STRING, value[2:])  # Drop the 0x
1051        except ValueError:
1052            self._add(TokenType.IDENTIFIER)
1053
1054    def _extract_value(self) -> str:
1055        while True:
1056            char = self._peek.strip()
1057            if char and char not in self.SINGLE_TOKENS:
1058                self._advance(alnum=True)
1059            else:
1060                break
1061
1062        return self._text
1063
1064    def _scan_string(self, start: str) -> bool:
1065        base = None
1066        token_type = TokenType.STRING
1067
1068        if start in self._QUOTES:
1069            end = self._QUOTES[start]
1070        elif start in self._FORMAT_STRINGS:
1071            end, token_type = self._FORMAT_STRINGS[start]
1072
1073            if token_type == TokenType.HEX_STRING:
1074                base = 16
1075            elif token_type == TokenType.BIT_STRING:
1076                base = 2
1077        else:
1078            return False
1079
1080        self._advance(len(start))
1081        text = self._extract_string(end)
1082
1083        if base:
1084            try:
1085                int(text, base)
1086            except:
1087                raise RuntimeError(
1088                    f"Numeric string contains invalid characters from {self._line}:{self._start}"
1089                )
1090        else:
1091            text = text.encode(self.ENCODE).decode(self.ENCODE) if self.ENCODE else text
1092
1093        self._add(token_type, text)
1094        return True
1095
1096    def _scan_identifier(self, identifier_end: str) -> None:
1097        self._advance()
1098        text = self._extract_string(identifier_end, self._IDENTIFIER_ESCAPES)
1099        self._add(TokenType.IDENTIFIER, text)
1100
1101    def _scan_var(self) -> None:
1102        while True:
1103            char = self._peek.strip()
1104            if char and (char in self.VAR_SINGLE_TOKENS or char not in self.SINGLE_TOKENS):
1105                self._advance(alnum=True)
1106            else:
1107                break
1108
1109        self._add(
1110            TokenType.VAR
1111            if self.tokens and self.tokens[-1].token_type == TokenType.PARAMETER
1112            else self.KEYWORDS.get(self._text.upper(), TokenType.VAR)
1113        )
1114
1115    def _extract_string(self, delimiter: str, escapes=None) -> str:
1116        text = ""
1117        delim_size = len(delimiter)
1118        escapes = self._STRING_ESCAPES if escapes is None else escapes
1119
1120        while True:
1121            if self._char in escapes and (self._peek == delimiter or self._peek in escapes):
1122                if self._peek == delimiter:
1123                    text += self._peek
1124                else:
1125                    text += self._char + self._peek
1126
1127                if self._current + 1 < self.size:
1128                    self._advance(2)
1129                else:
1130                    raise RuntimeError(f"Missing {delimiter} from {self._line}:{self._current}")
1131            else:
1132                if self._chars(delim_size) == delimiter:
1133                    if delim_size > 1:
1134                        self._advance(delim_size - 1)
1135                    break
1136
1137                if self._end:
1138                    raise RuntimeError(f"Missing {delimiter} from {self._line}:{self._start}")
1139
1140                current = self._current - 1
1141                self._advance(alnum=True)
1142                text += self.sql[current : self._current - 1]
1143
1144        return text
class TokenType(sqlglot.helper.AutoName):
 11class TokenType(AutoName):
 12    L_PAREN = auto()
 13    R_PAREN = auto()
 14    L_BRACKET = auto()
 15    R_BRACKET = auto()
 16    L_BRACE = auto()
 17    R_BRACE = auto()
 18    COMMA = auto()
 19    DOT = auto()
 20    DASH = auto()
 21    PLUS = auto()
 22    COLON = auto()
 23    DCOLON = auto()
 24    SEMICOLON = auto()
 25    STAR = auto()
 26    BACKSLASH = auto()
 27    SLASH = auto()
 28    LT = auto()
 29    LTE = auto()
 30    GT = auto()
 31    GTE = auto()
 32    NOT = auto()
 33    EQ = auto()
 34    NEQ = auto()
 35    NULLSAFE_EQ = auto()
 36    AND = auto()
 37    OR = auto()
 38    AMP = auto()
 39    DPIPE = auto()
 40    PIPE = auto()
 41    CARET = auto()
 42    TILDA = auto()
 43    ARROW = auto()
 44    DARROW = auto()
 45    FARROW = auto()
 46    HASH = auto()
 47    HASH_ARROW = auto()
 48    DHASH_ARROW = auto()
 49    LR_ARROW = auto()
 50    LT_AT = auto()
 51    AT_GT = auto()
 52    DOLLAR = auto()
 53    PARAMETER = auto()
 54    SESSION_PARAMETER = auto()
 55    DAMP = auto()
 56
 57    BLOCK_START = auto()
 58    BLOCK_END = auto()
 59
 60    SPACE = auto()
 61    BREAK = auto()
 62
 63    STRING = auto()
 64    NUMBER = auto()
 65    IDENTIFIER = auto()
 66    DATABASE = auto()
 67    COLUMN = auto()
 68    COLUMN_DEF = auto()
 69    SCHEMA = auto()
 70    TABLE = auto()
 71    VAR = auto()
 72    BIT_STRING = auto()
 73    HEX_STRING = auto()
 74    BYTE_STRING = auto()
 75    NATIONAL_STRING = auto()
 76    RAW_STRING = auto()
 77
 78    # types
 79    BIT = auto()
 80    BOOLEAN = auto()
 81    TINYINT = auto()
 82    UTINYINT = auto()
 83    SMALLINT = auto()
 84    USMALLINT = auto()
 85    INT = auto()
 86    UINT = auto()
 87    BIGINT = auto()
 88    UBIGINT = auto()
 89    INT128 = auto()
 90    UINT128 = auto()
 91    INT256 = auto()
 92    UINT256 = auto()
 93    FLOAT = auto()
 94    DOUBLE = auto()
 95    DECIMAL = auto()
 96    BIGDECIMAL = auto()
 97    CHAR = auto()
 98    NCHAR = auto()
 99    VARCHAR = auto()
100    NVARCHAR = auto()
101    TEXT = auto()
102    MEDIUMTEXT = auto()
103    LONGTEXT = auto()
104    MEDIUMBLOB = auto()
105    LONGBLOB = auto()
106    BINARY = auto()
107    VARBINARY = auto()
108    JSON = auto()
109    JSONB = auto()
110    TIME = auto()
111    TIMESTAMP = auto()
