```python
from typing import Callable, Dict, Any

class JobQueue:
    def __init__(self):
        self.jobs: Dict[str, Dict[str, Any]] = {}
        self.retry_states: Dict[str, Dict[str, Any]] = {}

    def add_job(self, job_id: str, data: Dict[str, Any]) -> None:
        self.jobs[job_id] = data
        self.retry_states[job_id] = {"retry_count": 0, "backoff": 0}

    def process_job(self, job_id: str, processor: Callable) -> bool:
        if job_id not in self.jobs:
            return False
        
        max_retries = 3
        state = self.retry_states[job_id]
        current_retry_count = state["retry_count"]
        
        while current_retry_count <= max_retries:
            try:
                processor(self.jobs[job_id])
                state["retry_count"] = 0
                state["backoff"] = 0
                return True
            except Exception:
                current_retry_count += 1
                state["retry_count"] = current_retry_count
                
                if current_retry_count > max_retries:
                    return False
                
                backoff_seconds = 2 ** (current_retry_count - 1)
                state["backoff"] = backoff_seconds
        
        return False
```