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Flödesscheman: Mermaid och Graphviz

Omvandlar samma pseudokod till ett Mermaid- eller Graphviz-flödesschema. Båda motorerna delar samma semantik; Graphviz prioriterar deterministisk geometri.

Diagrammen nedan renderas direkt av MkDocs från Mermaid- och Graphviz-källorna; inga ungefärliga statiska bilder används.

Komplett exempel: gissa talet

Först läses n som övre gräns. Programmet väljer slumpmässigt ett mål mellan 1 och n och frågar sedan efter gissningar m. När talet hittas avslutar Avbryta slingan.

Läsa n
mål = slumpMellan(1, n)
m = mål + 1
Medan m är inte lika med mål:
    Läsa m
    Om m > mål Så:
        Visa "För stort!"
    Annars Om m < mål Så:
        Visa "För litet!"
    Annars:
        Visa "Vunnit!"
        Avbryta
    Slut
Slut

%%{init: {"flowchart":{"curve":"basis","nodeSpacing":55,"rankSpacing":72,"htmlLabels":false},"layout":"elk","look":"classic","elk":{"preset":"modelOrder","nodePlacementStrategy":"LINEAR_SEGMENTS","nodePlacementAlignment":"NONE","layeringStrategy":"NETWORK_SIMPLEX","cycleBreakingStrategy":"MODEL_ORDER","considerModelOrder":"NODES_AND_EDGES","forceNodeModelOrder":true,"keepEntryNodeOnTop":true,"straightenEdges":true,"lineHops":false,"mergeEdges":false},"htmlLabels":false}}%%
%% pseudocode-layout-profile: validated-loop-attached-edges-v22
flowchart TD
    n1(["Start"])
    n2(["Slut"])
    n3[/"Läsa n"/]
    %% pseudocode-edge e0 n1 n3 normal
    n1 e0@--> n3
    %% pseudocode-sequence e0 n1 n3
    n4["mål = slumpMellan(1, n)"]
    %% pseudocode-edge e1 n3 n4 normal
    n3 e1@--> n4
    %% pseudocode-sequence e1 n3 n4
    n5["m = mål + 1"]
    %% pseudocode-edge e2 n4 n5 normal
    n4 e2@--> n5
    %% pseudocode-sequence e2 n4 n5
    n6{"Medan m är inte lika med mål ?"}
    %% pseudocode-edge e3 n5 n6 normal
    n5 e3@--> n6
    %% pseudocode-sequence e3 n5 n6
    subgraph loop1_body[" "]
        direction TB
    n7[/"Läsa m"/]
    n8{"m ›⁣ mål ?"}
    %% pseudocode-edge e4 n7 n8 normal
    n7 e4@--> n8
    %% pseudocode-sequence e4 n7 n8
    n9[/"Visa 'För stort!'"/]
    %% pseudocode-edge e5 n8 n9 branch
    n8 e5@-->|"Ja"| n9
    n10{"m ‹⁣ mål ?"}
    %% pseudocode-edge e6 n8 n10 branch
    n8 e6@-->|"Nej"| n10
    n11[/"Visa 'För litet!'"/]
    %% pseudocode-edge e7 n10 n11 branch
    n10 e7@-->|"Ja"| n11
    n12[/"Visa 'Vunnit!'"/]
    %% pseudocode-edge e8 n10 n12 branch
    n10 e8@-->|"Nej"| n12
    n13["Avbryta"]
    %% pseudocode-edge e9 n12 n13 normal
    n12 e9@--> n13
    %% pseudocode-sequence e9 n12 n13
    n14((" ")):::pseudocodeGhost
    %% pseudocode-edge e10 n9 n14 normal
    n9 e10@--- n14
    %% pseudocode-sequence e10 n9 n14
    %% pseudocode-edge e11 n11 n14 normal
    n11 e11@--- n14
    %% pseudocode-sequence e11 n11 n14
    end
    style loop1_body fill:none,stroke:none
    %% pseudocode-edge e12 n6 n7 branch
    n6 e12@-->|"Ja"| n7
    %% pseudocode-loop-continue e12 n6 n7
    %% pseudocode-edge e13 n14 n6 loop_back
    n14 e13@--> n6
    %% pseudocode-loop-back e13 n14 n6
    %% pseudocode-edge e14 n6 n2 branch
    n6 e14@-->|"Nej"| n2
    %% pseudocode-loop-exit e14 n6 n2
    %% pseudocode-edge e15 n13 n2 normal
    n13 e15@--> n2
    %% pseudocode-sequence e15 n13 n2
    classDef pseudocodeGhost fill:transparent,stroke:transparent,color:transparent;