112    TIMESTAMPTZ = auto()
113    TIMESTAMPLTZ = auto()
114    DATETIME = auto()
115    DATETIME64 = auto()
116    DATE = auto()
117    INT4RANGE = auto()
118    INT4MULTIRANGE = auto()
119    INT8RANGE = auto()
120    INT8MULTIRANGE = auto()
121    NUMRANGE = auto()
122    NUMMULTIRANGE = auto()
123    TSRANGE = auto()
124    TSMULTIRANGE = auto()
125    TSTZRANGE = auto()
126    TSTZMULTIRANGE = auto()
127    DATERANGE = auto()
128    DATEMULTIRANGE = auto()
129    UUID = auto()
130    GEOGRAPHY = auto()
131    NULLABLE = auto()
132    GEOMETRY = auto()
133    HLLSKETCH = auto()
134    HSTORE = auto()
135    SUPER = auto()
136    SERIAL = auto()
137    SMALLSERIAL = auto()
138    BIGSERIAL = auto()
139    XML = auto()
140    UNIQUEIDENTIFIER = auto()
141    MONEY = auto()
142    SMALLMONEY = auto()
143    ROWVERSION = auto()
144    IMAGE = auto()
145    VARIANT = auto()
146    OBJECT = auto()
147    INET = auto()
148
149    # keywords
150    ALIAS = auto()
151    ALTER = auto()
152    ALWAYS = auto()
153    ALL = auto()
154    ANTI = auto()
155    ANY = auto()
156    APPLY = auto()
157    ARRAY = auto()
158    ASC = auto()
159    ASOF = auto()
160    AUTO_INCREMENT = auto()
161    BEGIN = auto()
162    BETWEEN = auto()
163    CACHE = auto()
164    CASE = auto()
165    CHARACTER_SET = auto()
166    COLLATE = auto()
167    COMMAND = auto()
168    COMMENT = auto()
169    COMMIT = auto()
170    CONSTRAINT = auto()
171    CREATE = auto()
172    CROSS = auto()
173    CUBE = auto()
174    CURRENT_DATE = auto()
175    CURRENT_DATETIME = auto()
176    CURRENT_TIME = auto()
177    CURRENT_TIMESTAMP = auto()
178    CURRENT_USER = auto()
179    DEFAULT = auto()
180    DELETE = auto()
181    DESC = auto()
182    DESCRIBE = auto()
183    DICTIONARY = auto()
184    DISTINCT = auto()
185    DIV = auto()
186    DROP = auto()
187    ELSE = auto()
188    END = auto()
189    ESCAPE = auto()
190    EXCEPT = auto()
191    EXECUTE = auto()
192    EXISTS = auto()
193    FALSE = auto()
194    FETCH = auto()
195    FILTER = auto()
196    FINAL = auto()
197    FIRST = auto()
198    FOR = auto()
199    FOREIGN_KEY = auto()
200    FORMAT = auto()
201    FROM = auto()
202    FULL = auto()
203    FUNCTION = auto()
204    GLOB = auto()
205    GLOBAL = auto()
206    GROUP_BY = auto()
207    GROUPING_SETS = auto()
208    HAVING = auto()
209    HINT = auto()
210    IF = auto()
211    ILIKE = auto()
212    ILIKE_ANY = auto()
213    IN = auto()
214    INDEX = auto()
215    INNER = auto()
216    INSERT = auto()
217    INTERSECT = auto()
218    INTERVAL = auto()
219    INTO = auto()
220    INTRODUCER = auto()
221    IRLIKE = auto()
222    IS = auto()
223    ISNULL = auto()
224    JOIN = auto()
225    JOIN_MARKER = auto()
226    KEEP = auto()
227    LANGUAGE = auto()
228    LATERAL = auto()
229    LEFT = auto()
230    LIKE = auto()
231    LIKE_ANY = auto()
232    LIMIT = auto()
233    LOAD = auto()
234    LOCK = auto()
235    MAP = auto()
236    MATCH_RECOGNIZE = auto()
237    MERGE = auto()
238    MOD = auto()
239    NATURAL = auto()
240    NEXT = auto()
241    NEXT_VALUE_FOR = auto()
242    NOTNULL = auto()
243    NULL = auto()
244    OFFSET = auto()
245    ON = auto()
246    ORDER_BY = auto()
247    ORDERED = auto()
248    ORDINALITY = auto()
249    OUTER = auto()
250    OVER = auto()
251    OVERLAPS = auto()
252    OVERWRITE = auto()
253    PARTITION = auto()
254    PARTITION_BY = auto()
255    PERCENT = auto()
256    PIVOT = auto()
257    PLACEHOLDER = auto()
258    PRAGMA = auto()
259    PRIMARY_KEY = auto()
260    PROCEDURE = auto()
261    PROPERTIES = auto()
262    PSEUDO_TYPE = auto()
263    QUALIFY = auto()
264    QUOTE = auto()
265    RANGE = auto()
266    RECURSIVE = auto()
267    REPLACE = auto()
268    RETURNING = auto()
269    REFERENCES = auto()
270    RIGHT = auto()
271    RLIKE = auto()
272    ROLLBACK = auto()
273    ROLLUP = auto()
274    ROW = auto()
275    ROWS = auto()
276    SELECT = auto()
277    SEMI = auto()
278    SEPARATOR = auto()
279    SERDE_PROPERTIES = auto()
280    SET = auto()
281    SETTINGS = auto()
282    SHOW = auto()
283    SIMILAR_TO = auto()
284    SOME = auto()
285    STRUCT = auto()
286    TABLE_SAMPLE = auto()
287    TEMPORARY = auto()
288    TOP = auto()
289    THEN = auto()
290    TRUE = auto()
291    UNCACHE = auto()
292    UNION = auto()
293    UNNEST = auto()
294    UNPIVOT = auto()
295    UPDATE = auto()
296    USE = auto()
297    USING = auto()
298    VALUES = auto()
299    VIEW = auto()
300    VOLATILE = auto()
301    WHEN = auto()
302    WHERE = auto()
303    WINDOW = auto()
304    WITH = auto()
305    UNIQUE = auto()

An enumeration.

L_PAREN = <TokenType.L_PAREN: 'L_PAREN'>
R_PAREN = <TokenType.R_PAREN: 'R_PAREN'>
L_BRACKET = <TokenType.L_BRACKET: 'L_BRACKET'>
R_BRACKET = <TokenType.R_BRACKET: 'R_BRACKET'>
L_BRACE = <TokenType.L_BRACE: 'L_BRACE'>
R_BRACE = <TokenType.R_BRACE: 'R_BRACE'>
COMMA = <TokenType.COMMA: 'COMMA'>
DOT = <TokenType.DOT: 'DOT'>
DASH = <TokenType.DASH: 'DASH'>
PLUS = <TokenType.PLUS: 'PLUS'>
COLON = <TokenType.COLON: 'COLON'>
DCOLON = <TokenType.DCOLON: 'DCOLON'>
SEMICOLON = <TokenType.SEMICOLON: 'SEMICOLON'>
STAR = <TokenType.STAR: 'STAR'>
BACKSLASH = <TokenType.BACKSLASH: 'BACKSLASH'>
SLASH = <TokenType.SLASH: 'SLASH'>
LT = <TokenType.LT: 'LT'>
LTE = <TokenType.LTE: 'LTE'>
GT = <TokenType.GT: 'GT'>
GTE = <TokenType.GTE: 'GTE'>
NOT = <TokenType.NOT: 'NOT'>
EQ = <TokenType.EQ: 'EQ'>
NEQ = <TokenType.NEQ: 'NEQ'>
NULLSAFE_EQ = <TokenType.NULLSAFE_EQ: 'NULLSAFE_EQ'>
AND = <TokenType.AND: 'AND'>
OR = <TokenType.OR: 'OR'>
AMP = <TokenType.AMP: 'AMP'>
DPIPE = <TokenType.DPIPE: 'DPIPE'>
PIPE = <TokenType.PIPE: 'PIPE'>
CARET = <TokenType.CARET: 'CARET'>
TILDA = <TokenType.TILDA: 'TILDA'>
ARROW = <TokenType.ARROW: 'ARROW'>
DARROW = <TokenType.DARROW: 'DARROW'>
FARROW = <TokenType.FARROW: 'FARROW'>
HASH = <TokenType.HASH: 'HASH'>
HASH_ARROW = <TokenType.HASH_ARROW: 'HASH_ARROW'>
