spad_deadtime_apply — PHOTON `spad` op

• 数据种类:countrate → countrate

• 调用:import photoncount; photoncount.spad_deadtime_apply(rate_hz, dead_time_ns=50.0, paralyzable=False)(或 opsphoton.get("spad_deadtime_apply"))

用探测器的死时间扭曲真实光子率(计数丢失)。

> 以下的详细说明为原文 —— 摘要与标题已翻译。

After every detection a SPAD is blind for a recharge (dead) time `tau`, so

the *measured* rate `m is always below the *true* incident rate n`.

Two classical laws, and this op implements both:

• non-paralysable (default) — an arriving photon during the dead time is

simply lost: `m = n / (1 + n*tau). Monotonic, saturating at 1/tau`.

• paralysable (`paralyzable=True`) — an arriving photon *restarts* the

dead time: `m = n * exp(-n*tau). This law **peaks** at n = 1/tau`

(where `m = 1/(e*tau)`) and then falls, so a bright scene can read

*darker* than a dim one. That is why no inverse op exists for it (see

:func:spad_deadtime_correct).

*rate_hz* is a 1-D array of true rates in counts per second; *dead_time_ns*

is the dead time in nanoseconds, defaulting to 50 — the middle of the

10-100 ns range a passively quenched SPAD occupies, and a placeholder to be

replaced by the datasheet value, never a measurement of your detector.

Returns the measured rates as a float64 1-D array of the same length.

Ground truth (pinned in the tests): at `n = 1/tau` the non-paralysable law

gives exactly `n/2`; the paralysable law's maximum is exactly

`1/(e*tau) at n = 1/tau; both reduce to m = n as n*tau -> 0`.

Raises `ValueError`: negative, non-finite or non-1-D *rate_hz*, a

non-positive *dead_time_ns*, and a non-bool *paralyzable*.

• 示例数据目录(下载 URL / 许可证) —— 2-D 用 skimage.data(BSD/公有领域)加合成图,3-D 给出真实数据源(Stanford/PDS 等)的下载 URL。

• 算子来历与参考文献 —— 该算子族所依据的研究/方法出处。

• 算法的正典(作者・年份)与用途见上面的族使用指南。

• photon_timeresolved — py -3.11 examples/photon_timeresolved.py

*Provenance: photoncount.py — PHOTON 算子登记表。本条目由 tools/opdocs.py md 自动生成(请勿手工编辑)。*

spad_deadtime_apply — PHOTON spad op