pseudocoden1Startn2Slutn3Läsa nn4mål = slumpMellan(1, n)n5m = mål + 1n6Medan m är inte lika med mål ?n7Läsa mn8m > mål ?n9Visa "För stort!"n10m < mål ?n11Visa "För litet!"n12Visa "Vunnit!"n13Avbrytan1:s->n3:nn3:s->n4:nn4:s->n5:nn5:s->n6:nn6:s->n7:nJan6:e->__exit_top_3:wNejn7:s->n8:nn8:s->n9:nJan8:e->n10:nNejn9:s->n14:nn10:s->n11:nJan10:e->n12:nNejn11:s->n14:nn12:s->n13:nn13:s->n2:nn14:w->__return_bottom_1:e__return_bottom_1:n->__return_top_2:s__return_top_2:e->n6:w__exit_top_3:s->__exit_bottom_4:n__exit_bottom_4:w->n2:e

Viktigaste programmeringsstrukturerna

Följande exempel visar de vanligaste kontrollstrukturerna var för sig så att deras Mermaid- och Graphviz-rendering snabbt kan jämföras.

Villkor: Om … Så … Annars …

x = 5
Om x > 0 Så:
    Visa "positiv"
Annars:
    Visa "noll eller negativ"
Slut

%%{init: {"flowchart":{"curve":"basis","nodeSpacing":55,"rankSpacing":72,"htmlLabels":false},"layout":"elk","look":"classic","elk":{"preset":"modelOrder","nodePlacementStrategy":"LINEAR_SEGMENTS","nodePlacementAlignment":"NONE","layeringStrategy":"NETWORK_SIMPLEX","cycleBreakingStrategy":"MODEL_ORDER","considerModelOrder":"NODES_AND_EDGES","forceNodeModelOrder":true,"keepEntryNodeOnTop":true,"straightenEdges":true,"lineHops":false,"mergeEdges":false},"htmlLabels":false}}%%
%% pseudocode-layout-profile: validated-loop-attached-edges-v22
flowchart TD
    n1(["Start"])
    n2(["Slut"])
    n3["x = 5"]
    %% pseudocode-edge e0 n1 n3 normal
    n1 e0@--> n3
    %% pseudocode-sequence e0 n1 n3
    n4{"x ›⁣ 0 ?"}
    %% pseudocode-edge e1 n3 n4 normal
    n3 e1@--> n4
    %% pseudocode-sequence e1 n3 n4
    n5[/"Visa 'positiv'"/]
    %% pseudocode-edge e2 n4 n5 branch
    n4 e2@-->|"Ja"| n5
    n6[/"Visa 'noll eller negativ'"/]
    %% pseudocode-edge e3 n4 n6 branch
    n4 e3@-->|"Nej"| n6
    %% pseudocode-edge e4 n5 n2 normal
    n5 e4@--> n2
    %% pseudocode-sequence e4 n5 n2
    %% pseudocode-edge e5 n6 n2 normal
    n6 e5@--> n2
    %% pseudocode-sequence e5 n6 n2

pseudocoden1Startn2Slutn3x = 5n4x > 0 ?n5Visa "positiv"n6Visa "noll eller negativ"n1:s->n3:nn3:s->n4:nn4:s->n5:nJan4:e->n6:nNejn5:s->n2:nn6:s->n2:n