DHASH_ARROW = <TokenType.DHASH_ARROW: 'DHASH_ARROW'>
LR_ARROW = <TokenType.LR_ARROW: 'LR_ARROW'>
LT_AT = <TokenType.LT_AT: 'LT_AT'>
AT_GT = <TokenType.AT_GT: 'AT_GT'>
DOLLAR = <TokenType.DOLLAR: 'DOLLAR'>
PARAMETER = <TokenType.PARAMETER: 'PARAMETER'>
SESSION_PARAMETER = <TokenType.SESSION_PARAMETER: 'SESSION_PARAMETER'>
DAMP = <TokenType.DAMP: 'DAMP'>
BLOCK_START = <TokenType.BLOCK_START: 'BLOCK_START'>
BLOCK_END = <TokenType.BLOCK_END: 'BLOCK_END'>
SPACE = <TokenType.SPACE: 'SPACE'>
BREAK = <TokenType.BREAK: 'BREAK'>
STRING = <TokenType.STRING: 'STRING'>
NUMBER = <TokenType.NUMBER: 'NUMBER'>
IDENTIFIER = <TokenType.IDENTIFIER: 'IDENTIFIER'>
DATABASE = <TokenType.DATABASE: 'DATABASE'>
COLUMN = <TokenType.COLUMN: 'COLUMN'>
COLUMN_DEF = <TokenType.COLUMN_DEF: 'COLUMN_DEF'>
SCHEMA = <TokenType.SCHEMA: 'SCHEMA'>
TABLE = <TokenType.TABLE: 'TABLE'>
VAR = <TokenType.VAR: 'VAR'>
BIT_STRING = <TokenType.BIT_STRING: 'BIT_STRING'>
HEX_STRING = <TokenType.HEX_STRING: 'HEX_STRING'>
BYTE_STRING = <TokenType.BYTE_STRING: 'BYTE_STRING'>
NATIONAL_STRING = <TokenType.NATIONAL_STRING: 'NATIONAL_STRING'>
RAW_STRING = <TokenType.RAW_STRING: 'RAW_STRING'>
BIT = <TokenType.BIT: 'BIT'>
BOOLEAN = <TokenType.BOOLEAN: 'BOOLEAN'>
TINYINT = <TokenType.TINYINT: 'TINYINT'>
UTINYINT = <TokenType.UTINYINT: 'UTINYINT'>
SMALLINT = <TokenType.SMALLINT: 'SMALLINT'>
USMALLINT = <TokenType.USMALLINT: 'USMALLINT'>
INT = <TokenType.INT: 'INT'>
UINT = <TokenType.UINT: 'UINT'>
BIGINT = <TokenType.BIGINT: 'BIGINT'>
UBIGINT = <TokenType.UBIGINT: 'UBIGINT'>
INT128 = <TokenType.INT128: 'INT128'>
UINT128 = <TokenType.UINT128: 'UINT128'>
INT256 = <TokenType.INT256: 'INT256'>
UINT256 = <TokenType.UINT256: 'UINT256'>
FLOAT = <TokenType.FLOAT: 'FLOAT'>
DOUBLE = <TokenType.DOUBLE: 'DOUBLE'>
DECIMAL = <TokenType.DECIMAL: 'DECIMAL'>
BIGDECIMAL = <TokenType.BIGDECIMAL: 'BIGDECIMAL'>
CHAR = <TokenType.CHAR: 'CHAR'>
NCHAR = <TokenType.NCHAR: 'NCHAR'>
VARCHAR = <TokenType.VARCHAR: 'VARCHAR'>
NVARCHAR = <TokenType.NVARCHAR: 'NVARCHAR'>
TEXT = <TokenType.TEXT: 'TEXT'>
MEDIUMTEXT = <TokenType.MEDIUMTEXT: 'MEDIUMTEXT'>
LONGTEXT = <TokenType.LONGTEXT: 'LONGTEXT'>
MEDIUMBLOB = <TokenType.MEDIUMBLOB: 'MEDIUMBLOB'>
LONGBLOB = <TokenType.LONGBLOB: 'LONGBLOB'>
BINARY = <TokenType.BINARY: 'BINARY'>
VARBINARY = <TokenType.VARBINARY: 'VARBINARY'>
JSON = <TokenType.JSON: 'JSON'>
JSONB = <TokenType.JSONB: 'JSONB'>
TIME = <TokenType.TIME: 'TIME'>
TIMESTAMP = <TokenType.TIMESTAMP: 'TIMESTAMP'>
TIMESTAMPTZ = <TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ: 'TIMESTAMPTZ'>
TIMESTAMPLTZ = <TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ: 'TIMESTAMPLTZ'>
DATETIME = <TokenType.DATETIME: 'DATETIME'>
DATETIME64 = <TokenType.DATETIME64: 'DATETIME64'>
DATE = <TokenType.DATE: 'DATE'>
INT4RANGE = <TokenType.INT4RANGE: 'INT4RANGE'>
INT4MULTIRANGE = <TokenType.INT4MULTIRANGE: 'INT4MULTIRANGE'>
INT8RANGE = <TokenType.INT8RANGE: 'INT8RANGE'>
INT8MULTIRANGE = <TokenType.INT8MULTIRANGE: 'INT8MULTIRANGE'>
NUMRANGE = <TokenType.NUMRANGE: 'NUMRANGE'>
NUMMULTIRANGE = <TokenType.NUMMULTIRANGE: 'NUMMULTIRANGE'>
TSRANGE = <TokenType.TSRANGE: 'TSRANGE'>
TSMULTIRANGE = <TokenType.TSMULTIRANGE: 'TSMULTIRANGE'>
TSTZRANGE = <TokenType.TSTZRANGE: 'TSTZRANGE'>
TSTZMULTIRANGE = <TokenType.TSTZMULTIRANGE: 'TSTZMULTIRANGE'>
DATERANGE = <TokenType.DATERANGE: 'DATERANGE'>
DATEMULTIRANGE = <TokenType.DATEMULTIRANGE: 'DATEMULTIRANGE'>
UUID = <TokenType.UUID: 'UUID'>
GEOGRAPHY = <TokenType.GEOGRAPHY: 'GEOGRAPHY'>
NULLABLE = <TokenType.NULLABLE: 'NULLABLE'>
GEOMETRY = <TokenType.GEOMETRY: 'GEOMETRY'>
HLLSKETCH = <TokenType.HLLSKETCH: 'HLLSKETCH'>
HSTORE = <TokenType.HSTORE: 'HSTORE'>
SUPER = <TokenType.SUPER: 'SUPER'>
SERIAL = <TokenType.SERIAL: 'SERIAL'>
SMALLSERIAL = <TokenType.SMALLSERIAL: 'SMALLSERIAL'>
BIGSERIAL = <TokenType.BIGSERIAL: 'BIGSERIAL'>
XML = <TokenType.XML: 'XML'>
UNIQUEIDENTIFIER = <TokenType.UNIQUEIDENTIFIER: 'UNIQUEIDENTIFIER'>
MONEY = <TokenType.MONEY: 'MONEY'>
SMALLMONEY = <TokenType.SMALLMONEY: 'SMALLMONEY'>
ROWVERSION = <TokenType.ROWVERSION: 'ROWVERSION'>
IMAGE = <TokenType.IMAGE: 'IMAGE'>
VARIANT = <TokenType.VARIANT: 'VARIANT'>
OBJECT = <TokenType.OBJECT: 'OBJECT'>
INET = <TokenType.INET: 'INET'>
ALIAS = <TokenType.ALIAS: 'ALIAS'>
ALTER = <TokenType.ALTER: 'ALTER'>
ALWAYS = <TokenType.ALWAYS: 'ALWAYS'>
ALL = <TokenType.ALL: 'ALL'>
ANTI = <TokenType.ANTI: 'ANTI'>
ANY = <TokenType.ANY: 'ANY'>
APPLY = <TokenType.APPLY: 'APPLY'>
ARRAY = <TokenType.ARRAY: 'ARRAY'>
ASC = <TokenType.ASC: 'ASC'>
ASOF = <TokenType.ASOF: 'ASOF'>
AUTO_INCREMENT = <TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT: 'AUTO_INCREMENT'>
BEGIN = <TokenType.BEGIN: 'BEGIN'>
BETWEEN = <TokenType.BETWEEN: 'BETWEEN'>
CACHE = <TokenType.CACHE: 'CACHE'>
CASE = <TokenType.CASE: 'CASE'>
CHARACTER_SET = <TokenType.CHARACTER_SET: 'CHARACTER_SET'>
COLLATE = <TokenType.COLLATE: 'COLLATE'>
COMMAND = <TokenType.COMMAND: 'COMMAND'>
COMMENT = <TokenType.COMMENT: 'COMMENT'>
COMMIT = <TokenType.COMMIT: 'COMMIT'>
CONSTRAINT = <TokenType.CONSTRAINT: 'CONSTRAINT'>
CREATE = <TokenType.CREATE: 'CREATE'>
CROSS = <TokenType.CROSS: 'CROSS'>
CUBE = <TokenType.CUBE: 'CUBE'>
CURRENT_DATE = <TokenType.CURRENT_DATE: 'CURRENT_DATE'>
CURRENT_DATETIME = <TokenType.CURRENT_DATETIME: 'CURRENT_DATETIME'>
CURRENT_TIME = <TokenType.CURRENT_TIME: 'CURRENT_TIME'>
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP = <TokenType.CURRENT_TIMESTAMP: 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'>
CURRENT_USER = <TokenType.CURRENT_USER: 'CURRENT_USER'>
DEFAULT = <TokenType.DEFAULT: 'DEFAULT'>
DELETE = <TokenType.DELETE: 'DELETE'>
DESC = <TokenType.DESC: 'DESC'>
DESCRIBE = <TokenType.DESCRIBE: 'DESCRIBE'>
DICTIONARY = <TokenType.DICTIONARY: 'DICTIONARY'>
DISTINCT = <TokenType.DISTINCT: 'DISTINCT'>
DIV = <TokenType.DIV: 'DIV'>
DROP = <TokenType.DROP: 'DROP'>
ELSE = <TokenType.ELSE: 'ELSE'>
