spc_mt_distance — SPC mt op

• Data kinds: matrix → table

• Call: import fullseye as fs; fs.ledger.spc_mt_distance(data, mean=None, std=None, inv_corr=None, threshold=3.0) (to call the implementation directly, import spc; spc.spc_mt_distance(data, mean=None, std=None, inv_corr=None, threshold=3.0); from the registry, opsspc.get("spc_mt_distance"))

Usage

Score observations against an MT-method unit space.

data is a 2-D array of shape (m, p). Pass the mean, std and inv_corr from spc_mt_unit_space to score new product against a stored unit space; omit all three and the unit space is built from data itself, which is the training case and makes md_sq_mean land on (m-1)/m.

Each row's distance is MD_i = sqrt(z_i' R^-1 z_i / p) with z_i = (x_i - mean) / std. Rows with MD > threshold are reported in flagged; the rest in inside. Dividing the quadratic form by p is what puts the unit space at 1 regardless of how many features are used, so a threshold carries over when features are added or removed.

Returns a dict with the per-row md and md_sq arrays, flagged, inside, the threshold, md_sq_mean, and n/p.

Relationship to spc_hotelling_t2 (used as the oracle in the tests):

on the standardised matrix the covariance *is* the correlation, so md**2 == t2 / p exactly for the same data.

Raises ValueError: a non-2-D / empty *data*, a non-positive threshold, a unit space given only in part, a mean / std / inv_corr whose shape disagrees with p, a non-positive entry in std, or non-finite input.

References (sample data, literature)

• Sample-data catalog (download URLs / licences) — 2-D uses skimage.data (BSD/public domain) plus synthetic images; 3-D lists download URLs for real data sources (Stanford, PDS, …).

• Operator provenance and references — the sources of the research/methods this op family came from.

• The canonical algorithm (author, year) and its uses are named in the family usage guide above.

Runnable examples (verified samples that actually call this op)

• poc_mt_hidden_fault — py -3.11 examples/poc_mt_hidden_fault.py

• poc_spc — py -3.11 examples/poc_spc.py

Ops the type connects to (they accept table as input)

msa_anova_table · msa_gauge_rr · msa_bias_linearity · msa_attribute_agreement · gum_standard_uncertainty · gum_propagate · gum_expanded · gum_monte_carlo

Same category (mt)

spc_mt_unit_space · spc_mt_sn_ratio


*Provenance: spc.py — SPC operator registry. This per-op note is generated by tools/opdocs.py md (do not hand-edit).*

© 2026 Kazufumi Furuse — Fullseye operator documentation. Licensed under Apache-2.0.