Slinga: För … från … till …

total = 0
För i från 1 till 5:
    total = total + i
Slut
Visa total

%%{init: {"flowchart":{"curve":"basis","nodeSpacing":55,"rankSpacing":72,"htmlLabels":false},"layout":"elk","look":"classic","elk":{"preset":"modelOrder","nodePlacementStrategy":"LINEAR_SEGMENTS","nodePlacementAlignment":"NONE","layeringStrategy":"NETWORK_SIMPLEX","cycleBreakingStrategy":"MODEL_ORDER","considerModelOrder":"NODES_AND_EDGES","forceNodeModelOrder":true,"keepEntryNodeOnTop":true,"straightenEdges":true,"lineHops":false,"mergeEdges":false},"htmlLabels":false}}%%
%% pseudocode-layout-profile: validated-loop-attached-edges-v22
flowchart TD
    n1(["Start"])
    n2(["Slut"])
    n3["total = 0"]
    %% pseudocode-edge e0 n1 n3 normal
    n1 e0@--> n3
    %% pseudocode-sequence e0 n1 n3
    n4{"För i från 1 till 5"}
    %% pseudocode-edge e1 n3 n4 normal
    n3 e1@--> n4
    %% pseudocode-sequence e1 n3 n4
    subgraph loop1_body[" "]
        direction TB
    n5["total = total + i"]
    end
    style loop1_body fill:none,stroke:none
    %% pseudocode-edge e2 n4 n5 branch
    n4 e2@-->|"Ja"| n5
    %% pseudocode-loop-continue e2 n4 n5
    %% pseudocode-edge e3 n5 n4 loop_back
    n5 e3@-->|"(i = i + 1)"| n4
    %% pseudocode-loop-back e3 n5 n4
    n6[/"Visa total"/]
    %% pseudocode-edge e4 n4 n6 branch
    n4 e4@-->|"Nej"| n6
    %% pseudocode-loop-exit e4 n4 n6
    %% pseudocode-edge e5 n6 n2 normal
    n6 e5@--> n2
    %% pseudocode-sequence e5 n6 n2

pseudocoden1Startn2Slutn3total = 0n4För i från 1 till 5n5total = total + in6Visa totaln1:s->n3:nn3:s->n4:nn4:s->n5:nJan4:e->__exit_top_3:wNejn5:w->__return_bottom_1:e(i = i + 1)n6:s->n2:n__return_bottom_1:n->__return_top_2:s__return_top_2:e->n4:w__exit_top_3:s->__exit_bottom_4:n__exit_bottom_4:w->n6:e

Slinga: För … från … till … med steg …

För i från 0 till 10 med steg 2:
    Visa i
Slut

%%{init: {"flowchart":{"curve":"basis","nodeSpacing":55,"rankSpacing":72,"htmlLabels":false},"layout":"elk","look":"classic","elk":{"preset":"modelOrder","nodePlacementStrategy":"LINEAR_SEGMENTS","nodePlacementAlignment":"NONE","layeringStrategy":"NETWORK_SIMPLEX","cycleBreakingStrategy":"MODEL_ORDER","considerModelOrder":"NODES_AND_EDGES","forceNodeModelOrder":true,"keepEntryNodeOnTop":true,"straightenEdges":true,"lineHops":false,"mergeEdges":false},"htmlLabels":false}}%%
%% pseudocode-layout-profile: validated-loop-attached-edges-v22
flowchart TD
    n1(["Start"])
    n2(["Slut"])
    n3{"För i från 0 till 10 med steg 2"}
    %% pseudocode-edge e0 n1 n3 normal
    n1 e0@--> n3
    %% pseudocode-sequence e0 n1 n3
    subgraph loop1_body[" "]
        direction TB
    n4[/"Visa i"/]
    end
    style loop1_body fill:none,stroke:none
    %% pseudocode-edge e1 n3 n4 branch
    n3 e1@-->|"Ja"| n4
    %% pseudocode-loop-continue e1 n3 n4
    %% pseudocode-edge e2 n4 n3 loop_back
    n4 e2@-->|"(i = i + 2)"| n3
    %% pseudocode-loop-back e2 n4 n3
    %% pseudocode-edge e3 n3 n2 branch
    n3 e3@-->|"Nej"| n2
    %% pseudocode-loop-exit e3 n3 n2

pseudocoden1Startn2Slutn3För i från 0 till 10 med steg 2n4Visa in1:s->n3:nn3:s->n4:nJan3:e->__exit_top_3:wNejn4:w->__return_bottom_1:e(i = i + 2)__return_bottom_1:n->__return_top_2:s__return_top_2:e->n3:w__exit_top_3:s->__exit_bottom_4:n__exit_bottom_4:w->n2:e