END = <TokenType.END: 'END'>
ESCAPE = <TokenType.ESCAPE: 'ESCAPE'>
EXCEPT = <TokenType.EXCEPT: 'EXCEPT'>
EXECUTE = <TokenType.EXECUTE: 'EXECUTE'>
EXISTS = <TokenType.EXISTS: 'EXISTS'>
FALSE = <TokenType.FALSE: 'FALSE'>
FETCH = <TokenType.FETCH: 'FETCH'>
FILTER = <TokenType.FILTER: 'FILTER'>
FINAL = <TokenType.FINAL: 'FINAL'>
FIRST = <TokenType.FIRST: 'FIRST'>
FOR = <TokenType.FOR: 'FOR'>
FOREIGN_KEY = <TokenType.FOREIGN_KEY: 'FOREIGN_KEY'>
FORMAT = <TokenType.FORMAT: 'FORMAT'>
FROM = <TokenType.FROM: 'FROM'>
FULL = <TokenType.FULL: 'FULL'>
FUNCTION = <TokenType.FUNCTION: 'FUNCTION'>
GLOB = <TokenType.GLOB: 'GLOB'>
GLOBAL = <TokenType.GLOBAL: 'GLOBAL'>
GROUP_BY = <TokenType.GROUP_BY: 'GROUP_BY'>
GROUPING_SETS = <TokenType.GROUPING_SETS: 'GROUPING_SETS'>
HAVING = <TokenType.HAVING: 'HAVING'>
HINT = <TokenType.HINT: 'HINT'>
IF = <TokenType.IF: 'IF'>
ILIKE = <TokenType.ILIKE: 'ILIKE'>
ILIKE_ANY = <TokenType.ILIKE_ANY: 'ILIKE_ANY'>
IN = <TokenType.IN: 'IN'>
INDEX = <TokenType.INDEX: 'INDEX'>
INNER = <TokenType.INNER: 'INNER'>
INSERT = <TokenType.INSERT: 'INSERT'>
INTERSECT = <TokenType.INTERSECT: 'INTERSECT'>
INTERVAL = <TokenType.INTERVAL: 'INTERVAL'>
INTO = <TokenType.INTO: 'INTO'>
INTRODUCER = <TokenType.INTRODUCER: 'INTRODUCER'>
IRLIKE = <TokenType.IRLIKE: 'IRLIKE'>
IS = <TokenType.IS: 'IS'>
ISNULL = <TokenType.ISNULL: 'ISNULL'>
JOIN = <TokenType.JOIN: 'JOIN'>
JOIN_MARKER = <TokenType.JOIN_MARKER: 'JOIN_MARKER'>
KEEP = <TokenType.KEEP: 'KEEP'>
LANGUAGE = <TokenType.LANGUAGE: 'LANGUAGE'>
LATERAL = <TokenType.LATERAL: 'LATERAL'>
LEFT = <TokenType.LEFT: 'LEFT'>
LIKE = <TokenType.LIKE: 'LIKE'>
LIKE_ANY = <TokenType.LIKE_ANY: 'LIKE_ANY'>
LIMIT = <TokenType.LIMIT: 'LIMIT'>
LOAD = <TokenType.LOAD: 'LOAD'>
LOCK = <TokenType.LOCK: 'LOCK'>
MAP = <TokenType.MAP: 'MAP'>
MATCH_RECOGNIZE = <TokenType.MATCH_RECOGNIZE: 'MATCH_RECOGNIZE'>
MERGE = <TokenType.MERGE: 'MERGE'>
MOD = <TokenType.MOD: 'MOD'>
NATURAL = <TokenType.NATURAL: 'NATURAL'>
NEXT = <TokenType.NEXT: 'NEXT'>
NEXT_VALUE_FOR = <TokenType.NEXT_VALUE_FOR: 'NEXT_VALUE_FOR'>
NOTNULL = <TokenType.NOTNULL: 'NOTNULL'>
NULL = <TokenType.NULL: 'NULL'>
OFFSET = <TokenType.OFFSET: 'OFFSET'>
ON = <TokenType.ON: 'ON'>
ORDER_BY = <TokenType.ORDER_BY: 'ORDER_BY'>
ORDERED = <TokenType.ORDERED: 'ORDERED'>
ORDINALITY = <TokenType.ORDINALITY: 'ORDINALITY'>
OUTER = <TokenType.OUTER: 'OUTER'>
OVER = <TokenType.OVER: 'OVER'>
OVERLAPS = <TokenType.OVERLAPS: 'OVERLAPS'>
OVERWRITE = <TokenType.OVERWRITE: 'OVERWRITE'>
PARTITION = <TokenType.PARTITION: 'PARTITION'>
PARTITION_BY = <TokenType.PARTITION_BY: 'PARTITION_BY'>
PERCENT = <TokenType.PERCENT: 'PERCENT'>
PIVOT = <TokenType.PIVOT: 'PIVOT'>
PLACEHOLDER = <TokenType.PLACEHOLDER: 'PLACEHOLDER'>
PRAGMA = <TokenType.PRAGMA: 'PRAGMA'>
PRIMARY_KEY = <TokenType.PRIMARY_KEY: 'PRIMARY_KEY'>
PROCEDURE = <TokenType.PROCEDURE: 'PROCEDURE'>
PROPERTIES = <TokenType.PROPERTIES: 'PROPERTIES'>
PSEUDO_TYPE = <TokenType.PSEUDO_TYPE: 'PSEUDO_TYPE'>
QUALIFY = <TokenType.QUALIFY: 'QUALIFY'>
QUOTE = <TokenType.QUOTE: 'QUOTE'>
RANGE = <TokenType.RANGE: 'RANGE'>
RECURSIVE = <TokenType.RECURSIVE: 'RECURSIVE'>
REPLACE = <TokenType.REPLACE: 'REPLACE'>
RETURNING = <TokenType.RETURNING: 'RETURNING'>
REFERENCES = <TokenType.REFERENCES: 'REFERENCES'>
RIGHT = <TokenType.RIGHT: 'RIGHT'>
RLIKE = <TokenType.RLIKE: 'RLIKE'>
ROLLBACK = <TokenType.ROLLBACK: 'ROLLBACK'>
ROLLUP = <TokenType.ROLLUP: 'ROLLUP'>
ROW = <TokenType.ROW: 'ROW'>
ROWS = <TokenType.ROWS: 'ROWS'>
SELECT = <TokenType.SELECT: 'SELECT'>
SEMI = <TokenType.SEMI: 'SEMI'>
SEPARATOR = <TokenType.SEPARATOR: 'SEPARATOR'>
SERDE_PROPERTIES = <TokenType.SERDE_PROPERTIES: 'SERDE_PROPERTIES'>
SET = <TokenType.SET: 'SET'>
SETTINGS = <TokenType.SETTINGS: 'SETTINGS'>
SHOW = <TokenType.SHOW: 'SHOW'>
SIMILAR_TO = <TokenType.SIMILAR_TO: 'SIMILAR_TO'>
SOME = <TokenType.SOME: 'SOME'>
STRUCT = <TokenType.STRUCT: 'STRUCT'>
TABLE_SAMPLE = <TokenType.TABLE_SAMPLE: 'TABLE_SAMPLE'>
TEMPORARY = <TokenType.TEMPORARY: 'TEMPORARY'>
TOP = <TokenType.TOP: 'TOP'>
THEN = <TokenType.THEN: 'THEN'>
TRUE = <TokenType.TRUE: 'TRUE'>
UNCACHE = <TokenType.UNCACHE: 'UNCACHE'>
UNION = <TokenType.UNION: 'UNION'>
UNNEST = <TokenType.UNNEST: 'UNNEST'>
UNPIVOT = <TokenType.UNPIVOT: 'UNPIVOT'>
UPDATE = <TokenType.UPDATE: 'UPDATE'>
USE = <TokenType.USE: 'USE'>
USING = <TokenType.USING: 'USING'>
VALUES = <TokenType.VALUES: 'VALUES'>
VIEW = <TokenType.VIEW: 'VIEW'>
VOLATILE = <TokenType.VOLATILE: 'VOLATILE'>
WHEN = <TokenType.WHEN: 'WHEN'>
WHERE = <TokenType.WHERE: 'WHERE'>
WINDOW = <TokenType.WINDOW: 'WINDOW'>
WITH = <TokenType.WITH: 'WITH'>
UNIQUE = <TokenType.UNIQUE: 'UNIQUE'>
Inherited Members
enum.Enum
name
value
class Token:
308class Token:
309    __slots__ = ("token_type", "text", "line", "col", "start", "end", "comments")
310
311    @classmethod
312    def number(cls, number: int) -> Token:
313        """Returns a NUMBER token with `number` as its text."""
314        return cls(TokenType.NUMBER, str(number))
315
316    @classmethod
317    def string(cls, string: str) -> Token:
318        """Returns a STRING token with `string` as its text."""
319        return cls(TokenType.STRING, string)
320
321    @classmethod
322    def identifier(cls, identifier: str) -> Token:
323        """Returns an IDENTIFIER token with `identifier` as its text."""
324        return cls(TokenType.IDENTIFIER, identifier)
325
326    @classmethod
327    def var(cls, var: str) -> Token:
328        """Returns an VAR token with `var` as its text."""
329        return cls(TokenType.VAR, var)
330
331    def __init__(
332        self,
333        token_type: TokenType,
334        text: str,
335        line: int = 1,
336        col: int = 1,
337        start: int = 0,
338        end: int = 0,
339        comments: t.List[str] = [],
340    ) -> None:
341        """Token initializer.
342
343        Args:
344            token_type: The TokenType Enum.
