design op• Data kinds: table → table
• Call: import fullseye as fs; fs.ledger.opd_samples(system, field=None, size=64, wavelength_um=None, image_mm=None) (to call the implementation directly, import raytrace; raytrace.opd_samples(system, field=None, size=64, wavelength_um=None, image_mm=None); from the registry, opsoptics.get("opd_samples"))
• Return value through the ledger: fullseye.ledger.opd_samples(...) returns only the declared out type table (the underlying function also returns auxiliary values). When you need what was dropped, use fullseye.ledger.opd_samples.raw(...) or call raytrace.opd_samples directly.
OPD (waves) at grid pupil samples: returns (px, py, opd, valid).
The grid is linspace(-1, 1, size) in each pupil coordinate, so the outermost sample *centres* sit on the pupil edge (rho = ±1): the pupil diameter spans size − 1 sample spacings. optics.pupil_psf counts the other way (its grid's full width of size cells is the diameter), so feeding it this map needs f_number = N·(size−1)/size for the same PSF scale (lensimage.psf_from_opd does the bookkeeping for you).
Every optics op validates its input before computing (nothing slips through silently):
• Units are baked into the argument name — _mm / _um / _deg / _mrad. Confusing mm with µm does not crash; it yields a plausible-looking wrong answer, so the name prevents it. Nothing here guesses the unit from the magnitude.
• Strings raise ValueError — float('50') succeeds, so an unparsed configuration value would slip through as a length (measured: thin_lens('50', '200') returned a plausible 66.667 mm). bool is refused too, as the implicit promotion True == 1.
• complex / masked arrays raise ValueError (real-valued slots only; silently dropping the imaginary part or peeling off the mask is refused). NaN/Inf raises ValueError on every input.
• Division by zero and its relatives are refused by name: focal length 0, radius of curvature 0, refractive index <= 0, a fully opaque aperture (all zeros, so the normalisation is 0/0), a PSF whose sum is <= 0, a Stokes vector with S0 = 0, and an object sitting at the front focal point (the image is at infinity).
• Only two ops return a non-finite value, and both state it as a contract: depth_of_field returns far_mm = inf beyond the hyperfocal distance (that is what the hyperfocal distance means), and gaussian_beam returns wavefront_radius_mm = inf at the waist (the radius of curvature of a plane wavefront). Both also return a finite companion (far_is_infinite / curvature_per_mm). Any other silent NaN/Inf is detected internally and raises ValueError — "float64 overflowed" and "the answer is infinite" are different claims, so the first is never returned wearing the face of the second.
• Size caps: generated grids are capped by optics.MAX_GRID (4096); supplied fields/PSFs/apertures by optics.MAX_FIELD_ELEMENTS (2^24); ABCD element chains by optics.MAX_SYSTEM_ELEMENTS (1024); Zernike by MAX_ZERNIKE_TERMS (512) / MAX_ZERNIKE_ORDER (40) / MAX_ZERNIKE_BASIS (2^25). This closes, fail-closed, the paths where a small argument triggers a huge internal allocation (measured: n_max=40 × 4096² needs 108 GB).
• Physically impossible states are refused too: a Stokes vector with degree of polarisation > 1, negative transmittance, negative intensity, and invalid Zernike indices such as n-|m| odd.
• Sample-data catalog (download URLs / licences) — 2-D uses skimage.data (BSD/public domain) plus synthetic images; 3-D lists download URLs for real data sources (Stanford, PDS, …).
• Operator provenance and references — the sources of the research/methods this op family came from.
• The canonical algorithm (author, year) and its uses are named in the family usage guide above.
• poc_noncoaxial_optics — py -3.11 examples/poc_noncoaxial_optics.py
table as input)abcd_matrix · wavefront_stats · sfr_from_edge · paraxial_trace · seidel_coefficients · spot_stats · tolerance_analysis · wavefront_from_opd
design)lens_system · thick_lens · glass · example_system · glass_catalog · sellmeier · paraxial_trace · seidel_coefficients
*Provenance: raytrace.py — OPTICS operator registry. This per-op note is generated by tools/opdocs.py md (do not hand-edit).*
© 2026 Kazufumi Furuse — Fullseye operator documentation. Licensed under Apache-2.0.