```python
from typing import Callable, Dict, Any

class JobQueue:
    def __init__(self):
        self.jobs: Dict[str, Dict[str, Any]] = {}

    def add_job(self, job_id: str, data: Dict[str, Any]) -> None:
        self.jobs[job_id] = {
            "data": data,
            "retry_count": 0,
            "next_backoff": 0
        }

    def process_job(self, job_id: str, processor: Callable) -> bool:
        if job_id not in self.jobs:
            return False

        job = self.jobs[job_id]
        max_retries = 3
        retry_count = 0

        for _ in range(max_retries + 1):
            try:
                processor(job["data"])
                return True
            except Exception:
                retry_count += 1
                if retry_count > max_retries:
                    job["retry_count"] = retry_count
                    break
                
                # Exponential backoff: 1s, 2s, 4s
                backoff = 2 ** (retry_count - 1)
                job["next_backoff"] = backoff
                job["retry_count"] = retry_count

        return False
```