345            text: The text of the token.
346            line: The line that the token ends on.
347            col: The column that the token ends on.
348            start: The start index of the token.
349            end: The ending index of the token.
350            comments: The comments to attach to the token.
351        """
352        self.token_type = token_type
353        self.text = text
354        self.line = line
355        self.col = col
356        self.start = start
357        self.end = end
358        self.comments = comments
359
360    def __repr__(self) -> str:
361        attributes = ", ".join(f"{k}: {getattr(self, k)}" for k in self.__slots__)
362        return f"<Token {attributes}>"
Token( token_type: sqlglot.tokens.TokenType, text: str, line: int = 1, col: int = 1, start: int = 0, end: int = 0, comments: List[str] = [])
331    def __init__(
332        self,
333        token_type: TokenType,
334        text: str,
335        line: int = 1,
336        col: int = 1,
337        start: int = 0,
338        end: int = 0,
339        comments: t.List[str] = [],
340    ) -> None:
341        """Token initializer.
342
343        Args:
344            token_type: The TokenType Enum.
345            text: The text of the token.
346            line: The line that the token ends on.
347            col: The column that the token ends on.
348            start: The start index of the token.
349            end: The ending index of the token.
350            comments: The comments to attach to the token.
351        """
352        self.token_type = token_type
353        self.text = text
354        self.line = line
355        self.col = col
356        self.start = start
357        self.end = end
358        self.comments = comments

Token initializer.

Arguments:
  • token_type: The TokenType Enum.
  • text: The text of the token.
  • line: The line that the token ends on.
  • col: The column that the token ends on.
  • start: The start index of the token.
  • end: The ending index of the token.
  • comments: The comments to attach to the token.
@classmethod
def number(cls, number: int) -> sqlglot.tokens.Token:
311    @classmethod
312    def number(cls, number: int) -> Token:
313        """Returns a NUMBER token with `number` as its text."""
314        return cls(TokenType.NUMBER, str(number))

Returns a NUMBER token with number as its text.

@classmethod
def string(cls, string: str) -> sqlglot.tokens.Token:
316    @classmethod
317    def string(cls, string: str) -> Token:
318        """Returns a STRING token with `string` as its text."""
319        return cls(TokenType.STRING, string)

Returns a STRING token with string as its text.

@classmethod
def identifier(cls, identifier: str) -> sqlglot.tokens.Token:
321    @classmethod
322    def identifier(cls, identifier: str) -> Token:
323        """Returns an IDENTIFIER token with `identifier` as its text."""
324        return cls(TokenType.IDENTIFIER, identifier)

Returns an IDENTIFIER token with identifier as its text.

@classmethod
def var(cls, var: str) -> sqlglot.tokens.Token:
326    @classmethod
327    def var(cls, var: str) -> Token:
328        """Returns an VAR token with `var` as its text."""
329        return cls(TokenType.VAR, var)

Returns an VAR token with var as its text.

class Tokenizer:
 418class Tokenizer(metaclass=_Tokenizer):
 419    SINGLE_TOKENS = {
 420        "(": TokenType.L_PAREN,
 421        ")": TokenType.R_PAREN,
 422        "[": TokenType.L_BRACKET,
 423        "]": TokenType.R_BRACKET,
 424        "{": TokenType.L_BRACE,
 425        "}": TokenType.R_BRACE,
 426        "&": TokenType.AMP,
 427        "^": TokenType.CARET,
 428        ":": TokenType.COLON,
 429        ",": TokenType.COMMA,
 430        ".": TokenType.DOT,
 431        "-": TokenType.DASH,
 432        "=": TokenType.EQ,
 433        ">": TokenType.GT,
 434        "<": TokenType.LT,
 435        "%": TokenType.MOD,
 436        "!": TokenType.NOT,
 437        "|": TokenType.PIPE,
 438        "+": TokenType.PLUS,
 439        ";": TokenType.SEMICOLON,
 440        "/": TokenType.SLASH,
 441        "\\": TokenType.BACKSLASH,
 442        "*": TokenType.STAR,
 443        "~": TokenType.TILDA,
 444        "?": TokenType.PLACEHOLDER,
 445        "@": TokenType.PARAMETER,
 446        # used for breaking a var like x'y' but nothing else
 447        # the token type doesn't matter
 448        "'": TokenType.QUOTE,
 449        "`": TokenType.IDENTIFIER,
 450        '"': TokenType.IDENTIFIER,
 451        "#": TokenType.HASH,
 452    }
 453
 454    BIT_STRINGS: t.List[str | t.Tuple[str, str]] = []
 455    BYTE_STRINGS: t.List[str | t.Tuple[str, str]] = []
 456    HEX_STRINGS: t.List[str | t.Tuple[str, str]] = []
 457    RAW_STRINGS: t.List[str | t.Tuple[str, str]] = []
 458    IDENTIFIERS: t.List[str | t.Tuple[str, str]] = ['"']
 459    IDENTIFIER_ESCAPES = ['"']
 460    QUOTES: t.List[t.Tuple[str, str] | str] = ["'"]
 461    STRING_ESCAPES = ["'"]
 462    VAR_SINGLE_TOKENS: t.Set[str] = set()
 463
 464    # Autofilled
 465    IDENTIFIERS_CAN_START_WITH_DIGIT: bool = False
 466
 467    _COMMENTS: t.Dict[str, str] = {}
 468    _FORMAT_STRINGS: t.Dict[str, t.Tuple[str, TokenType]] = {}
 469    _IDENTIFIERS: t.Dict[str, str] = {}
 470    _IDENTIFIER_ESCAPES: t.Set[str] = set()
 471    _QUOTES: t.Dict[str, str] = {}
 472    _STRING_ESCAPES: t.Set[str] = set()
 473    _KEYWORD_TRIE: t.Dict = {}
 474
 475    KEYWORDS: t.Dict[str, TokenType] = {
 476        **{f"{{%{postfix}": TokenType.BLOCK_START for postfix in ("", "+", "-")},
 477        **{f"{prefix}%}}": TokenType.BLOCK_END for prefix in ("", "+", "-")},
 478        **{f"{{{{{postfix}": TokenType.BLOCK_START for postfix in ("+", "-")},
 479        **{f"{prefix}}}}}": TokenType.BLOCK_END for prefix in ("+", "-")},
 480        "/*+": TokenType.HINT,
 481        "==": TokenType.EQ,
 482        "::": TokenType.DCOLON,
 483        "||": TokenType.DPIPE,
 484        ">=": TokenType.GTE,
 485        "<=": TokenType.LTE,
 486        "<>": TokenType.NEQ,
 487        "!=": TokenType.NEQ,
 488        "<=>": TokenType.NULLSAFE_EQ,
 489        "->": TokenType.ARROW,
 490        "->>": TokenType.DARROW,
 491        "=>": TokenType.FARROW,
 492        "#>": TokenType.HASH_ARROW,
 493        "#>>": TokenType.DHASH_ARROW,
 494        "<->": TokenType.LR_ARROW,
 495        "&&": TokenType.DAMP,
 496        "ALL": TokenType.ALL,
 497        "ALWAYS": TokenType.ALWAYS,
 498        "AND": TokenType.AND,
 499        "ANTI": TokenType.ANTI,
 500        "ANY": TokenType.ANY,
 501        "ASC": TokenType.ASC,
 502        "AS": TokenType.ALIAS,
 503        "ASOF": TokenType.ASOF,
 504        "AUTOINCREMENT": TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT,
 505        "AUTO_INCREMENT": TokenType.AUTO_INCREMENT,
 506        "BEGIN": TokenType.BEGIN,
 507        "BETWEEN": TokenType.BETWEEN,
 508        "CACHE": TokenType.CACHE,
 509        "UNCACHE": TokenType.UNCACHE,
 510        "CASE": TokenType.CASE,
 511        "CHARACTER SET": TokenType.CHARACTER_SET,
 512        "COLLATE": TokenType.COLLATE,
 513        "COLUMN": TokenType.COLUMN,
 514        "COMMIT": TokenType.COMMIT,
 515        "CONSTRAINT": TokenType.CONSTRAINT,
 516        "CREATE": TokenType.CREATE,
 517        "CROSS": TokenType.CROSS,
 518        "CUBE": TokenType.CUBE,
 519        "CURRENT_DATE": TokenType.CURRENT_DATE,
 520        "CURRENT_TIME": TokenType.CURRENT_TIME,
 521        "CURRENT_TIMESTAMP": TokenType.CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
 522        "CURRENT_USER": TokenType.CURRENT_USER,
 523        "DATABASE": TokenType.DATABASE,
 524        "DEFAULT": TokenType.DEFAULT,
 525        "DELETE": TokenType.DELETE,
 526        "DESC": TokenType.DESC,
 527        "DESCRIBE": TokenType.DESCRIBE,
 528        "DISTINCT": TokenType.DISTINCT,
 529        "DIV": TokenType.DIV,
 530        "DROP": TokenType.DROP,
 531        "ELSE": TokenType.ELSE,
 532        "END": TokenType.END,
 533        "ESCAPE": TokenType.ESCAPE,
 534        "EXCEPT": TokenType.EXCEPT,
 535        "EXECUTE": TokenType.EXECUTE,
 536        "EXISTS": TokenType.EXISTS,
 537        "FALSE": TokenType.FALSE,