Slinga: För … I …

För c I "Hej":
    Visa c
Slut

%%{init: {"flowchart":{"curve":"basis","nodeSpacing":55,"rankSpacing":72,"htmlLabels":false},"layout":"elk","look":"classic","elk":{"preset":"modelOrder","nodePlacementStrategy":"LINEAR_SEGMENTS","nodePlacementAlignment":"NONE","layeringStrategy":"NETWORK_SIMPLEX","cycleBreakingStrategy":"MODEL_ORDER","considerModelOrder":"NODES_AND_EDGES","forceNodeModelOrder":true,"keepEntryNodeOnTop":true,"straightenEdges":true,"lineHops":false,"mergeEdges":false},"htmlLabels":false}}%%
%% pseudocode-layout-profile: validated-loop-attached-edges-v22
flowchart TD
    n1(["Start"])
    n2(["Slut"])
    n3{"För c I 'Hej'"}
    %% pseudocode-edge e0 n1 n3 normal
    n1 e0@--> n3
    %% pseudocode-sequence e0 n1 n3
    subgraph loop1_body[" "]
        direction TB
    n4[/"Visa c"/]
    end
    style loop1_body fill:none,stroke:none
    %% pseudocode-edge e1 n3 n4 branch
    n3 e1@-->|"Ja"| n4
    %% pseudocode-loop-continue e1 n3 n4
    %% pseudocode-edge e2 n4 n3 loop_back
    n4 e2@--> n3
    %% pseudocode-loop-back e2 n4 n3
    %% pseudocode-edge e3 n3 n2 branch
    n3 e3@-->|"Nej"| n2
    %% pseudocode-loop-exit e3 n3 n2

pseudocoden1Startn2Slutn3För c I "Hej"n4Visa cn1:s->n3:nn3:s->n4:nJan3:e->__exit_top_3:wNejn4:w->__return_bottom_1:e__return_bottom_1:n->__return_top_2:s__return_top_2:e->n3:w__exit_top_3:s->__exit_bottom_4:n__exit_bottom_4:w->n2:e

Slinga: Medan …

i = 0
Medan i < 3:
    Visa i
    i = i + 1
Slut

%%{init: {"flowchart":{"curve":"basis","nodeSpacing":55,"rankSpacing":72,"htmlLabels":false},"layout":"elk","look":"classic","elk":{"preset":"modelOrder","nodePlacementStrategy":"LINEAR_SEGMENTS","nodePlacementAlignment":"NONE","layeringStrategy":"NETWORK_SIMPLEX","cycleBreakingStrategy":"MODEL_ORDER","considerModelOrder":"NODES_AND_EDGES","forceNodeModelOrder":true,"keepEntryNodeOnTop":true,"straightenEdges":true,"lineHops":false,"mergeEdges":false},"htmlLabels":false}}%%
%% pseudocode-layout-profile: validated-loop-attached-edges-v22
flowchart TD
    n1(["Start"])
    n2(["Slut"])
    n3["i = 0"]
    %% pseudocode-edge e0 n1 n3 normal
    n1 e0@--> n3
    %% pseudocode-sequence e0 n1 n3
    n4{"Medan i ‹⁣ 3 ?"}
    %% pseudocode-edge e1 n3 n4 normal
    n3 e1@--> n4
    %% pseudocode-sequence e1 n3 n4
    subgraph loop1_body[" "]
        direction TB
    n5[/"Visa i"/]
    n6["i = i + 1"]
    %% pseudocode-edge e2 n5 n6 normal
    n5 e2@--> n6
    %% pseudocode-sequence e2 n5 n6
    end
    style loop1_body fill:none,stroke:none
    %% pseudocode-edge e3 n4 n5 branch
    n4 e3@-->|"Ja"| n5
    %% pseudocode-loop-continue e3 n4 n5
    %% pseudocode-edge e4 n6 n4 loop_back
    n6 e4@--> n4
    %% pseudocode-loop-back e4 n6 n4
    %% pseudocode-edge e5 n4 n2 branch
    n4 e5@-->|"Nej"| n2
    %% pseudocode-loop-exit e5 n4 n2

pseudocoden1Startn2Slutn3i = 0n4Medan i < 3 ?n5Visa in6i = i + 1n1:s->n3:nn3:s->n4:nn4:s->n5:nJan4:e->__exit_top_3:wNejn5:s->n6:nn6:w->__return_bottom_1:e__return_bottom_1:n->__return_top_2:s__return_top_2:e->n4:w__exit_top_3:s->__exit_bottom_4:n__exit_bottom_4:w->n2:e