 538        "FETCH": TokenType.FETCH,
 539        "FILTER": TokenType.FILTER,
 540        "FIRST": TokenType.FIRST,
 541        "FULL": TokenType.FULL,
 542        "FUNCTION": TokenType.FUNCTION,
 543        "FOR": TokenType.FOR,
 544        "FOREIGN KEY": TokenType.FOREIGN_KEY,
 545        "FORMAT": TokenType.FORMAT,
 546        "FROM": TokenType.FROM,
 547        "GEOGRAPHY": TokenType.GEOGRAPHY,
 548        "GEOMETRY": TokenType.GEOMETRY,
 549        "GLOB": TokenType.GLOB,
 550        "GROUP BY": TokenType.GROUP_BY,
 551        "GROUPING SETS": TokenType.GROUPING_SETS,
 552        "HAVING": TokenType.HAVING,
 553        "IF": TokenType.IF,
 554        "ILIKE": TokenType.ILIKE,
 555        "IN": TokenType.IN,
 556        "INDEX": TokenType.INDEX,
 557        "INET": TokenType.INET,
 558        "INNER": TokenType.INNER,
 559        "INSERT": TokenType.INSERT,
 560        "INTERVAL": TokenType.INTERVAL,
 561        "INTERSECT": TokenType.INTERSECT,
 562        "INTO": TokenType.INTO,
 563        "IS": TokenType.IS,
 564        "ISNULL": TokenType.ISNULL,
 565        "JOIN": TokenType.JOIN,
 566        "KEEP": TokenType.KEEP,
 567        "LATERAL": TokenType.LATERAL,
 568        "LEFT": TokenType.LEFT,
 569        "LIKE": TokenType.LIKE,
 570        "LIMIT": TokenType.LIMIT,
 571        "LOAD": TokenType.LOAD,
 572        "LOCK": TokenType.LOCK,
 573        "MERGE": TokenType.MERGE,
 574        "NATURAL": TokenType.NATURAL,
 575        "NEXT": TokenType.NEXT,
 576        "NEXT VALUE FOR": TokenType.NEXT_VALUE_FOR,
 577        "NOT": TokenType.NOT,
 578        "NOTNULL": TokenType.NOTNULL,
 579        "NULL": TokenType.NULL,
 580        "OBJECT": TokenType.OBJECT,
 581        "OFFSET": TokenType.OFFSET,
 582        "ON": TokenType.ON,
 583        "OR": TokenType.OR,
 584        "ORDER BY": TokenType.ORDER_BY,
 585        "ORDINALITY": TokenType.ORDINALITY,
 586        "OUTER": TokenType.OUTER,
 587        "OVER": TokenType.OVER,
 588        "OVERLAPS": TokenType.OVERLAPS,
 589        "OVERWRITE": TokenType.OVERWRITE,
 590        "PARTITION": TokenType.PARTITION,
 591        "PARTITION BY": TokenType.PARTITION_BY,
 592        "PARTITIONED BY": TokenType.PARTITION_BY,
 593        "PARTITIONED_BY": TokenType.PARTITION_BY,
 594        "PERCENT": TokenType.PERCENT,
 595        "PIVOT": TokenType.PIVOT,
 596        "PRAGMA": TokenType.PRAGMA,
 597        "PRIMARY KEY": TokenType.PRIMARY_KEY,
 598        "PROCEDURE": TokenType.PROCEDURE,
 599        "QUALIFY": TokenType.QUALIFY,
 600        "RANGE": TokenType.RANGE,
 601        "RECURSIVE": TokenType.RECURSIVE,
 602        "REGEXP": TokenType.RLIKE,
 603        "REPLACE": TokenType.REPLACE,
 604        "REFERENCES": TokenType.REFERENCES,
 605        "RIGHT": TokenType.RIGHT,
 606        "RLIKE": TokenType.RLIKE,
 607        "ROLLBACK": TokenType.ROLLBACK,
 608        "ROLLUP": TokenType.ROLLUP,
 609        "ROW": TokenType.ROW,
 610        "ROWS": TokenType.ROWS,
 611        "SCHEMA": TokenType.SCHEMA,
 612        "SELECT": TokenType.SELECT,
 613        "SEMI": TokenType.SEMI,
 614        "SET": TokenType.SET,
 615        "SETTINGS": TokenType.SETTINGS,
 616        "SHOW": TokenType.SHOW,
 617        "SIMILAR TO": TokenType.SIMILAR_TO,
 618        "SOME": TokenType.SOME,
 619        "TABLE": TokenType.TABLE,
 620        "TABLESAMPLE": TokenType.TABLE_SAMPLE,
 621        "TEMP": TokenType.TEMPORARY,
 622        "TEMPORARY": TokenType.TEMPORARY,
 623        "THEN": TokenType.THEN,
 624        "TRUE": TokenType.TRUE,
 625        "UNION": TokenType.UNION,
 626        "UNNEST": TokenType.UNNEST,
 627        "UNPIVOT": TokenType.UNPIVOT,
 628        "UPDATE": TokenType.UPDATE,
 629        "USE": TokenType.USE,
 630        "USING": TokenType.USING,
 631        "UUID": TokenType.UUID,
 632        "VALUES": TokenType.VALUES,
 633        "VIEW": TokenType.VIEW,
 634        "VOLATILE": TokenType.VOLATILE,
 635        "WHEN": TokenType.WHEN,
 636        "WHERE": TokenType.WHERE,
 637        "WINDOW": TokenType.WINDOW,
 638        "WITH": TokenType.WITH,
 639        "APPLY": TokenType.APPLY,
 640        "ARRAY": TokenType.ARRAY,
 641        "BIT": TokenType.BIT,
 642        "BOOL": TokenType.BOOLEAN,
 643        "BOOLEAN": TokenType.BOOLEAN,
 644        "BYTE": TokenType.TINYINT,
 645        "TINYINT": TokenType.TINYINT,
 646        "SHORT": TokenType.SMALLINT,
 647        "SMALLINT": TokenType.SMALLINT,
 648        "INT2": TokenType.SMALLINT,
 649        "INTEGER": TokenType.INT,
 650        "INT": TokenType.INT,
 651        "INT4": TokenType.INT,
 652        "LONG": TokenType.BIGINT,
 653        "BIGINT": TokenType.BIGINT,
 654        "INT8": TokenType.BIGINT,
 655        "DEC": TokenType.DECIMAL,
 656        "DECIMAL": TokenType.DECIMAL,
 657        "BIGDECIMAL": TokenType.BIGDECIMAL,
 658        "BIGNUMERIC": TokenType.BIGDECIMAL,
 659        "MAP": TokenType.MAP,
 660        "NULLABLE": TokenType.NULLABLE,
 661        "NUMBER": TokenType.DECIMAL,
 662        "NUMERIC": TokenType.DECIMAL,
 663        "FIXED": TokenType.DECIMAL,
 664        "REAL": TokenType.FLOAT,
 665        "FLOAT": TokenType.FLOAT,
 666        "FLOAT4": TokenType.FLOAT,
 667        "FLOAT8": TokenType.DOUBLE,
 668        "DOUBLE": TokenType.DOUBLE,
 669        "DOUBLE PRECISION": TokenType.DOUBLE,
 670        "JSON": TokenType.JSON,
 671        "CHAR": TokenType.CHAR,
 672        "CHARACTER": TokenType.CHAR,
 673        "NCHAR": TokenType.NCHAR,
 674        "VARCHAR": TokenType.VARCHAR,
 675        "VARCHAR2": TokenType.VARCHAR,
 676        "NVARCHAR": TokenType.NVARCHAR,
 677        "NVARCHAR2": TokenType.NVARCHAR,
 678        "STR": TokenType.TEXT,
 679        "STRING": TokenType.TEXT,
 680        "TEXT": TokenType.TEXT,
 681        "CLOB": TokenType.TEXT,
 682        "LONGVARCHAR": TokenType.TEXT,
 683        "BINARY": TokenType.BINARY,
 684        "BLOB": TokenType.VARBINARY,
 685        "BYTEA": TokenType.VARBINARY,
 686        "VARBINARY": TokenType.VARBINARY,
 687        "TIME": TokenType.TIME,
 688        "TIMESTAMP": TokenType.TIMESTAMP,
 689        "TIMESTAMPTZ": TokenType.TIMESTAMPTZ,
 690        "TIMESTAMPLTZ": TokenType.TIMESTAMPLTZ,
 691        "DATE": TokenType.DATE,
 692        "DATETIME": TokenType.DATETIME,
 693        "INT4RANGE": TokenType.INT4RANGE,
 694        "INT4MULTIRANGE": TokenType.INT4MULTIRANGE,
 695        "INT8RANGE": TokenType.INT8RANGE,
 696        "INT8MULTIRANGE": TokenType.INT8MULTIRANGE,
 697        "NUMRANGE": TokenType.NUMRANGE,
 698        "NUMMULTIRANGE": TokenType.NUMMULTIRANGE,
 699        "TSRANGE": TokenType.TSRANGE,
 700        "TSMULTIRANGE": TokenType.TSMULTIRANGE,
 701        "TSTZRANGE": TokenType.TSTZRANGE,
 702        "TSTZMULTIRANGE": TokenType.TSTZMULTIRANGE,
 703        "DATERANGE": TokenType.DATERANGE,
 704        "DATEMULTIRANGE": TokenType.DATEMULTIRANGE,
 705        "UNIQUE": TokenType.UNIQUE,
 706        "STRUCT": TokenType.STRUCT,
 707        "VARIANT": TokenType.VARIANT,
 708        "ALTER": TokenType.ALTER,
 709        "ANALYZE": TokenType.COMMAND,
 710        "CALL": TokenType.COMMAND,
 711        "COMMENT": TokenType.COMMENT,
 712        "COPY": TokenType.COMMAND,
 713        "EXPLAIN": TokenType.COMMAND,
 714        "GRANT": TokenType.COMMAND,
 715        "OPTIMIZE": TokenType.COMMAND,
 716        "PREPARE": TokenType.COMMAND,
 717        "TRUNCATE": TokenType.COMMAND,
 718        "VACUUM": TokenType.COMMAND,
 719    }
 720
 721    WHITE_SPACE: t.Dict[t.Optional[str], TokenType] = {
 722        " ": TokenType.SPACE,
 723        "\t": TokenType.SPACE,
 724        "\n": TokenType.BREAK,
 725        "\r": TokenType.BREAK,
 726        "\r\n": TokenType.BREAK,
 727    }
 728
 729    COMMANDS = {
 730        TokenType.COMMAND,
 731        TokenType.EXECUTE,
 732        TokenType.FETCH,
 733        TokenType.SHOW,
 734    }
 735
 736    COMMAND_PREFIX_TOKENS = {TokenType.SEMICOLON, TokenType.BEGIN}
 737
 738    # handle numeric literals like in hive (3L = BIGINT)
 739    NUMERIC_LITERALS: t.Dict[str, str] = {}
 740    ENCODE: t.Optional[str] = None
 741
 742    COMMENTS = ["--", ("/*", "*/")]
 743
 744    __slots__ = (