Slinga: Upprepa … gånger

Upprepa 3 gånger:
    Visa "Hej"
Slut

%%{init: {"flowchart":{"curve":"basis","nodeSpacing":55,"rankSpacing":72,"htmlLabels":false},"layout":"elk","look":"classic","elk":{"preset":"modelOrder","nodePlacementStrategy":"LINEAR_SEGMENTS","nodePlacementAlignment":"NONE","layeringStrategy":"NETWORK_SIMPLEX","cycleBreakingStrategy":"MODEL_ORDER","considerModelOrder":"NODES_AND_EDGES","forceNodeModelOrder":true,"keepEntryNodeOnTop":true,"straightenEdges":true,"lineHops":false,"mergeEdges":false},"htmlLabels":false}}%%
%% pseudocode-layout-profile: validated-loop-attached-edges-v22
flowchart TD
    n1(["Start"])
    n2(["Slut"])
    n3{"Upprepa 3 gånger"}
    %% pseudocode-edge e0 n1 n3 normal
    n1 e0@--> n3
    %% pseudocode-sequence e0 n1 n3
    subgraph loop1_body[" "]
        direction TB
    n4[/"Visa 'Hej'"/]
    end
    style loop1_body fill:none,stroke:none
    %% pseudocode-edge e1 n3 n4 branch
    n3 e1@-->|"Ja"| n4
    %% pseudocode-loop-continue e1 n3 n4
    %% pseudocode-edge e2 n4 n3 loop_back
    n4 e2@--> n3
    %% pseudocode-loop-back e2 n4 n3
    %% pseudocode-edge e3 n3 n2 branch
    n3 e3@-->|"Nej"| n2
    %% pseudocode-loop-exit e3 n3 n2

pseudocoden1Startn2Slutn3Upprepa 3 gångern4Visa "Hej"n1:s->n3:nn3:s->n4:nJan3:e->__exit_top_3:wNejn4:w->__return_bottom_1:e__return_bottom_1:n->__return_top_2:s__return_top_2:e->n3:w__exit_top_3:s->__exit_bottom_4:n__exit_bottom_4:w->n2:e

Slinga: Upprepa … Tills …

i = 0
Upprepa:
    Visa i
    i = i + 1
Tills i >= 3

%%{init: {"flowchart":{"curve":"basis","nodeSpacing":55,"rankSpacing":72,"htmlLabels":false},"layout":"elk","look":"classic","elk":{"preset":"modelOrder","nodePlacementStrategy":"LINEAR_SEGMENTS","nodePlacementAlignment":"NONE","layeringStrategy":"NETWORK_SIMPLEX","cycleBreakingStrategy":"MODEL_ORDER","considerModelOrder":"NODES_AND_EDGES","forceNodeModelOrder":true,"keepEntryNodeOnTop":true,"straightenEdges":true,"lineHops":false,"mergeEdges":false},"htmlLabels":false}}%%
%% pseudocode-layout-profile: validated-loop-attached-edges-v22
flowchart TD
    n1(["Start"])
    n2(["Slut"])
    n3["i = 0"]
    %% pseudocode-edge e0 n1 n3 normal
    n1 e0@--> n3
    %% pseudocode-sequence e0 n1 n3
    subgraph loop1[" "]
        direction TB
        subgraph loop1_body[" "]
            direction TB
    n4[/"Visa i"/]
    n5["i = i + 1"]
    %% pseudocode-edge e1 n4 n5 normal
    n4 e1@--> n5
    %% pseudocode-sequence e1 n4 n5
        end
    style loop1_body fill:none,stroke:none
        subgraph loop1_condition[" "]
            direction TB
    n6{"i ›⁣= 3 ?"}
        end
    style loop1_condition fill:none,stroke:none
    %% pseudocode-edge e2 n5 n6 normal
    n5 e2@--> n6
    %% pseudocode-sequence e2 n5 n6
    end
    style loop1 fill:none,stroke:none
    %% pseudocode-edge e3 n3 n4 normal
    n3 e3@--> n4
    %% pseudocode-sequence e3 n3 n4
    %% pseudocode-edge e4 n6 n4 loop_back
    n6 e4@-->|"Nej"| n4
    %% pseudocode-loop-back e4 n6 n4
    %% pseudocode-edge e5 n6 n2 branch
    n6 e5@-->|"Ja"| n2
    %% pseudocode-loop-exit e5 n6 n2

pseudocoden1Startn2Slutn3i = 0n4Visa in5i = i + 1n6i >= 3 ?n1:s->n3:nn3:s->n4:nn4:s->n5:nn5:s->n6:nn6:w->__return_bottom_1:eNejn6:e->__exit_top_3:wJa__return_bottom_1:n->__return_top_2:s__return_top_2:e->n4:w__exit_top_3:s->__exit_bottom_4:n__exit_bottom_4:w->n2:e