 745        "sql",
 746        "size",
 747        "tokens",
 748        "_start",
 749        "_current",
 750        "_line",
 751        "_col",
 752        "_comments",
 753        "_char",
 754        "_end",
 755        "_peek",
 756        "_prev_token_line",
 757    )
 758
 759    def __init__(self) -> None:
 760        self.reset()
 761
 762    def reset(self) -> None:
 763        self.sql = ""
 764        self.size = 0
 765        self.tokens: t.List[Token] = []
 766        self._start = 0
 767        self._current = 0
 768        self._line = 1
 769        self._col = 0
 770        self._comments: t.List[str] = []
 771
 772        self._char = ""
 773        self._end = False
 774        self._peek = ""
 775        self._prev_token_line = -1
 776
 777    def tokenize(self, sql: str) -> t.List[Token]:
 778        """Returns a list of tokens corresponding to the SQL string `sql`."""
 779        self.reset()
 780        self.sql = sql
 781        self.size = len(sql)
 782
 783        try:
 784            self._scan()
 785        except Exception as e:
 786            start = max(self._current - 50, 0)
 787            end = min(self._current + 50, self.size - 1)
 788            context = self.sql[start:end]
 789            raise ValueError(f"Error tokenizing '{context}'") from e
 790
 791        return self.tokens
 792
 793    def _scan(self, until: t.Optional[t.Callable] = None) -> None:
 794        while self.size and not self._end:
 795            self._start = self._current
 796            self._advance()
 797
 798            if self._char is None:
 799                break
 800
 801            if self._char not in self.WHITE_SPACE:
 802                if self._char.isdigit():
 803                    self._scan_number()
 804                elif self._char in self._IDENTIFIERS:
 805                    self._scan_identifier(self._IDENTIFIERS[self._char])
 806                else:
 807                    self._scan_keywords()
 808
 809            if until and until():
 810                break
 811
 812        if self.tokens and self._comments:
 813            self.tokens[-1].comments.extend(self._comments)
 814
 815    def _chars(self, size: int) -> str:
 816        if size == 1:
 817            return self._char
 818
 819        start = self._current - 1
 820        end = start + size
 821
 822        return self.sql[start:end] if end <= self.size else ""
 823
 824    def _advance(self, i: int = 1, alnum: bool = False) -> None:
 825        if self.WHITE_SPACE.get(self._char) is TokenType.BREAK:
 826            self._col = 1
 827            self._line += 1
 828        else:
 829            self._col += i
 830
 831        self._current += i
 832        self._end = self._current >= self.size
 833        self._char = self.sql[self._current - 1]
 834        self._peek = "" if self._end else self.sql[self._current]
 835
 836        if alnum and self._char.isalnum():
 837            # Here we use local variables instead of attributes for better performance
 838            _col = self._col
 839            _current = self._current
 840            _end = self._end
 841            _peek = self._peek
 842
 843            while _peek.isalnum():
 844                _col += 1
 845                _current += 1
 846                _end = _current >= self.size
 847                _peek = "" if _end else self.sql[_current]
 848
 849            self._col = _col
 850            self._current = _current
 851            self._end = _end
 852            self._peek = _peek
 853            self._char = self.sql[_current - 1]
 854
 855    @property
 856    def _text(self) -> str:
 857        return self.sql[self._start : self._current]
 858
 859    def peek(self, i: int = 0) -> str:
 860        i = self._current + i
 861        if i < self.size:
 862            return self.sql[i]
 863        return ""
 864
 865    def _add(self, token_type: TokenType, text: t.Optional[str] = None) -> None:
 866        self._prev_token_line = self._line
 867        self.tokens.append(
 868            Token(
 869                token_type,
 870                text=self._text if text is None else text,
 871                line=self._line,
 872                col=self._col,
 873                start=self._start,
 874                end=self._current - 1,
 875                comments=self._comments,
 876            )
 877        )
 878        self._comments = []
 879
 880        # If we have either a semicolon or a begin token before the command's token, we'll parse
 881        # whatever follows the command's token as a string
 882        if (
 883            token_type in self.COMMANDS
 884            and self._peek != ";"
 885            and (len(self.tokens) == 1 or self.tokens[-2].token_type in self.COMMAND_PREFIX_TOKENS)
 886        ):
 887            start = self._current
 888            tokens = len(self.tokens)
 889            self._scan(lambda: self._peek == ";")
 890            self.tokens = self.tokens[:tokens]
 891            text = self.sql[start : self._current].strip()
 892            if text:
 893                self._add(TokenType.STRING, text)
 894
 895    def _scan_keywords(self) -> None:
 896        size = 0
 897        word = None
 898        chars = self._text
 899        char = chars
 900        prev_space = False
 901        skip = False
 902        trie = self._KEYWORD_TRIE
 903        single_token = char in self.SINGLE_TOKENS
 904
 905        while chars:
 906            if skip:
 907                result = 1
 908            else:
 909                result, trie = in_trie(trie, char.upper())
 910
 911            if result == 0:
 912                break
 913            if result == 2:
 914                word = chars
 915
 916            size += 1
 917            end = self._current - 1 + size
 918
 919            if end < self.size:
 920                char = self.sql[end]
 921                single_token = single_token or char in self.SINGLE_TOKENS
 922                is_space = char in self.WHITE_SPACE
 923
 924                if not is_space or not prev_space:
 925                    if is_space:
 926                        char = " "
 927                    chars += char
 928                    prev_space = is_space
 929                    skip = False
 930                else:
 931                    skip = True
 932            else:
 933                char = ""
 934                chars = " "
 935
 936        word = None if not single_token and chars[-1] not in self.WHITE_SPACE else word
 937
 938        if not word:
 939            if self._char in self.SINGLE_TOKENS:
 940                self._add(self.SINGLE_TOKENS[self._char], text=self._char)
 941                return
 942            self._scan_var()
 943            return
 944
 945        if self._scan_string(word):
 946            return
 947        if self._scan_comment(word):
 948            return
 949
 950        self._advance(size - 1)
 951        word = word.upper()
 952        self._add(self.KEYWORDS[word], text=word)
 953
 954    def _scan_comment(self, comment_start: str) -> bool:
 955        if comment_start not in self._COMMENTS:
 956            return False
 957
 958        comment_start_line = self._line
 959        comment_start_size = len(comment_start)
 960        comment_end = self._COMMENTS[comment_start]
 961
 962        if comment_end:
 963            # Skip the comment's start delimiter
 964            self._advance(comment_start_size)
 965
 966            comment_end_size = len(comment_end)
 967            while not self._end and self._chars(comment_end_size) != comment_end:
 968                self._advance(alnum=True)
 969
 970            self._comments.append(self._text[comment_start_size : -comment_end_size + 1])
 971            self._advance(comment_end_size - 1)
 972        else:
 973            while not self._end and not self.WHITE_SPACE.get(self._peek) is TokenType.BREAK:
 974                self._advance(alnum=True)
 975            self._comments.append(self._text[comment_start_size:])
 976
 977        # Leading comment is attached to the succeeding token, whilst trailing comment to the preceding.
 978        # Multiple consecutive comments are preserved by appending them to the current comments list.
 979        if comment_start_line == self._prev_token_line:
 980            self.tokens[-1].comments.extend(self._comments)
 981            self._comments = []
 982            self._prev_token_line = self._line
 983
 984        return True
 985
 986    def _scan_number(self) -> None:
 987        if self._char == "0":
 988            peek = self._peek.upper()
 989            if peek == "B":
 990                return self._scan_bits() if self.BIT_STRINGS else self._add(TokenType.NUMBER)
 991            elif peek == "X":
 992                return self._scan_hex() if self.HEX_STRINGS else self._add(TokenType.NUMBER)
 993
 994        decimal = False
 995        scientific = 0
 996
 997        while True:
 998            if self._peek.isdigit():
 999                self._advance()
1000            elif self._peek == "." and not decimal:
1001                after = self.peek(1)
1002                if after.isdigit() or not after.isalpha():
1003                    decimal = True
1004                    self._advance()
1005                else:
1006                    return self._add(TokenType.VAR)
1007            elif self._peek in ("-", "+") and scientific == 1:
1008                scientific += 1
1009                self._advance()
1010            elif self._peek.upper() == "E" and not scientific:
1011                scientific += 1
1012                self._advance()
1013            elif self._peek.isidentifier():
1014                number_text = self._text
1015                literal = ""
1016
1017                while self._peek.strip() and self._peek not in self.SINGLE_TOKENS:
1018                    literal += self._peek.upper()
1019                    self._advance()
1020
1021                token_type = self.KEYWORDS.get(self.NUMERIC_LITERALS.get(literal, ""))
1022
1023                if token_type:
1024                    self._add(TokenType.NUMBER, number_text)
1025                    self._add(TokenType.DCOLON, "::")
1026                    return self._add(token_type, literal)
1027                elif self.IDENTIFIERS_CAN_START_WITH_DIGIT:
1028                    return self._add(TokenType.VAR)
1029
1030                self._add(TokenType.NUMBER, number_text)
1031                return self._advance(-len(literal))
1032            else:
1033                return self._add(TokenType.NUMBER)
1034
1035    def _scan_bits(self) -> None:
1036        self._advance()
1037        value = self._extract_value()
1038        try:
1039            # If `value` can't be converted to a binary, fallback to tokenizing it as an identifier
1040            int(value, 2)
1041            self._add(TokenType.BIT_STRING, value[2:])  # Drop the 0b
1042        except ValueError:
1043            self._add(TokenType.IDENTIFIER)
1044
1045    def _scan_hex(self) -> None:
1046        self._advance()
1047        value = self._extract_value()
1048        try:
1049            # If `value` can't be converted to a hex, fallback to tokenizing it as an identifier
1050            int(value, 16)
1051            self._add(TokenType.HEX_STRING, value[2:])  # Drop the 0x
1052        except ValueError:
1053            self._add(TokenType.IDENTIFIER)
1054
1055    def _extract_value(self) -> str:
1056        while True:
1057            char = self._peek.strip()
1058            if char and char not in self.SINGLE_TOKENS:
1059                self._advance(alnum=True)
1060            else:
1061                break
1062
1063        return self._text
1064
1065    def _scan_string(self, start: str) -> bool:
1066        base = None
1067        token_type = TokenType.STRING
1068
1069        if start in self._QUOTES:
1070            end = self._QUOTES[start]
1071        elif start in self._FORMAT_STRINGS:
1072            end, token_type = self._FORMAT_STRINGS[start]
1073
1074            if token_type == TokenType.HEX_STRING:
1075                base = 16
1076            elif token_type == TokenType.BIT_STRING:
1077                base = 2
1078        else:
1079            return False
1080
1081        self._advance(len(start))
1082        text = self._extract_string(end)
1083
1084        if base:
1085            try:
1086                int(text, base)
1087            except:
1088                raise RuntimeError(
1089                    f"Numeric string contains invalid characters from {self._line}:{self._start}"
1090                )
1091        else:
1092            text = text.encode(self.ENCODE).decode(self.ENCODE) if self.ENCODE else text
1093
1094        self._add(token_type, text)
1095        return True
1096
1097    def _scan_identifier(self, identifier_end: str) -> None:
1098        self._advance()
1099        text = self._extract_string(identifier_end, self._IDENTIFIER_ESCAPES)
1100        self._add(TokenType.IDENTIFIER, text)
1101
1102    def _scan_var(self) -> None:
1103        while True:
1104            char = self._peek.strip()
1105            if char and (char in self.VAR_SINGLE_TOKENS or char not in self.SINGLE_TOKENS):
1106                self._advance(alnum=True)
1107            else:
1108                break
1109
1110        self._add(
1111            TokenType.VAR
1112            if self.tokens and self.tokens[-1].token_type == TokenType.PARAMETER
1113            else self.KEYWORDS.get(self._text.upper(), TokenType.VAR)
1114        )
1115
1116    def _extract_string(self, delimiter: str, escapes=None) -> str:
1117        text = ""
1118        delim_size = len(delimiter)
1119        escapes = self._STRING_ESCAPES if escapes is None else escapes
1120
1121        while True:
1122            if self._char in escapes and (self._peek == delimiter or self._peek in escapes):
1123                if self._peek == delimiter:
1124                    text += self._peek
1125                else:
1126                    text += self._char + self._peek
1127
1128                if self._current + 1 < self.size:
1129                    self._advance(2)
1130                else:
1131                    raise RuntimeError(f"Missing {delimiter} from {self._line}:{self._current}")
1132            else:
1133                if self._chars(delim_size) == delimiter:
1134                    if delim_size > 1:
1135                        self._advance(delim_size - 1)
1136                    break
1137
1138                if self._end:
1139                    raise RuntimeError(f"Missing {delimiter} from {self._line}:{self._start}")
1140
1141                current = self._current - 1
1142                self._advance(alnum=True)
1143                text += self.sql[current : self._current - 1]
1144
1145        return text
def reset(self) -> None:
762    def reset(self) -> None:
763        self.sql = ""
764        self.size = 0
765        self.tokens: t.List[Token] = []
766        self._start = 0
767        self._current = 0
768        self._line = 1
769        self._col = 0
770        self._comments: t.List[str] = []
771
772        self._char = ""
773        self._end = False
774        self._peek = ""
775        self._prev_token_line = -1
def tokenize(self, sql: str) -> List[sqlglot.tokens.Token]:
777    def tokenize(self, sql: str) -> t.List[Token]:
778        """Returns a list of tokens corresponding to the SQL string `sql`."""
779        self.reset()
780        self.sql = sql
781        self.size = len(sql)
782
783        try:
784            self._scan()
785        except Exception as e:
786            start = max(self._current - 50, 0)
787            end = min(self._current + 50, self.size - 1)
788            context = self.sql[start:end]
789            raise ValueError(f"Error tokenizing '{context}'") from e
790
791        return self.tokens

Returns a list of tokens corresponding to the SQL string sql.

def peek(self, i: int = 0) -> str:
859    def peek(self, i: int = 0) -> str:
860        i = self._current + i
861        if i < self.size:
862            return self.sql[i]
863        return ""